![Page 1: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
PARTS OF A CELL
Diagrams in your book are on page 175!
![Page 2: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
WORDS TO KNOW BEFORE GETTING STARTED
cytology: study of cells organelle (“little organ”): membrane-
bound cell structure that performs 1 or more functionsexamples: mitochondrion, chloroplast, nucleus,
Golgi complex, lysosome, etc.
![Page 3: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
NUCLEUS(Plural: Nuclei)
Function: control center of cell (contains DNA)
Found in both plant and animal cells
![Page 4: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
NUCLEUS(Plural: Nuclei)
![Page 5: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Trivia!
DNA ALWAYS stays in the cell nucleus. True or false?
![Page 6: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
NUCLEOLUS(Plural: Nucleoli)
Function: structure inside nucleus that produces ribosomes
Found in both plant and animal cells
![Page 7: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
NUCLEAR MEMBRANE/ENVELOPE
Function: surrounds nucleus and separates it from the cytoplasm; has nuclear pores (holes)
Found in both plant and animal cells
![Page 8: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
NUCLEAR MEMBRANE/ENVELOPE
![Page 9: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
CELL MEMBRANE
Function: boundary between inside and outside of cell; controls movement of materials in and out of cell
Found in both plant and animal cells
![Page 10: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
CELL MEMBRANE
![Page 11: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
CELL WALL
Function: surrounds cell membrane; protects and supports the plant; contains cellulose
Found in plant cells
![Page 12: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
CELL WALL
![Page 13: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
CYTOPLASM
Function: jelly-like material that fills the cell; holds organelles in place
Found in both plant and animal cells
![Page 14: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
CYTOPLASM
![Page 15: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
RIBOSOME
Function: where proteins are made; some are attached to endoplasmic reticulum, some are free in cytoplasm
Found in both plant and animal cells
![Page 16: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
RIBOSOME
![Page 17: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)
Function: transports materials ; has ribosomes attached
Found in both plant and animal cells
![Page 18: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)
![Page 19: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)
Function: also transports materials but makes lipids, too; no ribosomes attached; also contains enzymes that perform many tasks, like detoxication of drugs.
Found in both plant and animal cells
![Page 20: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)
![Page 21: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Trivia!
Which organ in the human body often contains large amounts of smooth ER?
![Page 22: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
GOLGI COMPLEX/BODY/APPARATUS
Function: packages and ships products made by the cell
Puts the “finishing touches” on the proteins that are made
Found in both plant and animal cells
![Page 23: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
GOLGI COMPLEX/BODY/APPARATUS
![Page 24: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Trivia!
The scientist who discovered the Golgi Body/complex/apparatus was from what country?
![Page 25: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
LYSOSOME
Function: contains enzymes that digest/recycle cell waste and old organelles that don’t function anymore
Enzymes also break down organic molecules.
Found in animal cells
![Page 26: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
LYSOSOME
![Page 27: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Trivia!
Lysosomes are dysfunctional in this genetic disorder that affects primarily Eastern European Jewish populations.
![Page 28: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
VACUOLE
Function: A space where food,
water , salts, proteins and carbohydrates are stored
Found in both plant and animal cells, but is much larger in plant cells
![Page 29: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
VACUOLE
![Page 30: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
CHLOROPLAST
Function: converts light energy into chemical energy [photosynthesis];
Sunlight + carbon dioxide + water
glucose + oxygen
Found in plant cells
![Page 31: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
CHLOROPLAST
![Page 32: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Trivia!
What is the name of the green pigment found in chloroplasts?
![Page 33: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
MITOCHONDRION(Plural: Mitochondria)
Function: place where food molecules are broken down to release energy that can be used by the cell [cellular respiration]
Glucose + oxygen
carbon dioxide + water + energy (ATP)
Found in both plant and animal cells
![Page 34: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
MITOCHONDRION(Plural: Mitochondria)
![Page 35: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Trivia!
In humans, all or nearly all of our mitochondria come from the cytoplasm of the ___.
![Page 36: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
CYTOSKELETON
Function: provides support for the cell; helps in movement and maintains the cell’s shape. Two types are: microtubules – hollow
tubes; maintains cell shape; helps in cell division
microfilaments – fibers that are not hollow; is a framework that supports cell
Found in both plant and animal cells
![Page 37: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
CYTOSKELETON
![Page 38: PARTS OF A CELL Diagrams in your book are on page 175!](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649da85503460f94a95298/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Trivia!
What 2 organelles mentioned today contain their own DNA?