Download - HAP - Renesans cz. 1
Renaissance (Part 1)
The Evolving Antiquity
Jacek Wesołowski, IAiU PŁ
Inspired by the Nature
Inspired by the Nature
Inspired by the Antique
Peruzzi (?), Cathedral at Carpi, 1515
Italy: Early Renaissance
Florence
Sta Maria del Fiore
Ospedaledegli Innocenti
San Lorenzo
Palazzo Pitti
Palazzo Uffizzi
Capella Pazzi
Sta Maria Novella
Palazzo Ruccelai
Palazzo Medici-Riccardi
Palazzo Strozzi
P.zza SSAnnunziata
Filippo Brunelleschi: Ospedale degli Innocenti, Florence, 1419+
Filippo Brunelleschi: Ospedale degli Innocenti, Florence, 1419+
Piazza Santisima Annuziata
Ospedale degli InnocentiSS. Annunziata,
facade 1601
Servi di Maria Convent1590
tondos by Andrea della Robbia1490
Filippo Brunelleschi: Chiesa di San Lorenzo, Florence, 1425-60
Sacristia Vecchia
Sacristia Nuova(Michelangelo)
Biblioteca LaurenzianaVestibulo (Michelangelo)
Biblioteca Laurenziana
Filippo Brunelleschi: Chiesa di San Lorenzo,
Florence, 1425-60
Filippo Brunelleschi: San Lorenzo, Old Sacristy
Florence, 1425-60
Filippo Brunelleschi: Chiesa di San Lorenzo, Florence, 1425-60
Michelangelo’s design of the facade
Filippo Brunelleschi (?), Luca della Robbia:
Capella PazziChiesa di S. Croce, Florence, 1429-78
Ospedale degli Innocenti
Filippo Brunelleschi: Dome of Santa Maria del Fiore, (Duomo),
Florence, 1419-36
form designed by Neri de Fioravante in 1367: height 52 m, span 44 m,no external buttresses
frescos: Giorgio Vasari, 1572+
Filippo Brunelleschi: Dome of Santa Maria del Fiore, Florence
4 iron & stone chords
Filippo Brunelleschi (?), Luca della Robbia: Capella PazziChiesa di Santa Croce, Florence, 1429-78
Luca Fancelli (?), Leone B. Alberti (?):
Palazzo Pitti, Florence, 1458+18C wing
18C wing
1618 extension 1631 extension
owned by the Medicis from 1549
changes to Palazzo Pitti, Florence, mid 16C
Bartolommeo Ammanati, main staircase, 1558-70Bartolommeo Ammanati, ‘kneeling window’
changes to Palazzo Pitti, Florence, mid 15C
heavy-banded channelled rustication: B. Ammanati
entrance to Boboli Gdns.: B. Ammanati
Leone Battista Alberti (1404-72): Facade of Santa Maria Novella,
Florence, 1456-70
pattern:San Miniato al Monte,
Florence, 1090++
Leone Battista Alberti (1404-72): San Andrea, Mantua, 1470+
kopuła na skrzyżowaniu
układ kaplicowykorpusu nawowego
Leone Battista Alberti: Chiesa di San Andrea, Mantua, 1470+
Leone Battista Alberti (1404-72): Palazzo Rucellai, Florence, 1460
Leone Battista Alberti (1404-72): Palazzo Rucellai, Florence, 1460
Capella Rucellai, 1467
Florentine urban palace: Palazzo Strozzi, Florence, 1489-1538, Giuliano da Sangallo (the Younger)
Florentine urban palace:
Palazzo Strozzi, Florence, 1489-1538, Giuliano da Sangallo
(the Younger)
Florentine urban palace:
Palazzo Strozzi, Florence, 1489-1538, Giuliano da Sangallo
(the Younger)
Poggio a Caiano (nr Prato), Villa MediciGiuliano da Sangallo (the Younger), 1485+
First, in Modern Times, colonaded portico in residential architecture
Italy: High Renaissance
Urbino, Palazzo Ducale, Cortile – 1468-72, Luciano Laurana
for Duke Federigo da Montefeltro; one of the most elegant Renaissance courtyards, with much influence
Donato Bramante: Rome, Santa Maria della PaceCloisters – 1500-04
first time arch inscribed into a bay of architectural order
Giov. Antonio Amadeo, Donato Bramante (attrib.):
Milan, Santa Maria presso San Satiro, 1476-82
Giov. Antonio Amadeo, Donato Bramante (attrib.):
Milan, Santa Maria presso San Satiro, 1476-82
Bramante’s trompe l'oeil : false persepctive painted on the wall
Donato Bramante (attrib.):
Milan, Santa Maria delle Grazie(White Friars); The Dome – by 1490
Donato Bramante (attrib.): Milan, Santa Maria delle GrazieThe Dome – by 1490
nave: ~1469
Donato Bramante (attrib.):
Milan, Santa Maria delle Grazie (White Friars); The Dome – by 1490
Donato Bramante: Rome, Tempietto, San Pietro in Montorio, 1502?
T r a s t e v e r e
Palladio,Quattro Libri
Donato Bramante: Rome, Basilica di San Pietro, 1506+
1505 – Pope Julius II commissions Bramante the design of a new Basilica
Circus of Nero
Old Basilica: ~330 AD(Emperor Constantine)
Donato Bramante: Rome, Basilica di San Pietro, 1506-13
d
d
d
d
t
tt
t
d
d: domes; t: towers
Rome, Vatican Palace – Cortile del
BelvedereDonato Bramante,
1506+ (altered later)
Villa Belvedere1484-87
Bramante’s screen with exedra
Sixtus V’s wing of the Libraryspoiled the initial
concept
Vatican Palace
Rome, Vatican Palace – Cortile del Belvedere
Donato Bramante, 1506+ (altered later)
Pigna: 1C Roman bronze fountain
Loreto, marble screen of Santa Casa; des.: Donato Bramante
Rome, Palazzo della Cancelleria, 1489-1513, Donato Bramante (attrib.),
drafted masonry (ancient Roman concept)
Rome, ‘House of Raphael’ (Palazzo Caprini)Donato Bramante, 1510+ (n.e.)
Doric columns in pairs on rusticated podium
Raffaello Sanzio, Villa Madama (Rome), 1516+
for Cardinal Giulio de’Medici
conceived to match ancient suburban villas
Raffaello Sanzio, Villa Madama (Rome), 1516+
for Cardinal Giulio de’Medici
built by Antonio da Sangallo the Younger; decorations: Giulio Romano, Baldassare Peruzzi
Raffaello Sanzio: St. Peter’s Basilica (1513)
Baldassarre Peruzzi, Villa Chigi (Farnesina) Rome, 1506-10for Alessandro Chigi (banker), from 1580 belonged to Farnese family
Palazzo Farnese
Villa Chigi (Farnesina)
planned priv
ate b
ridge
(Michelangelo
)
Villa Chigi (Farnesina) Rome
Raphael's frescoes: Cupid and Psyche, and The Triumph of Galatea
1512
Baldassarre Peruzzi, Villa Chigi (Farnesina) Rome, 1506-10
Baldassarre Peruzzi: Sala delle Prospettive (1st floor)
Rome, Palazzo Massimo alla Colonna, Baldasare Peruzzi, 1532-36
Rome, Palazzo Massimo alla Colonna, Baldasare Peruzzi, 1532-36
Rome,
Palazzo Farnese, Antonio
da Sangallo the Younger, 1515+
changes by Michelangelo Buonarroti 1534+
Rome,
Palazzo Farnese, Antonio da
Sangallo the Younger, 1515+
changes by Michelangelo
Buonarroti 1534+
Jacopo Sansovino (1486-1570):
Venice, Biblioteca Marciana, 1537-53 (-60)
Jacopo Sansovino (1486-1570):
Venice, Biblioteca Marciana, 1537-53 (-60)
Jacopo Sansovino (1486-1570):
Venice, Biblioteca Marciana, 1537-53 (-60)
Jacopo Sansovino (1486-1570):
Venice, Loggetta, 1537-40
Jacopo Sansovino (1486-1570):
Venice, Loggetta, 1537-40
Venice, Piazza San Marco
V
NNW
1177 – present size (roughly)completed in the 16C
Venice, Piazza San Marco
St Mark’s Basilica – 1063-94, 13C - narthexBelfry – present form 1514, reb. 1912Logetta (J. Sansovino) – 1549 Doge’s Palace – 1309-1424
Library of Sansovino – 1537+
Procuratie Vecchie – 12C, reb. 16Cdes. by Codussi
Procuratie Nuove – 1586-1640des. by Scamozzi, finished by Longhena
Napoleonic Wing – 1810+des. by G. Sola
V
NNW
Venice, Piazza San Marco
St Mark’s Basilica – 1063-94, 13C - narthexBelfry – present form 1514, reb. 1912Doge’s Palace – 1309-1424
Library of Sansovino – 1537+(V) Procuratie Vecchie – 12C, reb. 16C (N) Procuratie Nuove – 1586-1640(NW) Napoleonic Wing – 1810+
V
NNW
Michele Sanmicheli: Venice, Palazzo Grimani di San Luca, ~1550
Italy: Mannerism
Raffaello Sanzio (1483-1520) Girolamo Mazzola (1503-40)
Renaissance & Mannerism
Renaissance &
Mannerism
Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (1483-1520), The sermon of John the Baptist
Jacopo da Pontormo (1494-1557), Joseph in Egypt
Galeazzo Alessi: Palazzo Marino, Milan, 1557-63
old facade
Galeazzo Alessi: Palazzo Marino, Milan, 1557-63
new facade, 1888-92
Galeazzo Alessi: Palazzo Marino,
Milan, 1557-63
Galeazzo Alessi: Santa Maria in Carignano, Genua, 1522+
first Italiantwin-towered facade
Genua: Strada Nuova and its
Palaces, 1550+; now Via Garibaldi
250m long, 7.5m wide
Genua: Strada Nuova and its Palaces, 1550+; now Via Garibaldi
250m long, 7.5m wide
Palazzo Pallavicini-Cambiaso1558+, B. Cantone
Palazzo Lercari-Parodi1571+
Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria1593+; for Franc. Spinola
Palazzo Podestà, 1559-65; Giov. Batt. Castello il Bergamasco,
Bernardo Cantone
Palazzo Doria-Tursi1565+; Dom. & Giov. Poncello
for Niccolò Grimaldi
Palazzo Bianco1530-40; for Luca Grimaldi
Palazzo Rosso1671-77; Pietro A. Corradifor R. & G. Brignole Sale
Palazzo delle Torrette1716+; Giaccomo Vianofor Giovan Andrea Doria
Palazzo Campanella1562+; Giovanni Poncello
Palazzo Cattaneo Adorno1583-88; for L. & G. Spinola
Palazzo Doria, 1563+, Bernardino Cantone
for G. B. & A. Spinola
Palazzo Carrega Cataldi; 1558-61; Giov. Batt. Castello il Bergamasco,
for Tobia Pallavicino
Palazzo Gambaro, 1558, Bernardo Spazio,
for Pantaleo Spinola
Genua: Strada Nuova
Palazzo CattaneoAdorno, 1588
Palazzo Rosso1571-77
Genua: Palazzo Podestà, Strada Nuova, 1559-65; Giov. Batt. Castello il Bergamasco,
Bernardo Cantone
Genua: Palazzo Doria-Tursi, Strada Nuova,
1565+; Dom. & Giov. Poncello
Mantua: Palazzo Ducale & Palazzo del Tè, Giulio Romano
Palazzo Ducale
Palazzo del Te
Mantua: Palazzo Ducale (Gonzaga Family), Cortile della Cavallerizza
1556, Giulio Romano
Mantua: Palazzo del Te, 1524-34, Giulio Romano
Mantua: Palazzo del Te, 1524-34, Giulio Romano
Mantua: Palazzo del Te, 1524-34, Giulio Romano
Mantua: Palazzo del Te, 1524-34, frescos by Benedetto Pagni, Rinaldo Mantovano
Mantua: Palazzo del Te, 1524-34,
frescos by Benedetto Pagni, Rinaldo Mantovano
Mantua: Palazzo del Te, 1524-34, frescos by Benedetto Pagni, Rinaldo Mantovano
Giorgio Vasari: Palazzo Uffizi, Florence, 1560-81finished by Alfonso Parigi and Bernardo Buontalenti
Giorgio Vasari: Palazzo Uffizi, Florence, 1560-81finished by Alfonso Parigi and Bernardo Buontalenti
Giorgio Vasari:
Palazzo Uffizi, Florence, 1560-81
finished by Alfonso Parigi and Bernardo Buontalenti
Giorgio Vasari: corridor to Palazzo Pitti, Florence, 1560+
Giorgio Vasari: corridor to Palazzo Pitti, Florence, 1560+
Rome: Villa Medici, 1564-78, Annibale Lippi, Bartolomeo Ammanati for Ferdinando I de’Medici
Rome: Villa Borghese Pinciana, 1613-16, Flaminio Ponzio for Card. Scipione Borghese
Rome, two palaces
Palazzo Farnese, 1515+,Antonio da Sangallo
High Renaissance
Palazzo Spada, 1540,Bartolomeo Baronino (arch.), Giulio Mazzoni (stucco)Mannerism
Florence, Palazzo Vecchio: Renaissance ceilings
15C coffer pattern
Sala dei Gigli
Florence, Palazzo Vecchio:
Renaissance ceilings16C caisson patterns
Salone dei Cinquecento, 1494+
Sala di Leone X, 1555+, G. Vasari
Sala di Ercole, 1555+,
G. Vasari
Florence, Palazzo Vecchio: 16C stucco
Treasury of Cosimo I, 1559-61
Florence, Palazzo Vecchio: 16C Grottesque decorations
1555+, Marco de Faenza 1565, Cortile de Michelozzo
Italy: Between Mannerism & Baroque
Michelangelo Buonarroti(1475-1564)
Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564)
• Beauty is the mission of Art, taking pattern from the nature is only a means
• the beauty of Nature does not imply the necessity of following it• not everything is beautiful in Nature, the artist must take a choice
(artist can complement the Beauty of Nature because he can use the pattern he cherishes in his mind)
• human eyes desire to see what they haven’t seen, and what they think cannot exist; this provides variety and rest to thoughts
• if, what happens rarely, great painter creates the piece which seems artificial and false – this false is the Truth
• Art is the matter of brain and eye, not of hand• Art shows not Nature, but the Vision of the Artist (INTELLETTO)• The test of Art is not specific Rules, but individual judgement of the
eye (GIUDIZIO DEL OCCHIO)
Rebellion against the Classicism: TERRIBILITÀ – sense of loneliness, fear
Michelangelo Buonarroti: drawings
The Anger
The Battle at Carsina
Michelangelo Buonarroti: sculpture
Pietà (1550+)David (1501)
Moses
Michelangelo Buonarroti: Capella Sistina
1508-12
Michelangelo Buonarroti: Capella Sistina
1508-12
Division of Light and Darkness
Creation of Sun and Moon
Michelangelo Buonarroti: Capella Sistina 1508-12
Division of Water and Earth
Michelangelo Buonarroti: Capella Sistina 1508-12
Creation of Adam
Michelangelo Buonarroti: Capella Sistina 1508-12
Creation of Eve
Michelangelo Buonarroti: Capella Sistina 1508-12
Original Sin
Michelangelo
Buonarroti: Capella Sistina
1508-12
The Last Judgment
Florence
Sta Maria del Fiore
Ospedaledegli Innocenti
San Lorenzo
Palazzo Pitti
Palazzo Uffizzi
Capella Pazzi
Sta Maria Novella
Palazzo Ruccelai
Palazzo Medici-Riccardi
Palazzo Strozzi
P.zza SSAnnunziata
Michelangelo: Capella di Medici, Biblioteca Laurenziana, Chiesa di San Lorenzo, Florence, 1524-59+
Sacristia Nuova(Capella di Medici)
Biblioteca LaurenzianaVestibulo
Biblioteca Laurenziana
Michelangelo: Biblioteca Laurenziana, Chiesa di San Lorenzo, Florence, 1524-59+
Michelangelo: Biblioteca Laurenziana, Vestibulo, Chiesa di San Lorenzo, Florence, 1520-34
Michelangelo: Biblioteca Laurenziana, Vestibulo, Chiesa di San Lorenzo, Florence, 1520-34
Michelangelo: Biblioteca Laurenziana, Vestibulo, Chiesa di San Lorenzo, Florence, 1520-34
Michelangelo: Biblioteca Laurenziana, Vestibulo, Chiesa di San Lorenzo, Florence, 1520-34
Michelangelo: Capella di Medici (Sagrestia Nuova), Chiesa di San Lorenzo, Florence, 1524-59+
Michelangelo:
Capella di Medici (Sagrestia Nuova), Chiesa di San Lorenzo,
Florence, 1520-34
Michelangelo: Capella di Medici (Sagrestia Nuova), Chiesa di San Lorenzo, Florence, 1520-34
Night
Michelangelo: Capella di Medici
(Sagrestia Nuova), Chiesa di San Lorenzo,
Florence, 1520-34
Lorenzo de Medici, Duke of Urbino
Rome, Piazza del CampidoglioMichelangelo Buonarroti 1536-46
Rome, Piazza del CampidoglioMichelangelo Buonarroti 1536-46
Rome, Piazza del Campidoglio, Palazzo dei ConservatoriMichelangelo Buonarroti
Rome, Piazza del CampidoglioMichelangelo Buonarroti 1536-46
Palazzo dei Conservatori1561-84
Palazzo Nouvo1603-54
Palazzo del Senatore1600++
Michelangelo: Porta Pia, Rome, 1560
sources or independent evolution?
↑↑ Baalbek (ancient Heliopolis), Lebanon; AD 1C – 3C, Great Court, Temple of Bacchus
← Petra, Jordan; Treasury; AD 1C-2C
Michelangelo: Capella Sforza, Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore, Rome 1560-73, built by Giaccomo della Porta
Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano, Romepost-Bramante changes
Michelangelo: Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano, Rome, 1546-64, finished by Giaccomo della Porta
Michelangelo: Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano, Rome, 1546-64
Michelangelo: Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano, Rome, 1546-64
Michelangelo: Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano, Rome, 1546-64
Michelangelo: Basilica San Pietro in Vaticano, Rome, 1546-64, finished by Giaccomo della Porta
150m
Michelangelo: Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano, Rome, 1546-64, finished by Giaccomo della Porta
span 42m, height with lantern 137m
Michelangelo: Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano, Rome, 1546-64, finished by Giaccomo della Porta
Michelangelo: Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano, Rome, 1546-64
Michelangelo: Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano, Rome, 1546-64
seen from Palazzo Quirinale
Italy: Late Mannerism
Jacopo Barozzi da Vignola (1507-73)
cornice
Jacopo Barozzi da Vignola (1507-73): Palazzo Farnese, Caprarola1530-47: Antonio da Sangallo il Giovane
1547-65: Il Vignola
Jacopo Barozzi da Vignola (1507-73): Palazzo Farnese, Caprarola1530-47: Antonio da Sangallo il Giovane; 1547-65: Il Vignola
Jacopo Barozzi da Vignola (1507-73): Villa Giulia, Rome, 1550+for Pope Julius III
nympheum and garden structures by B. Ammanati
Jacopo Barozzi da Vignola (1507-73): Villa Giulia, Rome, 1550+
Bartolomeo Ammanati, Villa Giulia, Rome: Nympheum, 1550+
Il Vignola (1507-73):
Chiesa di Sant’Anna dei Palafrenieri, Rome, ~1570
first church on oval plan
palafrenieri = sediari pontifici
Jacopo Barozzi da Vignola (1507-73): Chiesa del Gesù, Rome, 1568-80
Jacopo Barozzi da Vignola (1507-73): Chiesa del Gesù, Rome, 1568-80
Jacopo Barozzi da Vignola (1507-73): Chiesa del Gesù, Rome, 1568-80
Glory of the Mystical Lamb; Baciccia, 1670s
Jacopo Barozzi da Vignola (1507-73): Chiesa del Gesù, Rome, 1568-80
Jacopo Barozzi da Vignola (1507-73):
Chiesa del Gesù, Rome, 1568-80
Trionfo del Nome di Gesù, Giovan Battista Gaulli (Baciccio)1670s
Giacomo della Porta:
Chiesa del Gesù, Rome, 1568-80
Facade
also main vault, dome and apse
Late Renaissance
Andrea Palladio (1508-80)
I Quattro Libri dell'Architettura, Venice, 1570
Vicenza, arcades at Palazzo della Ragione (Basilica); Andrea Palladio, 1554-1612
red: as shown inQuattro Libri…
black: as executed
Vicenza, arcades at Palazzo della Ragione (Basilica); Andrea Palladio, 1554-1612
1222 1450hall 22x50mDomenico da Venezia
1554+1481
Vicenza, arcades at Palazzo della Ragione (Basilica); Andrea Palladio, 1554-1612
Vicenza,
Palazzo ChiericatiAndrea Palladio
1550
Vicenza,
Palazzo ThieneAndrea Palladio
1556-58
Roman wallas inspirationfor rustication
Vicenza,
Palazzo ThieneAndrea Palladio
1556-58
Roman Houseas pattern
for city mansion’splan
Vicenza, Palazzo ValmaranaAndrea Palladio, 1566
Roman wall as inpirationfor giant order
Vicenza, Palazzo Valmarana, Andrea Palladio, 1566
Vicenza, Loggia del Capitanio
Andrea Palladio, 1571
Roman Triumphal Archas inspiration
for mayor’s loggia
Palladio’s Villas in Veneto
Villa Pisani, Montagnana nr Padua, ~1552; Andrea Palladioin Quattro Libri…
classical deities
Palladio’s Villasin Veneto1542
1559
~1552
1565
1558
Villa Badoer, Fratta Polesine nr Ferrara
Andrea Palladio, 1554-63
Villa Almerico-Capra (Villa Rotonda), Vicenza, 1567-91+; Andrea Palladiofor Paolo Almerico, a retired papal secretary; compl. by Vicenzo Scamozzi
classical deities
Villa Capra (Villa Rotonda),Vicenza, 1567-91+
Andrea Palladio
Nfrescoes by Alessandro and Giovanni Battista Maganza, Anselmo Canera
Venice,
Chiesa San Giorgio MaggioreAndrea Palladio, 1565-~1611
Venice, Chiesa Il Redentore; Andrea Palladio, 1577-92
Venice, Chiesa Il RedentoreAndrea Palladio, 1577-92
Venice, Chiesa Il RedentoreAndrea Palladio, 1577+
Post-Palladianism:
Verona, Gran Guardia, e17C+, Domenico Curtoni
French Renaissance
French Renaissance
Valois d’Orléans• Louis XII (le Père du Peuples) 1498-1515 Valois d’Angoulême• François Ier (le Roi Chevalier) 1515-47• Henri II 1547-59 persecution of Protestants x Catherine de' Medici
• François II 1559-60 son of Henri II
• Charles IX 1560-74 son of Henri II Massacre de Saint-Barthélemy
23/24 Aug 1572 • Henri III 1574-89 son of Henri II King of Poland 1573-75
Bourbon• Henri IV le Grand 1589-1610 Edict of Nantes 1598
• Louis XIII le Juste 1610-43• Louis XIV le Grand (le Roi Soleil) 1643-1715
Renaissance
reli
gio
us
war
s
Paris: Église Saint-Eustache, 1532-1637
Facade: 1754+
Paris: Église Saint-Eustache, 1532-1637
Paris: Église Saint-Eustache, 1532-1637
Paris: Église Saint-Eustache, 1532-1637
Paris: Église Saint-Étienne-du-Mont, 1494+
jubé 1530-35
facade – 1610+
Château de Blois
Gothic wing1498-1503for Louis XII
Renaissance wing1515-24
by Domenico da Cortonafor François Ier
Baroque (Classicist) wing1635+
by François Mansart for Louis XIII
Château de Blois, Renaissance Wing, 1515-24, Domenico da Cortona
Château de Blois, Renaissance Wing, 1515-24, Domenico da Cortona
Château de Chenonceau 1515-27 Philibert de l’Orme
bridge built by Diane de Poitiers >1547gallery built by Catherine de' Medici 1577
Château de Chenonceau 1515-27, ext. 1577
Château de Chenonceau 1515-27; Philibert de l’Orme for Thomas Bohier
Château de Chambord 1515-47 for François Ire; Domenico da Cortona? Philibert de l’Orme?
Château de Chambord 1515-47 for François Ire; Domenico da Cortona? Philibert de l’Orme?
Château de Chambord 1515-47
for François Ire; Domenico da Cortona?
Philibert de l’Orme?
double-spiral staircase
Château de Fontainebleau
Porte Dorée
Château de Fontainebleaufor François Ire, built by Gilles le Breton
Porte Dorée
Château de Fontainebleau
Porte Dorée
multi-centred arch / arc en anse de panier
Château de Fontainebleaufor François Ire, built by Gilles le Breton
Château de Fontainebleau – Galerie Henri II
„The School of
Fontainebleau”
„The School of Fontainebleau” Galerie François Ier
Scrollwork / Rollwerk
timber cladding: Scibeco da Carpiapaintings: Rosso (it.)
Chambord, Fontainebleau - details
Château de Bury, 1511-14 (n.e.)Florimond Robertet, ministre des rois Charles VIII, Louis XII et François Ier
the pattern for modern residence
towards Classical regularity
Château d'Ancy-le-Franc (Burgundy), 1546+; plan: Sebastiano Serlio,
built by Pierre Lescot?
towards Classical regularity
Jacques Perret:Architectura et perspectiva. Paris 1601:
"Des fortifications et artifices d'architecture et de perspective".
Paris, Hôtel Carnavalet, 1548-60 (1st phase)
Pierre Lescot, for Jacques de Ligneris
rebuilt and extended by F. Mansart, ~1650
Paris: Palais des Tuileries, 1564+for Catherine de Médicis Galerie du bord de l'eau, 1607-10,
Jacques II Androuet du Cerceau Palais du Louvre
Paris: Louvre, „le Grand Dessein”: Cour Carréedes.: Jacques Lemercier, 1624
P. Lescot, 1579
pavillon de l'horloge (L XIII; J. Lemercier)
imitation of Lescot’s wing (L XIII; J. Lemercier)
L. Le Vau (L XIV)
western wing
eastern wing
Paris: Louvre, new wing by Pierre Lescot, 1546-51sculpture: Jean Goujon
Paris: Hôtel de Ville, 1533-1628Domenico da Cortona (Boccador)
place de grève
Paris, Place Royale (Place des Vosges)
Paris, Place Royale (Place des Vosges)
140 m x 140 mHenry IV; 1605-12Jean-Baptiste du Cerceau?
equestrian statue of Louis XIIIgarden since c1680
Paris, Place Royale (Place des Vosges)
Paris, Place Dauphine
1609+
Paris, Place Dauphine
statue of Henry IV
French Renaissance - theory
• Leonardo da Vinci spent last years of his life in France, invited by King François Ire
• Sebastiano Serlio stayed in France 1545-47; his „Sixth Book on Architecture” was conceived as a handbook for French builders
• Philibert de l’Orme (1510-70) – published: Les Nouvelles Inventions pour bien bastir et a petits frais, Paris, 1561; Le Premier Tome de l'Architecture, Paris, 1567, 1576
• Jacques Ier Androuet du Cerceau (1515-85) – published nine treatises on architecture, i.e.
Livre d’architecture … contenant les plans & dessaings de cinquante bastimens tous differens… , Paris, 1559;
Petit traitte des cinq ordres de colomnes, Paris, 1583
Spanish Renaissance1469: marriage of Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon Sicily, Naples and Valencia
(los Reyes Católicos)
1478: introduction of Inquisition;expulsion of Jews and Muslims1492: capture of Granada,end of Reconquista 1492: Columbus in America
1504-06 Felipe I Habsburg (in Castile)1508-16 Regency of Ferdinand in Castile (reign of Juana la Loca)
1516-55 Carlos I (Karl V) Habsburg
1555-98 Felipe II Habsburg
1598-1621 Felipe III Habsburg
~1360
1580-1640: personal union with Portugal
Mudéjar Style
Seville, Casa de Pilatos (urban mansion), ~1520+
Sintra (Portugal), Royal Palace, Chapel, ~1520+
Gothic Plateresco Style (Isabeline Style 1480-1504)
Valladolid, Iglesia de San Pablo, 1486-92 Burgos, Capilla del Condestable, 1482-94
Salamanca, University, 1514-29 Seville, Casa de Ayuntamiento, 1527-64
Renaissance Plateresco Style (1504-60)
end of Plateresco StyleSeville, Casa de Ayuntamiento, (1527-64)
Granada, Capilla Real, 1505-17, Enrique Egas
Granada, La Curia (Bishop’s Palace)
Plateresco Style &
Italian Renaissance(Granada)
Granada Cathedral (c1520 – c1670)
Gothic plan, Renaissance – early Baroque structure, Baroque fittings
16C architect: Diego de Siloé
unique circular chancel,influenced by Renaissance esthetics
Spanish Mannerism
Iglesia de Inmaculada Concepción de María (Hieronymite Church) Granada, 1504++, Jacopo Torni, Diego de Siloé
Granada, Palace of Charles V, 1527+, Pedro Machuca
Granada, Palace of Charles V, 1527+, Pedro Machuca
Granada, Palace of Charles V, 1527+, Pedro Machuca
El Real Monasterio de El Escorial (1562-82)the Augustines’ monastery and palace of Philip II
Juan Bautista de Toledo (Giovanni Battista de Alfonsis),Juan de Herrera (from 1567)
COLLEGE
Monasterio de El Escorial (1562-82)
Juan Bautista de Toledo,finished by Juan de Herrera
PALACE
MONASTERYPatio de los Reyes
Patio de las
Evangelistas
Library (1st floor)
King’s bedroom
Monasterio de El Escorial (1562-82) – the dome
Monasterio de El Escorial (1562-82) – north elevation
Monasterio de El Escorial (1562-82) – west elevation
Monasterio de El Escorial (1562-82) - main gate
Monasterio de El Escorial (1562-82)Patio de los Reyes
main gate with the library
one of the gangways
Monasterio de El Escorial (1562-82)
one of the inner courts
one of the external doors
Monasterio de El Escorial (1562-82) - library
Monasterio de El Escorial (1562-82)
Gallery of Battles
Monasterio de El Escorial (1562-82) - palace
King’s bedroom
Monasterio de El Escorial (1562-82) – Iglesia de San Lorenzo
flat dome in the narthex
Monasterio de El Escorial (1562-82), The Church
El Real Monasterio de El Escorial (1562-82)