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LANDMARK SUPREMECOURT CASES
8th Grade Exit Project
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Exit Project: Case Study of a
Landmark Supreme Court Case
Your project will consist of three main parts
I. Case Study:
a. review the facts of the case
b. discuss the issues presented by the casec. discuss the arguments
d. evaluate the decision made by the Supreme Court.
II. Visual Representation of the Case
III. Presentation of the Case Study
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Brown v. Board of Education, 1954 : JM, AB, AV
Since the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson ruling onseparate but equal facilities, racial
segregation dominated the United States,
especially in the South. In the 1950s
segregated facilities included schools.
Linda Brown and her family believed that racial segregation violated the
fourteenth amendment and took their case to court. Federal district
court decided that because the all-white and all-black schools were
similar that racial segregation was legal. The Browns later appealed
their case to the Supreme Court stating that segregated schoolsviolated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
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Miranda v. Arizona, 1966: JA, LM, JR
In 1963 police in Arizona arrested Ernesto Miranda
for kidnapping. The court found Miranda guilt on
the basis of a signed confession. The police
questioning him did not inform him of his Fifth
Amendment right against self-incrimination, or hisSixth Amendment right to the assistance of an
attorney. Miranda appealed his conviction to the Supreme Court,
claiming the police violated him on the basis of the Fifth Amendment.
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Tinker v. Des Moines, 1969: SV, VM, YS
During the Vietnam War John and Mary
Beth Tinker of Des Moines, Iowa, wore black
armbands to their public school as a symbol
of protest against American involvement in
the Vietnam War. When school authorities
asked that the Tinkers remove their
armbands, they refused and were
subsequently suspended. The students
argued that school officials violated theirFirst Amendment right to free speech.
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Roe v. Wade, 1973: LJ, AC, JJ
Roe v. Wade challenged restrictive abortion
laws in both Texas and Georgia. The suit was
brought in the name of Jane Roe, an alias used
to protect the privacy of the plaintiff. Roe filed
suit against Wade, the district attorney of DallasCounty, arguing the statue on the grounds that
it violated the guarantee of personal liberty
and the right to privacy guaranteed in the First,
Fourth, Fifth, Ninth, and Fourteenth
Amendments.
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New Jersey v. T.L.O., 1985: TM, JC, AR
A New Jersey high school student was
accused of violating school rules by
smoking in the bathroom, leading an
assistant principal to search her purse
for cigarettes. The vice principal
discovered marijuana and other
items that implicated the student in
dealing marijuana. The student tried
to have the evidence from her pursesuppressed, challenging that simple
possession of cigarettes was not a
violation of school rules; therefore, a
desire for evidence of smoking in the
restroom did not justify the search.
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Regents of the U. of California v.
Bakke, 1978: CP & MI
In the early 1970s, the medical school of the
University of California at Davis devised a
dual admissions program to increase
representation of disadvantaged minority
students. Allan Bakke was a white male whoapplied to and was rejected from the
regular admissions program, while minority
applicants with lower grade point averages
and testing scores were admitted under thespecialty admissions program. Bakke filed
suit, stating that the admissions system
violated the Equal Protection Clause and
excluded him on the basis of race.
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Gideon v. Wainwright, 1963: MV, KF, SP
In June 1961, a burglary occurred at the Bay Harbor Pool
Room in Panama City, FL. Police arrested Clarence Earl
Gideon after he was found nearby with a pint of wine and
some change in his pockets. Gideon, who could not afford
a lawyer, asked a Florida Circuit Court judge to appointone for him arguing that the Sixth Amendment entitles
everyone to a lawyer. The judge denied his request and
Gideon was left to represent himself. He did a poor job of
defending himself and was found guilty of breaking and
entering and petty larceny. While serving his sentence in aFlorida state prison, Gideon began studying law, which
reaffirmed his belief his rights were violated when the
Florida Circuit Court refused his request for counsel. From
his prison cell, he handwrote a petition asking the U.S.
Supreme Court to hear his case and it agreed.