The Endocrine System snd Reproductive
SystemHormones, Hormones
and, more Hormones!!!The endocrine system
sends out chemical
signals to tell cells what
to do.
The reproductive system
produces ova and
sperm for propagation of
the species.
Even though the endocrine system doesn’t seem very
important to us, it really is! It affects almost everything
in our bodies, and participates in moods, growth and
development, sexual functions, reproductive
processes, tissue function, and metabolism.
THE MAIN PARTS OF
THE ENDOCRINE
SYSTEM.
Hormones & Glands The endocrine system is founded on hormones and glands.
Hormones (either protein-based or lipid-based chemical messengers) transfer info and orders from a set of cells to another. Each type of hormone is designed to affect only certain cells.
A gland is a bunch of cells that produce and gives off chemicals. A gland ‘selects and removes materials from the blood, processes them, and secretes the finished chemical product for use somewhere in the body.’
Exocrine glands like the sweat glands release secretions outside the body, such as the skin or inside the mouth.
Endocrine glands like the pituitary gland secretes hormones inside the body to regulate internal processes.
What
can go
wrong
Too much or
too little of
any hormone
can be
harmful to
your body.
For example, if the pituitary
gland produces too much
growth hormone, a teen
may grow excessively tall. If
it produces too little, a teen
may be unusually short.
Doctors can often treat the
problems by controlling the
production of hormones or
replacing certain hormones
with medication. Some
endocrine problems that
affect teens are…
Disorders
Diseases
Cryptococcus
neoformans is a
common fungal
infection and
frequent cause of
meningitis in
humans. When it
infects the pituitary
gland, it can cause
blindness.
InteractionsHow does the endocrine system interact with other organ systems?
Nervous System - The Endocrine System works with this system by sending hormones to cells
and thereby causing a physical reaction. These hormones provide feedback to the brain and
affect neural processing, which give your body instructions on how and when to react to
certain extrema. Other hormones, such as reproductive hormones, affect the development of the
nervous system.
Digestive System - The Endocrine System works with this system through the pancreas, which
produces the hormone insulin. When we digest carbohydrates (through the digestive system)
they are then transformed into sugars. The pancreas, which is part of the endocrine system,
produces the hormone insulin to regulate how fast the sugars are consequently broken down;
therefore, insulin regulates the amount of sugar in the blood.
Circulatory System - The Endocrine System works with this system because it works as the
transport system for endocrine information. It basically works with the circulatory system to
send hormones throughout the body where they can be received by various organs and cells, and
are then put to use through bodily functions.
How Do You Keep Your
Endocrine System Healthy?
1. Eat Healthy – whole foods, not processed2. Avoid Junk Food3. Exercise – choose the right exercise for you
The Human Reproductive System
Reproductive System is
for the production of
gametes – ova (eggs)
and sperm – used for
producing offspring.
Human males and
females have different
gonads – reproductive
organs.
The Human Reproductive Organs
and GlandsMale
Testicles – male organs that
make sperm cells.
Penis – male external sex
organ
Female
Ovaries (2) – female organ
that contains hundreds of undeveloped female
gametes (egg or ova)
Uterus – organ where a fetus
develops until its birthFallopian tube – connects
ovary to the uterus.
Vagina – external opening
Path of Gametes
Interactions with other
Organ SystemsThe reproductive system interacts with…..
❖ the endocrine system, because the endocrine system provides the system
with growth and development hormones to nurture an embryo.
❖ the circulatory system, which transports hormones through the body to
the reproductive organs.
❖ the muscular system during menstrual cycle, so the muscular system
can push out any waste material out of the body, and the muscular
system is also used to give birth and help push the baby out of the birth
canal.
Disorders and Diseases
INTERESTING FACTS
• It contains the largest (ova) and smallest (sperm) cells in the body.• A female is born with all of the ova she will ever have. Only 300,000
will be left by the time she reaches puberty.• A male makes over 500 trillion sperm in his life-time.• A female could give birth to about 35 offspring in her life-time.• Ova live for 12-24 hours, where sperm live for up to 36 hours.• Androgens are the hormones that are responsible for the male
secondary sex characteristics (deep voice, body hair, height and muscles) in men.
• Estrogens are the hormones that are responsible for the development of breasts, blood clotting, bone formation, and female secondary sex characteristics.
References
“Explore Human Anatomy and Physiology.” Edited by Eric Rodriguez, InnerBody, InnerBody.com, Jan. 2018, www.innerbody.com/htm/body.html.
“Human Body Systems.” Carolina Biological Supply: World-Class Support for Science & Math, Carolina Biological Supply, Mar. 2018, www.carolina.com/teacher-resources/Interactive/human-body-systems/tr40161.tr.
“Endocrine System." Fact Monster. © 2000–2017 Sandbox Networks, Inc., publishing as Fact Monster. May 2018. <https://www.factmonster.com/dk/encyclopedia/science/endocrine-system/>.
“Reproduction System." Fact Monster. © 2000–2017 Sandbox Networks, Inc., publishing as Fact Monster. May 2018. <https://www.factmonster.com/dk/encyclopedia/science/endocrine-system/>.
Dowshen, Steven. “Body Basics.” Rady Children's Hospital-San Diego, The Nemours
Foundation/KidsHealth., Mar. 2012, www.rchsd.org/health-articles/endocrine-system/.