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Introduction to EngineeringIntroduction to EngineeringLesson 1.1.4Lesson 1.1.4
What is Technology?What is Technology?
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What is Technology?Technology is comprised of the products and processes created by engineers to meet our needs and wants.
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Technology vs. ScienceTechnology
– Study of our human-made world
– Deals with “what can be”
Science– Study of our
natural world– Deals with “what
is”
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How Does Technology Address Human Needs and Wants?
Transportation
Technology
Medical
Manufacturing
&
Construction
Bio-Related andAgriculture
Nanotechnology
Information Communication
Energy and Power
Environmental
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Information TechnologyInformation Technology allows us to
send signals around the world.
Examples:Television, Internet, satellite, GPS, cell phones
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Impacts of Information Technology
POSITIVE IMPACTS
NEGATIVE IMPACTS
INTERNET Information is stored for easy access
INTERNET Harder to distinguish between reliable and unreliable sources
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Communication Technology
Communication Technology is giving or exchanging information. Examples:
Magazines, DVDs, photography, video games
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Impacts of Communication Technology
POSITIVE IMPACTS NEGATIVE IMPACTS
DIGITAL CAMERAS
Allow you to edit and print only the pictures you like
COMPUTERS, PRINTERS, & DIGITAL CAMERAS
Make forgery and plagiarism easier
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Bio-related Technology
Biotechnology transforms living things into products or new forms of life.Examples: Genetic
engineering, bionics
DNA Replication image from the Human Genome Project
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Impacts of Bio-Related Technology
POSITIVE IMPACTS
NEGATIVE IMPACTS
HEALTH – Improves quality of life, vitamins, vaccines, medications
HEALTH – Side effects of some medications – nausea, shortness of breath, etc.
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Agricultural Technology
Agricultural Technology produces plants and animals for food, fiber, and fuel.
Examples:Irrigation, food preservation, weed and insect control
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Impacts of Agricultural Technology
POSITIVE IMPACTS NEGATIVE IMPACTS
FERTILIZERS – can make plants produce more food per acre
FERTILIZERS – have found their way into ground water, polluting good drinking water
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Medical Technology
Medical Technology creates tools to treat disease and injury.
Examples: Lasers, prostheses, ultrasound, medications
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Impacts of Medical Technology
POSITIVE IMPACTS
NEGATIVE IMPACTS
X-RAYS – Make it easier to diagnose injuries
X-RAYS – Too many x-rays can cause cancer.
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Environmental Technology
Environmental Technology creates tools to minimize the effect of technology on the development of living things.Examples: Hybrid vehicles, conservation, waste
management (recycling)
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Impacts of Environmental Technology
POSITIVE IMPACTS NEGATIVE IMPACTS
RECYCLING – Improves water and air quality
RECYCLING – Disposal of garbage is more complicated and time consuming
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Production TechnologyProduction Technology is the
manufacturing of physical goods on an assembly line and the construction of structures on a job site.
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Manufacturing changes natural or synthetic materials into usable products.Examples: Clothing, vehicles, food
Construction builds structures that support loads and protect us from the environment.Examples: House, bridge, roads
Production Technology
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Impacts of Production Technology
POSITIVE IMPACTS
NEGATIVE IMPACTS
MANUFACTURING –
MANUFACTURING –
CONSTRUCTION – CONSTRUCTION –
New products help to make our life easier and increase leisure time
Many industries use materials that can harm the environment
Provides shelter, improves roads, creates employment opportunities
Noise and debris, traffic problems, accidents and injuries
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The development of materials with outstanding combinations of mechanical, chemical, and electrical properties that make other advances possible.
Examples: Mosquito repellent clothing, artificial skin grafts for burn victims, advanced building materials such as composite decking
Materials Technology
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Impacts of Materials Technology
POSITIVE IMPACTS NEGATIVE IMPACTSNEW MATERIALS
– able to reuse recycled materials to help the environment
NEW MATERIALS – don’t know how the materials will behave over long periods of time.
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Transportation Technology
Transportation Technology Provides a way for people, animals, products, and materials to be moved from one place to the next.Examples:Flight – Airplane, rocket, space shuttleLand – Train, subway, automobile, bicycleWater – Commercial, cruise shipsNon-vehicle – Conveyor belts, pipelines
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Impacts of Transportation Technology
POSITIVE IMPACTS
NEGATIVE IMPACTS
Traveling long distances faster
Accidents
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Energy and Power TechnologyEnergy is the ability or capacity to do work.
Examples:Chemical Energy Gasoline
Mechanical Energy MotionThermal Energy Steam
Electrical Energy ElectricityRadiant Energy Light
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Energy and Power TechnologyPower is the rate at which energy is
transformed from one form to another.Examples:
Electrical power – provides light and operates motorsMechanical power – moves automobiles, trains, and
airplanesFluid power – uses fluids to produce motionHydraulic – uses a liquidPneumatic – uses a gas
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Impacts of Energy and Power Technology
POSITIVE IMPACTS NEGATIVE IMPACTS
Without energy and power, most technologies would not exist or work
Overuse of nonrenewable resources
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Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology is manipulating materials on an atomic or molecular level.
Examples:
Sensors, Nanobot, molecular manufacturing
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Impacts of Nanotechnology
POSITIVE IMPACTS NEGATIVE IMPACTS
IMPLANTED SENSORS IMPLANTED SENSORS
Continuously sense and adjust medical treatment
Impede privacy
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Image Resources
Microsoft, Inc. (2008). Clip Art. Retrieved September 10, 2008, from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/clipart/default.aspx
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). (n.d.). Genesis: Search for origins. Retrieved September 10, 2008, from http://genesismission.jpl.nasa.gov/educate/scimodule/cosmic/ptable.html