The Ideal Gas RelationshipsThe Ideal Gas Relationships
Three Factors to ConsiderThree Factors to Consider Pretend you are a fixed amount of gas…Who has a great Pretend you are a fixed amount of gas…Who has a great
influence on your life?influence on your life? TemperatureTemperature – the amount of heat energy you experience. – the amount of heat energy you experience.
It will make your particles go faster and collide harder…It will make your particles go faster and collide harder…Better make some room.Better make some room.
PressurePressure – the amount of force that is exerted upon you. – the amount of force that is exerted upon you. Pressure is “the man”, always trying to put the squeeze on Pressure is “the man”, always trying to put the squeeze on you and keep you pent up in a smaller space.you and keep you pent up in a smaller space.
VolumeVolume – the amount of space that you occupy. The – the amount of space that you occupy. The number of particles that makes you up and your number of particles that makes you up and your temperature and pressure will affect how much living space temperature and pressure will affect how much living space you get.you get.
The Same But DifferentThe Same But Different There are three ideal gas relationships. All of them deal There are three ideal gas relationships. All of them deal
with a couple of the factors that were mentioned on the with a couple of the factors that were mentioned on the previous slide. Each different law deals with a different pair previous slide. Each different law deals with a different pair of factors. The third factor is always held as a constant – of factors. The third factor is always held as a constant – so it has no effect.so it has no effect.
All three of the ideal gas relationships deal with a fixed All three of the ideal gas relationships deal with a fixed “amount” of gas. Remember that an amount of gas refers “amount” of gas. Remember that an amount of gas refers to the number of moles of that gas.to the number of moles of that gas.
This fixed amount (moles) of gas and the fact that one of This fixed amount (moles) of gas and the fact that one of the three factors is kept constant means that we see the the three factors is kept constant means that we see the relationship between the other two factors. We can see relationship between the other two factors. We can see what happens to one of these factors when the other factor what happens to one of these factors when the other factor is increased, or decreased, in some manner.is increased, or decreased, in some manner.
The Boyle-ing PointThe Boyle-ing Point Boyle’s Law explains the relationship between Boyle’s Law explains the relationship between
pressure and volume.pressure and volume.– ““At a constant temperature, the volume of a At a constant temperature, the volume of a
fixed amount of gas is inversely proportional fixed amount of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure”.to its pressure”.
This means that as you put more pressure on an This means that as you put more pressure on an amount of gas, it will take up less volume or amount of gas, it will take up less volume or space.space.
Boyle’s Law can be expressed using the following Boyle’s Law can be expressed using the following formula:formula:
PP11VV11 = P = P22VV22
Charles in ChargeCharles in Charge Charles’ Law explains the relationship between Charles’ Law explains the relationship between
temperature and volume.temperature and volume.– ““At constant pressure, the volume of a fixed mass At constant pressure, the volume of a fixed mass
of gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin of gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature.”temperature.”
This means that as you increase the temperature of an This means that as you increase the temperature of an amount of gas, you will also increase the volume.amount of gas, you will also increase the volume.
Charles’ Law can be expressed using the following Charles’ Law can be expressed using the following formula:formula:
VV11 = = VV22
TT11 T T22 It can be rearranged into the following format using cross-It can be rearranged into the following format using cross-
multiplication. This makes it easier to isolate any one of the multiplication. This makes it easier to isolate any one of the variables involved.variables involved.
TT11VV22 = T = T22VV11
Gay-Lussac’s LawGay-Lussac’s Law Gay-Lussac’s Law explains the relationship between Gay-Lussac’s Law explains the relationship between
pressure and temperature.pressure and temperature.– ““At constant volume, the pressure of a fixed amount of gas is At constant volume, the pressure of a fixed amount of gas is
directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature.”directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature.” What this means is that as you put more pressure on a What this means is that as you put more pressure on a
gas, the temperature of the gas will increase.gas, the temperature of the gas will increase. Gay-Lussac’s Law can be expressed using the following Gay-Lussac’s Law can be expressed using the following
formula:formula:
PP11 = = PP22
TT11 T T22
It can be rearranged into the following format using cross-It can be rearranged into the following format using cross-multiplication. This makes it easier to isolate any one of the multiplication. This makes it easier to isolate any one of the variables involved.variables involved.
PP11TT22 = P = P22TT11
THE ENDTHE END
