Download - SETI@home: a Progress Report
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SETI@home: a Progress SETI@home: a Progress ReportReport
David P. AndersonDavid P. Anderson
Space Sciences LaboratorySpace Sciences Laboratory
U.C. BerkeleyU.C. Berkeley
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A short science lesson
Ionians600-400 BC
Light
Electricity/magnetism
Math
Ptolemy140 AD
Newton1666
Galileo1609
Foucault1849
Greeks Gilbert1600
Oersted, Faraday1820-1830
Leibniz, Newton1670-1700
Gauss, etc.1750-1850
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Maxwell’s equations (1862)
“We can scarcely avoid the conclusion that light consistsin the transverse undulations of the same mediumwhich is the cause of electric and magnetic phenomena.”
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The Electromagnetic Spectrum
1888: Heinrich Hertz generates radio waves1901: Gugliemo Marconi uses radio to communicate across Atlantic
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The Extraterrestrial Life Conjecture:
Is there life outside Earth?
An early idea (Gauss 1820)
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Investigating the ELC
• Hard to disprove• Likelihood estimation: Drake’s Equation
N = R×fp×ne×fl×fi×fc×L
– Milky Way: 400 billion stars– 100 billion other galaxies
• To prove: detect life– Actively– Passively
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Planet discovery (1996 -)
Doppler shifting of absorption lines
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How to detect life
• Physical evidence• Synthetic EM waves
– Radio• Beamed• Omnidirectional
– Optical
• Natural EM waves100,000 light years
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What’s there to say?
Civilization knowledge:
• Scientific– Biology, math, etc.
• Technology• Cultural
– Art, literature, music– philosophy
• Social– How to govern
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Benefits and dangers
• Sending+: Share legacy; need to send to hear– : Get noticed, invaded
• Listening+: Learn something; social benefits– : Destructive technology; computer
viruses
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The latency problem
• Distance may be 1000s of light years
• How to speed up time?• “Contact”: instructions for FTL
machine• Algorithmic communication: send
an oracle
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The Galactic Internet
• The Galaxy-Wide Web– http://gww.rigel.4/~kodos/index.html
• Google• Commerce and ad campaigns
– “Got Oxygen?”– Pyramid schemes
• Galactic archive– Civilization as storage device
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Radio SETI
• Observation– Sky survey, targeted search
• Compute power spectrum• Pattern-match narrow-band signals• Eliminate man-made interference (RFI)• Rank and re-observe candidates• The “Declaration of Principles”
We, the institutions and individuals participating in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence,…
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SETI@home• Use distributed computing• Better data analysis:
– Signal types (Gaussian, spike, pulsed, triplet)
– Multiple frequency resolutions– Multiple drift rates, coherent integration
• Tradeoff: smaller frequency band– 2.5MHz vs. 100 MHz
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Datarecorder
screensavers
science DBuser DB
WU storage
splitters
DLT tapes
dataserver
resultqueue
acct.queue
garbagecollector
tape archive,delete
tape backup
master DBredundancy
checking
RFIelimination
repeatdetection
web site
CGI program
web pagegenerator
SETI@home Operations
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Achievements of SETI@home
• 1,000,000 years of CPU time in 3 years
• Sustained 35 TeraFLOPs• 1.5E^21 floating-point operations• 3,600,000 users in 226 countries• 40 Terabytes of data processed• 3 billion “events” detected
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What’s next?
• New SETI searches– Parkes observatory: southern sky– Multi-beam receivers– Expanded frequency range
• Reanalysis of SETI data• black hole evaporation• Hydrogen map
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Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC)
Many possibly applications:– Global climate modeling and prediction– Protein folding, gene mapping– Drug discovery
Research lab X
University Y Public project Z
projects
applications
resource pool
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Conclusion
• SETI is a basic unanswered question
• ET contact might revolutionize all areas of human thought and activity
• SETI@home approach can– Enable new computational science– Bridge science/public gap