PA MammalsEnvirothon 2011

Predator

• A predator is an animal that feeds on other animals in order to survive.

• Some examples would be bears, coyotes, snakes

• Some predators can also be prey as well, like sometimes lions eat other lions

• Most of the time predators herbivore

Prey

• Prey are the animals eaten to keep other animals alive.

• More often then not the animals eaten are herbivores.

• Some examples of prey are bunnies, mice, and fish.

Autotrophs v. Heterotrophs

• Autotrophs– Produce food from the

sun

• Heterotroph– Must eat other things

(living or non living) for energy

Carnivore

• Animals that eat meat, mostly other animals that are smaller than they are or less fierce.

• Some examples of carnivores– Bobcats– Coyotes– Owls– Praying mantis

Herbivores

• Herbivores are animals that eat plants and greens such as leaves and grass.

• When herbivores eat it is usually called grazing.

• An example of an herbivore would be a rabbit or goat.

Omnivore

• An omnivore is an animal that eats plants and other animals.

• An example of an omnivore would be a bear because a bear eats berries and fish.

Food Chain

• The food chain is the order in which the animals eat or are eaten.

FOOD CHAINS AND FOOD WEBS - illustrate the flow of energy in an ecosystem

*Note the direction of the arrows: they indicate where the energy is going when

one organism consumes another.

Each step in a chain or web is called a TROPHIC LEVEL

Identify:

Autotroph

Primary Consumers

Secondary Consumers

Tertiary Consumers

Find the Omnivore

Identify• Autotroph

– Two sets of leaves

• Primary consumer– Mouse, cricket, rabbit, squirrel

• Secondary consumer– Fox, mouse, frog, snake

• Tertiary consumer– Fox, owl, snake

• Omnivore– mouse

Ecological Pyramids

Energy PyramidBiomass PyramidPyramid of Numbers

Mammal

• Mammals (formally Mammalia) are a class of vertebrate, air-breathing animals whose females are characterized by the possession of mammary glands while both males and females are characterized by hair and/or fur, three middle ear bones used in hearing, and a neocortex region in the brain. Some mammals have sweat glands, but most do not. Give birth to live young.

Endangered

• Pose a threat to go extinct. • Some endangered animals are

– Gray wolf, Mexican bobcat, West Indian Manatee, and the jaguar.

Extinct

• No longer in existence.• Some animals that are extinct are

– Barbados Raccoon, Bulldog rat, and Dark flying fox.

Why animals go extinct or become endangered.

• Loss of habitat• Low food source • Not enough room to live• Poachers• Pollution• Killed of by other animals• Disease

Major causes of habitat loss in Pa.

• Deforestation • Water pollution• Mining • Logging• Trawling- when boats use nets to catch fish.• Urban sprawl- when cities get bigger• Noise pollution

How we can help.

• Reduce• Reuse• Recycle• Refuse• Car pool• Turn off lights when not in use.• Use energy saving light bulbs.• Reuse unbleached recycled paper.

Adaptations

• Usually related to the food they eat– Teeth– Feet– Muscular system– Eyes/eyesight

Teeth adaptations

1.Human – omnivore

2.Herbivore3.Carnivore4.Carnivore5.Herbivore