Download - Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane Gloucester
Hallmark Hotel, Matson LaneGloucester
Archaeological Evaluation
October 2013
for
Persimmon Severn Valley
CA Project: 4524 CA Report: 13584
Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane
Gloucester
Archaeological Evaluation
CA Project: 4524 CA Report: 13584
prepared by Ray Holt, Project Officer
date 8 October 2013
checked by Laurent Coleman, Principal Fieldwork Manager
date 8 October 2013
approved by Cliff Bateman, Principal Fieldwork Manager
signed
date 8 October 2013
issue 02
This report is confidential to the client. Cotswold Archaeology accepts no responsibility or liability to any third party to whom this report, or any part of it, is made known. Any such party relies upon this report entirely
at their own risk. No part of this report may be reproduced by any means without permission.
© Cotswold Archaeology
Cirencester Milton Keynes Andover Building 11 Unit 4 Office 49
Kemble Enterprise Park Cromwell Business Centre Basepoint Business Centre Kemble, Cirencester Howard Way, Newport Pagnell Caxton Close, Andover Gloucestershire, GL7 6BQ MK16 9QS Hampshire, SP10 3FG t. 01285 771022 t. 01908 218320 t. 01264 326549 f. 01285 771033
© Cotswold Archaeology
1
Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester: Archaeological Evaluation
CONTENTS
SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................ 2
1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 3
The site ................................................................................................................ 3
Archaeological background .................................................................................. 4
Archaeological objectives .................................................................................... 4
Methodology ........................................................................................................ 5
2. RESULTS (FIGS 2-4) .......................................................................................... 6
The finds .............................................................................................................. 8
3. DISCUSSION ....................................................................................................... 8
4. CA PROJECT TEAM ........................................................................................... 9
5. REFERENCES .................................................................................................... 9
APPENDIX A: CONTEXT DESCRIPTIONS ..................................................................... 11
APPENDIX B: OASIS REPORT FORM ............................................................................ 14
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Fig. 1 Site location plan (1:25,000)
Fig. 2 Trench location plan showing archaeological features (1:1000)
Fig. 3 Trench 1: plan, section and photograph (1:20)
Fig. 4 Trench 9: plan, section and photograph (1:20)
© Cotswold Archaeology
2
Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester: Archaeological Evaluation
SUMMARY
Project Name: Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane
Location: Gloucester
NGR: SO 8510 1520
Type: Evaluation
Date: 23 September to 2 October 2013
Planning Reference: Gloucester City Council Ref. 12/01098/FUL
Location of Archive: Gloucester City Museum and Art Gallery
Site Code: HHN 13
An archaeological evaluation was undertaken by Cotswold Archaeology in September and
October 2013 at the Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester. A total of fifteen trenches and
two test pits was excavated.
A shallow ditch and possible pit in the central part of the site, both artefactually undated,
characterise the earliest identified phase of land use, the ditch perhaps representing a land
boundary and the pit indicative of either domestic or other cultural activity.
The remains of furrows of probable medieval and/or post-medieval date were identified in
the central part of the site.
A rubble surface in the western part of the site corresponds with a north/south orientated
trackway leading to Matson House depicted on the First Edition Ordnance Survey map of
1890. Two broadly contemporary pits to the south of the trackway are probably agricultural in
origin and probably relate to the nearby Larkham Farm.
Modern dumped deposits covered much of the site and related to landscaping of the site
during construction of the golf driving range and hotel in the 1970s.
© Cotswold Archaeology
3
Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester: Archaeological Evaluation
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 In September and October 2013 Cotswold Archaeology (CA) carried out an
archaeological evaluation for Persimmon Severn Valley at the Hallmark Hotel,
Matson Lane, Gloucester (centred on NGR: SO 8510 1520; Fig. 1). The evaluation
was undertaken to fulfil part of a condition (no. 10) of planning consent (Gloucester
City Council Ref. 12/01098/FUL), granted for the demolition of existing buildings and
structures, and erection of 58 new dwellings.
1.2 The evaluation was carried out in accordance with a detailed Written Scheme of
Investigation (WSI) produced by CA (2013) and approved by Andrew Armstrong,
City Archaeologist, Gloucester City Council. The fieldwork also followed the
Standard and guidance for archaeological field evaluation (IfA 2009), the Statement
of Standards and Practices Appropriate for Archaeological Fieldwork in
Gloucestershire (GCC 1995), the Management of Archaeological Projects (English
Heritage 1991) and the Management of Research Projects in the Historic Environment
(MORPHE): Project Manager’s Guide (English Heritage 2006). It was monitored by
Andrew Armstrong, including site visits on 25 and 30 September 2013.
The site
1.3 The proposed development area encloses an area of approximately 1.95ha, and
comprised an area of land to the south-east (rear) of the Hallmark Hotel complex. It
was occupied by a disused golf driving range and a tarmac car park. The site is
bounded by the Hallmark Hotel complex and playing fields. The current evaluation
area excluded the small area covered by the footprint of the extant driving range
building. The site is located at the foot of Robinswood Hill and slopes gently
downward from west (60.5m AOD) to east (51.3m AOD).
1.4 The underlying bedrock geology of the area is mapped as Blue Lias Formation and
Charmouth Mudstone Formation formed in the Jurassic and Triassic Periods (BGS
2013). Clays interspersed with gravel patches were revealed in all of the trenches.
© Cotswold Archaeology
4
Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester: Archaeological Evaluation
Archaeological background
1.5 An archaeological desk-based assessment (CA 2012) of the site has been carried
out and reference to that document should be made for a full archaeological
background. However, the results of that study are summarised below.
1.6 The site does not contain any known archaeological remains of significance, where
this has been recognised through inclusion on either the Gloucestershire HER or the
Gloucester HER. A Grade II Listed building, Matson Country Club, is located to the
west of the site. Ridge and furrow earthworks, of medieval and/or post-medieval
date, have been identified within the site from aerial photographs, however these
had been partially obscured by earth-moving associated with the construction of the
golf range and embanking in the eastern part of the site.
1.7 There is evidence for later prehistoric and Roman occupation within the area
surrounding the site. This includes a possible prehistoric long barrow (recorded c.
1800) at the summit of Robinswood Hill. The site lies c. 3.5km to the south-east of
the Roman town of Gloucester and a road (the Portway), extending south-east from
the town, lay to the north-east of the site. A possible polygonal wayside shrine
adjacent to this road was excavated in 1976-9 and is located 500m to the east of the
site. Evidence of a Roman farmstead (dating to the 1st century AD) and a later villa
(dating to the 2nd to 3rd centuries AD) was identified 400m to the north of the site
during an archaeological watching brief undertaken in 1996. Activity at this site
appeared to continue into Saxon period.
1.8 The majority of the known archaeological sites, monuments and findspots that are
recorded within the vicinity of the site relate to the origins and development of the
wider landscape from the medieval period onwards. These included moated
enclosures and other historic buildings, including St Katherine’s Church, as well as
areas of former open field agriculture. The presence of ridge and furrow within the
site, visible on historic aerial photographs, illustrates that it was formerly cultivated.
Archaeological objectives
1.9 The objectives of the evaluation are to provide information about the archaeological
resource within the site, including its presence/absence, character, extent, date,
integrity, state of preservation and quality. In accordance with the Standard and
guidance for archaeological field evaluation (IfA 2009), the evaluation has been
designed to be minimally intrusive and minimally destructive to archaeological
© Cotswold Archaeology
5
Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester: Archaeological Evaluation
remains. The information gathered will enable Gloucester City Council to identify
and assess the particular significance of any heritage asset, consider the impact of
the proposed development upon it, and to avoid or minimise conflict between the
heritage asset’s conservation and any aspect of the development proposal, in line
with the National Planning Policy Framework (DCLG 2012).
Methodology
1.10 The fieldwork comprised the excavation of 15 trenches in the locations shown on the
attached plan (Fig. 2). Trenches 3, 5-15 and 17 measured 25m in length and 1.8m
wide, Trench 1 measured 12m in length and 1.8m wide, Trench 4 measured 20m in
length and 1.8m wide, and two Test Pits (Test Pits 1 and 2) measured 2.5m in
length and 2.5m in width. Trench 2 was replaced by the two Test Pits and the layout
of Trenches 1, 4, 5 and 8 were varied from those agreed in the WSI due to buried
services, Trench 15 was moved to target a proposed attenuation tank and Trench 16
was not excavated due to the presence of a thick deposit of modern overburden.
Trenches 14, 15 and 17 were stepped due to the presence of the thick deposit of
modern overburden. All of the variations to the original WSI were discussed with,
and approved by, Andrew Armstrong. Trenches were set out on OS National Grid
(NGR) co-ordinates using Leica GPS and surveyed in accordance with CA
Technical Manual 4 Survey Manual (2012).
1.11 All trenches were excavated by mechanical excavator equipped with a toothless
grading bucket. All machine excavation was undertaken under constant
archaeological supervision to the top of the first significant archaeological horizon or
the natural substrate, whichever was encountered first. Where archaeological
deposits were encountered they were excavated by hand in accordance with CA
Technical Manual 1: Fieldwork Recording Manual (2007).
1.12 Deposits were assessed for their palaeoenvironmental potential in accordance with
CA Technical Manual 2: The Taking and Processing of Environmental and Other
Samples from Archaeological Sites (2003) and no deposits were identified that
required sampling. All artefacts recovered were processed in accordance with
Technical Manual 3 Treatment of Finds Immediately after Excavation (1995).
1.13 The archive and artefacts from the evaluation are currently held by CA at their
offices in Kemble. Subject to the agreement of the legal landowner the artefacts will
be deposited with Gloucester City Museum and Art Gallery along with the site
© Cotswold Archaeology
6
Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester: Archaeological Evaluation
archive. A summary of information from this project, set out within Appendix B, will
be entered onto the OASIS online database of archaeological projects in Britain.
2. RESULTS (FIGS 2-4)
2.1 This section provides an overview of the evaluation results; detailed summaries of
the recorded contexts are to be found in Appendices A. The interventions in the car
park and driving range are presented separately.
Car Park (Trench 1, Test Pits 1 and 2)
2.2 A similar sequence of deposits was revealed across the car park in Trench 1 and
Test Pits 1 and 2. The natural substrate (006, 025 and 107) was revealed at a depth
of between 1.2m and 2.5m bpgl (below present ground level) and consisted of
mottled yellow-grey lias clay. Overlying the natural clay, mid greenish grey clay
subsoil (005, 024 and 106) measured up to 0.15m thick. This subsoil was in turn
overlain by dark greenish grey topsoil (004, 023 and 104) measuring 0.1m thick
which contained 19th century pottery and tile (not recovered).
2.3 Modern made ground (003, 022, 102 and 103) consisting of clay and building rubble
overlay the topsoil, and varied between 0.6m to 2.1m in thickness. The made ground
was overlain by a limestone hardcore layer (002, 021 and 101), representing the
bedding for the subsequent tarmac car park surface (001, 020 and 100).
2.4 Archaeological features consisting of a rubble surface and two pits were revealed in
Trench 1 and are discussed below. No archaeological features were identified in
Test Pits 1 and 2.
Trench 1 (Figs 2 & 3)
2.5 The features described below were all cut into subsoil 106, from which was
recovered a staddle stone most likely dating from the 17th to 19th centuries, and
sealed by topsoil 104 suggesting they are broadly contemporary.
2.6 At the eastern end of Trench 1, rubble surface 045/105 consisted of compacted
angular limestone fragments set in a clay matrix. The surface was 0.1m thick and
corresponded with a north/south orientated trackway depicted on the First Edition
Ordnance Survey map of 1890.
© Cotswold Archaeology
7
Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester: Archaeological Evaluation
2.7 Square pit 111 was revealed to the west of surface 045. Measuring 0.75m x 0.7m in
plan with vertical sides and a flat base, it contained a single artefactually-sterile silty
clay fill, 110. Pit 113, revealed 1.5m to the west, had a similar square form and
contained a single undated silty clay fill 112.
Driving Range (Trenches 3-15 and 17)
2.8 A fairly consistent sequence of deposits was revealed across the golf driving range.
Natural substrate, consisting of clays with gravel patches, was revealed in all of the
trenches at a depth of between 0.5m and 3m bpgl. This was sealed by silty clay
subsoil measuring up to 0.75m thick and subsequently a clayey silt topsoil
measuring up to 0.4m thick. A sondage (Fig. 2) was machine excavated at the
southern end of Trench 14 to investigate a potential change in the natural substrate.
This revealed the natural clay had become discoloured probably indicating wet
conditions. Similar discolouration was identified in Trench 17.
2.9 Deposits consistent with modern landscaping of the driving range were revealed
overlying the topsoil at the western extent (Trenches 3, 4, and 5) and eastern extent
(Trenches 12-15 and 17) of the driving range. These consisted of redeposited clays
and building debris up to 1.9m in thickness sealed by imported topsoil averaging
0.1m thick.
2.10 The stratigraphically earliest archaeological features, consisting of a ditch and a
possible pit, were revealed in Trench 9 and are discussed below.
2.11 Furrows were revealed in Trenches 3, 5-11 and 17. The furrows were primarily
aligned broadly east/west in the western part of the driving range and north-
east/south-west in the eastern part. They all appeared to cut the lower portion of the
subsoil. The orientations of the furrows were consistent with topographic
depressions visible in the central portion of the site (an area that was devoid of
modern landscaping). The differing orientation of the furrows perhaps suggests two
phases of activity; however no stratigraphic relationship between the furrows could
be ascertained during the archaeological works.
2.12 No features were identified in Trenches 4 and 13, modern services were revealed in
Trenches 3, 4, 6, 11 and 13, and tree throws in Trenches 10 and 12.
© Cotswold Archaeology
8
Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester: Archaeological Evaluation
Trench 9 (Figs 2 & 4)
2.13 Ditch 903 was revealed in the eastern half of Trench 9. Orientated north-west/south-
east with almost vertical sides and a flat, slightly irregular base. It measured 1.02m
in width, 0.15m in depth and contained a single artefactually-sterile clay fill 902 (Fig.
4, section BB and photograph).
2.14 To the west of ditch 903, irregular sub rectangular pit 906 measured 1.15m in width,
in excess of 1.04m in length and 0.18m in depth (Fig. 4). The irregular sides and
base of this feature initially suggested a biological origin; however the charcoal
content of the silty clay fill 905 perhaps suggested an archaeological origin.
2.15 Both ditch 903 and pit 906 cut the natural substrate, 904, and were subsequently
sealed by subsoil, 901, suggesting they stratigraphically pre-date the furrows
discussed above.
The finds
Registered artefact 1
2.16 A large plano-convex stone object (520mm diam. x 110mm) from subsoil 106 is
identifiable as a staddle stone of the type in use from the 15th centuries and later
(Lake 1989, 25). Mushroom-shaped staddle stones were used to elevate timber-
framed granaries, the overhang a measure to deter vermin. The staddle stone is
made in a shelly limestone conglomerate, probably from a Cotswolds source. It is
well made and its regularity suggests a relatively late date, most likely in the 17th to
19th centuries range (pers comm. P. Davenport).
3. DISCUSSION
3.1 The stratigraphically earliest features were revealed in the eastern part of the site.
These consisted of a shallow ditch and possible pit in Trench 9. Both features were
sealed by subsoil; however neither feature contained datable artefacts. They may
characterise an early phase of land use, the ditch perhaps representing a land
boundary and the pit either domestic or other cultural activity.
3.2 Furrows representing a medieval and or post-medieval agricultural context were
revealed throughout the golf driving range. These post-dated the features in Trench
© Cotswold Archaeology
9
Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester: Archaeological Evaluation
9, being cut through the lower portion of the same subsoil deposit, and represent a
later phase of land use. They were still visible as extent ridges and depressions in
the central portion of the site. No evidence for the ridge and furrow field system was
revealed in the car park area suggesting either the field system did not continue to
the west or, more likely, was not identified given the limited size of the interventions
in this area.
3.3 Features revealed within the car park probably relate to post-medieval use of the
site. The rubble surface in Trench 1 corresponds with a north/south orientated
trackway leading to Matson House to the north of the site and is depicted on the
First Edition Ordnance Survey map of 1890. The pits to the south of the trackway
are broadly contemporary having been cut from the same stratigraphic horizon and
may have had an agricultural use relating to the nearby Larkham Farm.
3.4 The dumped deposits and modern services relate to the most recent use of the site
as a golf driving range and hotel.
4. CA PROJECT TEAM
Fieldwork was undertaken by Ray Holt, assisted by Alex Thomson, Brenton
Culshaw and Jude Children. The report was written by Ray Holt, assisted by Sarah
Foster. The illustrations were prepared by Daniel Bashford. The archive has been
compiled by Ray Holt, and prepared for deposition by Jennie Hughes. The project
was managed for CA by Laurie Coleman.
5. REFERENCES
BGS (British Geological Survey) 2011 Geology of Britain Viewer
http://maps.bgs.ac.uk/geology viewer_google/googleviewer.html Accessed 30 May
2013
CA (Cotswold Archaeology) 2012 Land at Matson Lane, Gloucester: Heritage Desk-Based
Assessment CA Report No. 12673
© Cotswold Archaeology
10
Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester: Archaeological Evaluation
CA (Cotswold Archaeology) 2013 Land at Matson Lane, Gloucester: Written Scheme of
Investigation for an Archaeological Evaluation
Lake, J. 1989 Historic Farm Buildings London, Blandford Press
© Cotswold Archaeology
11
Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester: Archaeological Evaluation
APPENDIX A: CONTEXT DESCRIPTIONS
Trench No.
Context No.
Type Fill of Context interpretation
Description L (m) W (m) Depth/thickness (m)
Spot-date
TP 1 001 Layer Car park surface Tarmac >2.5 >2,5 0.07
TP 1 002 Layer Hardcore Base for 001
Hardcore >2.5 >2.5 0.2
TP 1 003 Layer Made ground Layers of stone, building waste, clay
>2.5 >2.5 2.1
TP 1 004 Layer Buried Topsoil Dark greenish grey clay >2.5 >2.5 0.1
TP 1 005 Layer Subsoil Mid greenish grey clay >2.5 >2.5 0.1 C17 to C19
TP 1 006 Deposit Natural substrate
Greenish grey clay >2.5 >2.5 n/a
TP 2 020 Layer Tarmac Car park surface >2.5 >2.5 0.06
TP 2 021 Layer Hardcore base for 020
Hardcore >2.5 >2.5 0.2
TP 2 022 Layer Made ground Layers of stone, building waste, clay
>2.5 >2.5 1.5
TP 2 023 Layer Buried Topsoil Dark greenish grey clay >2.5 >2.5 0.1
TP 2 024 Layer Subsoil Mid greenish grey clay >2.5 >2.5 0.15
TP 2 025 Deposit Natural substrate
Greenish grey clay >2.5 >2.5 n/a
1 100 Layer Car park surface Tarmac >10 >1.6 0.07
1 101 Layer Gravel bedding Yellow gravel bedding >10 >1.6 0.15
1 102 Deposit Modern make-up
Mixed rubble-clay make-up
>10 >1.6 0.3
1 103 Layer Redeposited natural
Mottled olive green/orange clay
>10 >1.6 0.4
1 104 Layer Buried Topsoil Dark greenish grey clayey silt
>10 >1.6 0.3
1 105 Deposit Rubble surface Compacted limestone rubble and gravel
2 >1.6 0.24
1 106 Layer Subsoil Mid greenish grey clay >10 >1.6 0.1
1 107 Deposit Natural substrate
Mottled yellow/grey clay >10 >1.6 n/a
1 108 Fill 109 Single fill of tree throw
Orangey brown and grey silty clay
>1.6 1.05 0.38
1 109 Cut Tree throw Amorphous feature with probable root holes
>1.6 1.05 0.38
1 110 Fill 111 Fill of square feature
Dark greenish grey silty clay
0.75 0.7 0.08
1 111 Cut Square feature Square cut, shallow, steep sided feature
0.75 0.7 0.08
1 112 Fill 113 Fill of square feature
Dark greenish grey silty clay
0.6 0.22 n/a
1 113 Cut Square feature Square cut feature, obscured by bulk.
0.6 0.22 n/a
3 300 Layer Topsoil Mid greyish brown silty clay
>25 >1.7 0.1
3 301 Deposit Make-up layer/ Dump material
Mid grey brown sandy clay with rubble inclusions
>25 >1.7 0.44
3 302 Layer Buried Topsoil Friable, silty sandy clay >25 >1.7 0.4
3 303 Layer Subsoil Light orangey brown sandy clay
>25 >1.7 >0.16
3 304 Deposit Natural substrate
Yellow grey clay with grey patches.
>25 >1.7 n/a
4 400 Layer Topsoil Mid grey brown silty sandy clay
>19.7 >1.68 0.2
4 401 Deposit Make-up layer/ Dump material
Mid reddish grey brown sandy clay with rubble inclusions
>19.7 >1.68 >1
4 402 Layer Subsoil Mid reddish brown sandy 6.6 >1.68 0.2
© Cotswold Archaeology
12
Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester: Archaeological Evaluation
Trench No.
Context No.
Type Fill of Context interpretation
Description L (m) W (m) Depth/thickness (m)
Spot-date
clay
4 403 Layer Buried Topsoil Dark greyish brown silty clay
6.6 >1.68
4 404 Deposit Natural substrate
Yellow grey clay with grey patches.
>19.7 >1.68 n/a
5 500 Layer Topsoil Dark brown clayey silt >25 >1.8 0.2
5 501 Layer Make-up layer/ Dump material
Mixed rubble-clay make-up
10 >1.8 0.3
5 502 Layer Subsoil Mid greenish grey silt >25 >1.8 0.45
5 503 Deposit Natural substrate
Greenish grey clay, occ. Gravel patches
>25 >1.8 n/a
5 504 Layer Buried Topsoil Dark brown clayey silt >25 >1.8 0.15
6 600 Layer Topsoil Dark brown clayey silt >25 >1.8 0.25
6 601 Layer Subsoil Mid greenish grey silt >25 >1.8 0.3
6 602 Deposit Natural substrate
Greenish grey clay, occ. Gravel patches
>25 >1.8 n/a
7 700 Layer Topsoil Dark brown clayey silt >25 >1.8 0.25
7 701 Layer Subsoil Mid greenish grey silt >25 >1.8 0.3
7 702 Deposit Natural substrate
Greenish grey clay, occ. Gravel patches
>25 >1.8 n/a
7 703 Layer Deposit, possible pond
Mottled blue-grey/orange silty clay
0.66 0.96 0.3
8 800 Layer Topsoil Dark brown clayey silt >25 >1.8 0.25
8 801 Layer Subsoil Mid greenish grey silt >25 >1.8 0.75
8 802 Deposit Natural substrate
Mixed yellowish grey silty clay with orange gravel patches
<25 >1.8 n/a
8 803 Cut Furrow Cut of furrow >2.1 1.44 0.04
8 804 Fill 803 Single fill of furrow
Mid grey brown silty clay >2.1 1.44 0.04
9 900 Layer Topsoil Dark greyish brown silty clay
>24.6 >1.6 0.2
9 901 Layer Subsoil Light grey brown sandy clay
>24.6 >1.6 0.3
9 902 Fill 903 Single fill of ditch Mixed light grey brown/orange brown clay
>1.84 1.2 0.22
9 903 Cut Ditch NW-SE orientated ditch, steep sides and flat base
>1.84 1.2 0.22
9 904 Deposit Natural substrate
Orangey brown and grey silty clay
>24.6 >1.6 n/a
9 905 Fill 906 Single fill of tree throw
Dark greyish brown silty clay
1.15 1.4 0.18
9 906 Cut Tree throw Irregular shape in plan, gradual sloping sides
1.15 1.4 0.18
9 907 Deposit Deposit, possible pond
Dark brownish grey silty clay with decayed plant material
c.9 >1.6
10 1000 Layer Topsoil Dark brown clayey silt >25 >1.8 0.35
10 1001 Layer Subsoil Mid greenish grey silt >25 >1.8 0.45
10 1002 Deposit Natural substrate
Greenish grey clay, occ gravel patches
>25 >1.8 n/a
10 1003 Cut Furrow W-E orientated furrow 0.96 0.03
10 1004 Fill 1003 Single fill of furrow
Orangey brown silty clay 0.96 0.03
10 1005 Cut Water cut feature
Sub circular water cut/pooled feature
1.4 0.6 0.06
10 1006 Fill 1005 Fill of water cut feature
Grey brown silty clay 1.4 0.6 0.06
11 1100 Layer Topsoil Dark brown clayey silt >25 >1.8 0.3
11 1101 Layer Subsoil Mid greenish grey silt >25 >1.8 0.3
© Cotswold Archaeology
13
Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester: Archaeological Evaluation
Trench No.
Context No.
Type Fill of Context interpretation
Description L (m) W (m) Depth/thickness (m)
Spot-date
11 1102 Deposit Natural substrate
Greenish grey clay, occ gravel patches
>25 >1.8 n/a
12 1200 Layer Topsoil Dark greyish brown clayey silt, occ gravel
>25 >1.8 0.2
12 1201 Layer Made ground Greenish grey clay >25 >1.8 0.8
12 1202 Layer Buried soil Dark grey brown clay silt >25 >1.8 0.1
12 1203 Deposit Surface Gravel and concrete rubble
2.8 >1.8 0.08
12 1204 Layer Subsoil Orangey brown silty clay >25 >1.8 0.55
12 1205 Deposit Natural substrate
Greenish grey clay, occ gravel patches
>25 >1.8 n/a
12 1206 Cut Tree throw Oval shape in plan 0.64 0.52 0.12
12 1207 Fill 1206 Single fill of tree throw
Grey brown silty clay 0.64 0.52 0.12
13 1300 Layer Topsoil Mid brown clayey silt >25 >1.8 0.2
13 1301 Deposit Make-up layer/ Dump material
Mixed rubble-clay make-up
15 >1.8 0.31
13 1302 Layer Buried Topsoil Dark brown clayey silt >25 >1.8 0.18
13 1303 Layer Subsoil Yellow brown clayey silt >25 >1.8 0.3
13 1304 Deposit Natural substrate
Patchy yellow and grey clay with occ gravel patches
>25 >1.8 n/a
14 1400 Layer Topsoil Mid brown silty sandy clay >25.2 >2.7 0.2
14 1401 Layer Made ground Light brown silty clay with building debris inclusions
>25.2 >2.7 1.1
14 1402 Layer Buried Topsoil Dark grey brown silty clay >25.2 >2.7 0.18
14 1403 Layer Subsoil Mid green brown clay with organic component
0.4
14 1404 Layer Subsoil Light brown silty clay >25.2 >2.7 0.3
14 1405 Deposit Natural substrate
Yellow brown clay >25.2 >2.7 n/a
15 1500 Layer Topsoil Dark brown clayey silt >5 >1.8 0.25
15 1501 Layer Make-up layer/ Dump material
Mixed rubble-clay make-up
>5 >1.8 1.65
15 1502 Layer Buried Topsoil Dark grey brown silty clay >5 >1.8 0.3
15 1503 Layer Subsoil Light brown silty clay >5 >1.8 0.3
15 1504 Deposit Natural substrate
Yellow brown clay >25.2 >1.8 n/a
17 1700 Layer Topsoil Dark brown clayey silt >5 >1.8 0.25
17 1701 Layer Make-up layer/ Dump material
Mixed rubble-clay make-up
>5 >1.8 1.65
17 1702 Layer Buried Topsoil Dark grey brown silty clay >5 >1.8 0.3
17 1703 Layer Subsoil Light brown silty clay >5 >1.8 0.3
17 1704 Deposit Natural substrate
Yellow brown clay >25.2 >1.8 n/a
© Cotswold Archaeology
14
Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester: Archaeological Evaluation
APPENDIX B: OASIS REPORT FORM
PROJECT DETAILS Project Name Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester
Short description
An archaeological evaluation was undertaken by Cotswold Archaeology in September and October 2013 at Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester. A total of fifteen trenches and two test pits were excavated. A shallow ditch and possible pit in the central part of the site, both artefactually undated characterise the earliest phase of land use, the ditch perhaps representing a land boundary and the pit indicative of either domestic or other cultural activity. The remains of furrows of probable medieval and/or post-medieval date were identified in the central part of the site. A rubble surface in the western part of the site corresponds with a north/south orientated trackway leading to Matson House and is depicted on the First Edition Ordnance Survey map of 1890. Two broadly contemporary pits to the south of the trackway are probably agricultural in origin and probably relate to the nearby Larkham Farm. Modern dumped deposits covered much of the site and related to landscaping of the site during construction of the golf driving range and hotel in the 1970s.
Project dates Project type
Field evaluation
Previous work
None
Future work Unknown
PROJECT LOCATION Site Location Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester Study area (M2/ha) Site co-ordinates (8 Fig Grid Reference) SO 8510 1520
PROJECT CREATORS Name of organisation Cotswold Archaeology Project Brief originator None Project Design (WSI) originator Cotswold Archaeology
Project Manager Laurie Coleman Project Supervisor Ray Holt MONUMENT TYPE None SIGNIFICANT FINDS None PROJECT ARCHIVES Intended final location of archive
Content
Physical Gloucester City Museum and Art Gallery
Stone object
Paper Gloucester City Museum and Art Gallery
Context sheets, trench sheets, permatrace drawings, photographic registers
© Cotswold Archaeology
15
Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester: Archaeological Evaluation
Digital Gloucester City Museum and Art Gallery
digital photos, survey
BIBLIOGRAPHY
CA (Cotswold Archaeology) 2013 Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester: Archaeological Evaluation. CA typescript report 13584
Gloucestershire
CotswoldArchaeology
Cirencester 01285 771022
Milton Keynes 01908 218320
Andover 01264 326549
w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk
PROJECT TITLE
FIGURE TITLE
FIGURE NO.DATE
REVISION
SCALE@A4
PROJECT NO.
DRAWN BY
APPROVED BY
N
0 1km
Site location plan
Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester
4524DJBLM 1
02-10-2013001:25,000
Reproduced from the 1998 Ordnance Survey Explorer map with the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of The Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office Crown copyright Cotswold Archaeology Ltd 100002109
c
tree throw109
pit113
rubblesurface
105
N
0 5m
Trench 1
A
A
pit111
tarmac 100
modern gravel101
modern make up102
modern make up103
topsoil104
rubblesurface
105
subsoil106
natural107
60.25mAOD
NE SW
Section AA
0 1m
Rubble surface 105 looking north-east (scales 1m)
CotswoldArchaeology
PROJECT TITLE
FIGURE TITLE
FIGURE NO.DATE
REVISION
SCALE@A3
PROJECT NO.
DRAWN BY
APPROVED BY
Trench 1: plan, section and photograph
Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester
02-10-2013001:100 1:20
4524DJBLM 3
Cirencester 01285 771022
Milton Keynes 01908 218320
Andover 01264 326549
w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk
ditch903
pit906
Trench 9
N
0 5m
51.25mAOD
NE SW
Section BB
topsoil900
subsoil901
902
ditch903
0 1m
Ditch 903 looking south (scale 0.4m)
CotswoldArchaeology
PROJECT TITLE
FIGURE TITLE
FIGURE NO.DATE
REVISION
SCALE@A3
PROJECT NO.
DRAWN BY
APPROVED BY
Trench 9: plan, section and photograph
Hallmark Hotel, Matson Lane, Gloucester
02-10-2013001:100 1:20
4524DJBLM 4
Cirencester 01285 771022
Milton Keynes 01908 218320
Andover 01264 326549
w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk
B
B