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Review
Unit 1
Westward Expansion and Imperialism
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A mining boom and newly laid railroad lines from the Plains to
the west coast saw this city explode in size
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A mining boom and newly laid
railroad lines from the
Plains to the west coast
saw this city explode in
size Denver
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Homesteaders were able to make this “Great American Desert” grow, with determination and the aid of
tech like the steel plow and mechanical reaper
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Homesteaders were able to make this “Great American
Desert” grow, with determination and the aid of tech like the steel plow and mechanical reaper Great Plains
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The process where a dominant power exerts its influence over
smaller powers to its own benefit – exerting sovereignty over others
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The process where a
dominant power exerts its
influence over smaller powers to its own benefit –
exerting sovereignty over
others Imperialism
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Cuban rebel who resisted Spanish control – he rallied many exiles in places like New York City before
returning, and dying, for his cause
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Cuban rebel who resisted Spanish
control – he rallied many exiles in
places like New York City before returning, and
dying, for his cause Jose Marti
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The US picks a fight with a weakening European power, and
expands its power and its territories into the Caribbean and
the Pacific through this
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The US picks a fight with a weakening
European power, and expands its power and its territories into the Caribbean and the Pacific
through this Spanish-American War
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Commodore Matthew Perry lands in a port here in 1853, and the US
issues trade terms to the inhabitants – they begin to
industrialize to try and catch up afterwards
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Commodore Matthew Perry lands in a port
here in 1853, and the US issues
trade terms to the inhabitants – they
begin to industrialize to try
and catch up afterwards
Japan
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South Dakota
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The US government makes large areas of western land available
to settlers to claim and farm, for a small registration fee
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The US government makes large
areas of western land available to settlers to claim and farm, for a
small registration fee Homestead Act
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US troops crush a ceremonial “ghost dance” of the Lakota in this
final bloody act in the wars with tribal nations in South Dakota
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US troops crush a ceremonial
“ghost dance” of the Lakota in
this final bloody act in the wars with tribal nations
in South Dakota Wounded Knee
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US policies to re-educate native youth, force farm life on tribesmen
and women, and make native societies more “American”
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US policies to re-educate
native youth, force farm life on tribesmen and women,
and make native
societies more “American”
Assimilation
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US settlers, wealthy fruit companies, and US Marines
combine to overthrow a resistant queen and take control here
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US settlers, wealthy fruit
companies, and US Marines combine to overthrow a
resistant queen and take control
here Hawaii
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gg
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gg
Oklahoma
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The belief that white America was on a mission from God to spread
across the North American continent, regardless of who was in
the way
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The belief that white America
was on a mission from God to
spread across the North American continent,
regardless of who was in the
way
“Manifest Destiny”
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Sensational and provocative reporting designed to influence the reader to a specific reaction – used to drum up US support for war with
Spain
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Sensational and provocative
reporting designed to
influence the reader to a
specific reaction – used to drum
up US support for war with Spain
“yellow journalism”
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From “Rough Rider” to Vice President – assassination makes
him president, and his goals are for the US to become a major world
power
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From “Rough Rider” to Vice
President – assassination
makes him president, and his goals are for the US to become a
major world power
Theodore Roosevelt
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Running cattle from ranching areas to railroad lines across
extended sections of the Great Plains
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Running cattle from ranching
areas to railroad lines across
extended sections of the Great
Plains Long Drive
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Eastern edge of the Great Plains thru the Dakotas and Nebraska – helps to make the US the major
source of an important food
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Eastern edge of the Great Plains thru the Dakotas and Nebraska –
helps to make the US the major source of an
important food “Wheat Belt”
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After a 1,300 mile flight from the US Army, this tribe from the Pacific
northwest surrendered and was moved onto a reservation in
Oklahoma territory – far from their old home
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After a 1,300 mile flight from
the US Army, this tribe from the
Pacific northwest surrendered and was moved onto a reservation in
Oklahoma territory – far from their old
home Nez Perce
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This economic activity drew multitudes of Americans west,
in the hopes of quick bucks
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This economic
activity drew multitudes of
Americans west, in the
hopes of quick bucks mining
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The belief that superior American culture had the right, even responsibility, to improve the lives of “inferior” peoples
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The belief that superior
American culture had
the right, even
responsibility, to improve the lives of “inferior” peoples
“Anglo-Saxonism” / “The White Mans’ Burden”
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US President who said he wanted to have “moral diplomacy” with Latin America – but still bossed
countries like Mexico around
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US President who said he wanted to
have “moral diplomacy” with
Latin America – but still bossed countries like Mexico around
Woodrow Wilson
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The US seized control of this in the Spanish-American War, and
it is still a US territory to this day
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The US seized control of this in the Spanish-American War, and it is still a US territory to
this day
Puerto Rico
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“yellow journalism” type stories assumed what happened to this without having proof, to drum
up US support for war
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“yellow journalism” type stories
assumed what happened to this without having proof,
to drum up US support for
war USS Maine
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This presidential statement said the US had the right, even duty, to
“police” the western hemisphere and to resolve conflicts in Central
and South America
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This presidential statement said the US
had the right, even duty, to “police” the western hemisphere
and to resolve conflicts in Central and South America
“Roosevelt Corollary”
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When legal officers or systems did not exist in early western
settlements, citizens volunteered to form these to try and keep order
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When legal officers or
systems did not exist in early
western settlements,
citizens volunteered to form these to try and keep
order vigilance committees
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Lakota warriors crush an undermanned US force through
surprise and skill, but this “victory” would only bring more enemy onto
their lands later on
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Lakota warriors crush an
undermanned US force through
surprise and skill, but this “victory” would only bring
more enemy onto their lands
later on Battle of Little Big Horn
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Used high pressure water to get at deeper pockets of valuable
metals, but also caused environmental damage
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Used high pressure water to get at deeper pockets of valuable metals, but
also caused environmental damage
hydraulic mining
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Rebels here help the Americans against the Spanish, then feel cheated when promises of independence were not kept; 3 more bloody years of fighting will follow, and maybe 200,000 got
dead
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Rebels here help the Americans against the
Spanish, then feel cheated when
promises of independence were
not kept; 3 more bloody years of
fighting will follow, and maybe 200,000
got dead
Philippines
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Not direct control, but a place under political and economic
pressure from a larger power to do what they want
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Not direct control, but a place under
political and economic pressure
from a larger power to do what
they want
“sphere of influence”
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Chinese rebels try to drive out “foreign devils” from their country;
2,500 US Marines and other European powers crush it, and even more outside influence flows into
China afterwards
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Chinese rebels try to drive out “foreign devils” from their country; 2,500 US Marines and other European powers crush it, and even
more outside influence flows into
China afterwards Boxer Rebellion
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Frederick Jackson Turner worried for the future of America because
of this – he said an avenue of experimentation and progress through struggle would be lost
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Frederick Jackson Turner worried for the
future of America
because of this – he said an avenue of
experimentation and progress
through struggle would
be lost
“closing the frontier”
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Nomads of the Great Plains – their lifestyle was heavily tied to buffalo herds and sacred lands, and both
were under threat from US expansion
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Nomads of the Great Plains –
their lifestyle was heavily tied to
buffalo herds and sacred lands, and both were under threat from US
expansion Lakota / “Sioux”
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Philippines
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Really arrogant dude – sought a glorious victory over the Lakota,
rushed in underprepared, and got crushed and dead instead at Little
Big Horn
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Really arrogant dude – sought a glorious victory over the Lakota,
rushed in underprepared, and got crushed
and dead instead at Little Big Horn
George Armstrong Custer
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Hispanic communities that formed in American cities in the southwest
and west – Mexicans and other Latin ethnicities sought to retain
their culture and identity
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Hispanic communities that
formed in American cities in the
southwest and west – Mexicans and other Latin
ethnicities sought to retain their
culture and identity barrios
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Teddy Roosevelt’s approach that US influence would be more effectively
communicated if accompanied by obvious strength and power
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Teddy Roosevelt’s
approach that US influence
would be more effectively
communicated if accompanied by obvious strength
and power “Big Stick” diplomacy
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“Big Stick” diplomacy through aid of arms and funds to rebels
helped the US to build this shortcut
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“Big Stick” diplomacy
through aid of arms and
funds to rebels
helped the US to build
this shortcut Panama Canal
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Editor of a New York paper that engaged in jingoistic yellow
journalism to encourage the US to support war with Spain
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Editor of a New York paper that
engaged in jingoistic yellow
journalism to encourage the US
to support war with Spain
William Randolph Hearst / Joseph Pulitzer
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They drove the “long drive”, living an independent lifestyle
on the open range – barbed wire ends their lifestyle
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They drove the “long drive”,
living an independent
lifestyle on the open range – barbed wire ends their
lifestyle cowboys / vaqueros
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Colorado
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Chief Joseph
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Maybe a little less aggressive than “big stick” but still using US power to influence events and
decisions in Latin America
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Maybe a little less aggressive than
“big stick” but still using US power to influence events and decisions in
Latin America “dollar diplomacy”
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US – negotiated plans for several nations to share spheres
of influence in China
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US – negotiated plans for several
nations to share spheres of influence in
China
“Open Door” Policy
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Cuba
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Brutal attack on Cheyenne tribesmen, women, and children who thought they were meeting with US forces to negotiate their
surrender
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Brutal attack on Cheyenne tribesmen,
women, and children who thought they were meeting
with US forces to negotiate their
surrender Sand Creek Massacre
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One of the last Lakota to surrender – his vision of one of his own killing
him came true; kicked Custer’s overconfident ass at Little Big Horn
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One of the last Lakota to
surrender – his vision of one of his own killing him came true; kicked Custer’s
overconfident ass at Little Big Horn Sitting Bull
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Sacred lands to the Lakota – treaties guaranteeing their
protection were broken, so Sitting Bull, Crazy Horse, and Red Cloud
lead resistance
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Sacred lands to the Lakota –
treaties guaranteeing
their protection were broken, so
Sitting Bull, Crazy Horse, and Red Cloud lead
resistance Black Hills