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War in the Pacific
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• While Operation Barbarossa (the attempted conquest of the Soviet Union) was underway in the fall of 1941, the American fleet was anchored at Pearl Harbour, HI
• The Pacific fleet was there in case of war• Japanese-American relations were NOT good• Japan was intent upon conquering Asia – they
had already invaded Manchuria and Hong Kong
• Only obstacle? Pearl Harbour
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• December 7, 1941:• Japanese Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto led a
surprise attack on the US Naval base at Pearl Harbour
• 2 hours of bombardment virtually destroyed the fleet
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• Fighting in Asia vs. the Japanese was bitter – American, British, Australian, New Zealand and Cdn. troops
• Anyone taken POW was treated very poorly
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• By 1944, the US had managed to re-take New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and the Philippines
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• By 1945, the British had re-taken Burma• The Japanese navy had been virtually
destroyed• When the US invaded Okinawa in 1945, the
Japanese fought to the death and lost almost 100,000 soldiers
• “kamikaze” pilots began crashing into US ships
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• Many American leaders felt that the Japanese were too proud to surrender peacefully and “unconditionally”
• They feared an invasion of Japan would cost too many American lives – 100,000+
• So…during the war, the Americans had been working on a secret weapon:
- the “Atomic Bomb”- part of the “Manhattan Project”
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• Even the US Vice-President Harry Truman did not know about the project until after President Roosevelt’s death in 1945
• When Truman became President, he decided that the bomb would bring about the “absolute surrender” of Japan without an invasion
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• August 6, 1945:• B-29 Bomber “Enola Gay” dropped “Little Boy”
on the city of Hiroshima – 70,000 dead and 61,000 injured
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• August 9, 1945:• “Fatman” was dropped on the city of Nagasaki
and another 40,000+ were killed• Japanese Emperor Hirohito and Japan agreed
to surrender unconditionally• WWII had finally come to an end
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