PARTII: COMPLEX ANIMALSCHAPTER 8
• INVERTEBRATES1. Phylum: Sponges
2. Phylum: Stinging cell
3. Phylum: Flatworm
4. Phylum: Roundworm
5. Phylum: Segmented worms
6. Phylum: Mollusk (soft-bodied)
7. Phylum: Arthropods
• Class– Insecta– Arachnid– Crustacean
8. Phylum: Echinoderms– Starfish
Ch 7 and 8 Outline
• VERTEBRATES1. Phylum: Chordate
• Class
1. Jawless Fish
2. Cartilage Fish
3. Bony Fish
4. Amphibians
5. Reptiles
6. Birds
7. Mammals
1. Arthropods(Jointed-legs)
• Invertebrate• Largest phyla (3/4 of all animals on earth!!)• Exoskeleton
– Segmented body• Head• Thorax• Abdomen
• Bilateral symmetry• Appendages
– Legs, wings, antennae• Grow by molting
1. ArthropodClass: Arachnid
• 8 legs ( 4 pairs)
• No antennae
• 2 body segments
• Spiders, scorpions, ticks
1. ArthropodClass: Insecta
• 6 legs (3 pairs)
• 3 body segments
• 2 pairs of wings (most)
1. ArthropodClass: Crustacea
• Mostly Marine animals
• 2 pairs of Antennae
• 4 pairs of walking legs
• Some...1 pair of “pinchers”
• Crab, lobster, shrimp,
crayfish
Sowbug
Crayfish
2. Spiny-skin animals(a.k.a. Echinoderm)
• Radial symmetry
• “Spines” on skin
• 5-part body
• Tube feet used for
movement, feeding, attachment.
• Example: starfish
Tube feet
Vertebrates *(Chordates)
• Backbone
• Endoskeleton
• Most complex of all animals
• 7 Classes of Vertebrates
1. Jawless Fish
• All aquatic (live in water)• Cold-blooded• Breathe with gills• No jaws• No scales (smooth skin)• No bone
– Made of cartilage
• Ex: Lamprey – parasitic
Lamprey
2. Cartilage Fish
• Skeleton made of Cartilage
• Jaws, scales, and paired fins
• Examples:– Sharks– rays
3. Bony Fish
• Largest class of fish
• Skeletons are made of bone
• Swim bladder– Fills with gas….floats– Empties…sinks
4. Amphibians
• Lives on water and on land (webbed feet)
• Cold-blooded (may hibernate)
• Fertilization in water. Why?
• Breathe = lungs and/or gills, and thru skin
• Can be poisonous…(poison dart frog)
Salamander Tree Frog
5. Reptiles
• Dry scaly skin
• Cold-blooded
• Terrestrial (live and reproduce on land)– Eggs with shell…why important?
• Most have claws
Anaconda killing a crocodile
6. Birds
• Warm blooded
• Wings, beak, 2 legs
• Feathers
• Shelled eggs
• No teeth…beak adapted to food
• Hollow bones– Why important?
Ostrich:
World’s largest bird
7. Mammals
• Warm blooded
• Females : mammary gland
• Hair (whales and dolphins???)
• Develop offspring inside the body, except…– Kangaroo: pouch– Platypus: egg-laying
Examples of mammals...
» How are whales & dolphins different than other mammals? What are their adaptations?
