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Hawai‘i Wetlands and the Pacific Island Plant
Restoration (PIPR) DatabaseChristopher F. Puttock and Laura M. CragoHCC 2008
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Evolution of the PIPR project 2003 COE workshop provided need 2004 Hawai‘i riparian plant restoration v.1.0
(Crago, Puttock & James) 2005 Hawai‘i riparian plant restoration v.2.0
(Crago, Puttock & James) 2006 W Pacific Island plant restoration v.1.0
(Crago & Phillipson) 2008 Pacific Island plant restoration v.2.0
(Crago & Puttock)
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What’s in the Database I
Scoring of species on life requirements What the plant needs to thrive. Site attributes?
A decision key based on 24 multi-state attributes
Photo © D.A. Polhemus
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What’s in the Database I
Scoring of species on life requirements What the plant needs to thrive. Site attributes?
Scoring of species on restoration project requirements What are your goals? Desired attributes?
A decision key based on 24 multi-state attributes
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What’s in the Database II 155 plant species in the PIPR database 104 are native to Hawai‘i and 22 introduced 91 in Hawai‘i riparian (OBL to FACU) 56 in Hawai‘i wetlands (OBL to FAC)
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What’s in the Database II 155 plant species in the PIPR database 104 are native to Hawai‘i and 22 introduced 91 in Hawai‘i riparian (OBL to FACU) 56 in Hawai‘i wetlands (OBL to FAC)
Basic floristic information (description, distribution, habitat, habitat indicator, images)
Pests and Diseases Soil Reactivity Propagation and Trials Wildlife benefits
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Restoration of Hawaiian Wetlands
Goals of wetland restoration Restoring for control of invasive plants Restoring for Hawaiian (agri)culture Restoring for native plants Restoring for native wildlife
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Restore to this?
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Or restore to this?
Whatever we do it should benefit . . .
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Wetlands for wildlife
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How different are today’s wetlands from the pastPlant biodiversity in HI’s lowland wetlands
Aquatic herbs Ferns Woody plants Dicot herbs Monocot herbs Sedges Grasses
Today20153842163527
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How different are today’s wetlands from the pastPlant biodiversity in HI’s lowland wetlands
Aquatic herbs Ferns Woody plants Dicot herbs Monocot herbs Sedges Grasses
Today20153842163527
1000bp25751
121
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How different are today’s wetlands from the pastPlant biodiversity in HI’s lowland wetlands
Aquatic herbs Ferns Woody plants Dicot herbs Monocot herbs Sedges Grasses
Today20153842163527
1000bp25751
121
2000bp24530121
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How different are today’s wetlands from the pastPlant biodiversity in HI’s lowland wetlands
Aquatic herbs Ferns Woody plants Dicot herbs Monocot herbs Sedges Grasses
Today*20153842163527
1000bp25751
121
2000bp24530121
*~800% increase in wetland plant biodiversity
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So what did Hawai‘i’s prehistoric wetlands really look like?
Typical transect
Mudflats
Sedgeland with few forbs
Loulu or Hala forests
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NativeSedges
LouluHala
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Water table
NativeSedges
LouluHala
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© L.M. Crago
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Cyperus laevigatus
Ps. Makaloa is really good for making mats© L.M. Crago
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Hala woodland on lava
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NO MORE LOULU FOREST
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Restore Kawainui Marsh?
Let’s remove the floating introduced weeds
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Kawainui Lake
Kawainui Wetlands
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Typical modern wetland transect
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Non-native
Native
Non-native
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Why do we treat Loulu like coconut palms
- as feature trees
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A dense planting of Loulu
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Pritchardia martii
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Loulu on Nihoa
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Monotypic stands (forests) of Loulu ~ 100% shade
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Monotypic stands (forests) of Loulu ~ 100% shade
Virtually none left in Hawai‘i
Why? Rapid demise of all Loulu species in Hawai‘i c.1500 yrs bp
Building materials for thatching and posts
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Pritchardia martii
Nutritious fruit (especially for rats)
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To improve the survival for these Loulu …..
© L.M. Crago
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To improve the survival for these Loulu …..
…..try this density
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Playing the PIPR Database Pacific Island 2008 v.2.0 LucID 3 for PC or
Mac (155 species) http://hawaiiconservation.org
Supersedes Hawai‘i Riparian 2005 v.2.0 LucID 2 for PC (103 species) http://hbs.bishopmuseum.org/botany/riparian/
Need Assistance with LucID http://lucidcentral.com
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Acknowledgements Laura Crago (primary author
of the series) Michael Robotham and
Greg Koob (NRCS) Jody Smith (UH, networking) More than 100 field
conservationists from Federal State and private agencies around the Pacific
Mariza Silva (HCA website)
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Hydric soils map
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