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Geology of Lake Tahoe
Nicole Hamilton
Geology 103Field Assignment
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Formation of Tahoe• Around 24 million years
ago the Sierra Nevada formed by faulting.
• Lava from Mt. Pluto formed a dam which water from snowmelt and stream made a larger lake than today’s.
• Migrating glaciers formed V-shaped canyons into U-shaped valleys (Geology of the Lake Tahoe Basin, n.d.).
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The Lake of Tahoe• Lake Tahoe is the third
deepest lake in North America, tenth in the world.
• Twenty-two miles long and twelve miles wide.
• Greatest measured depth is 1,645 feet.
• Fun fact: The bottom of the lake is at a lower elevation than Carson City, Nevada (Geology of Lake Tahoe Basin, n.d.).
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Igneous-Rhyolite• I believe this rock to
be Rhyolite.• Rhyolite is a
volcanic rock composed mostly of felsic.
• It’s said to have some resemblance to granite.
• It forms at low temperatures with a high percentage of silica (Nave, n.d.).
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Igneous-Granite• I believe this rock to be
Granite.• Granite is a course rock
with large amounts of feldspar and quartz.
• Granite is also the most abundant rock in the continental crust.
• It forms when magma’s crystallization is slow beneath the surface (Granite, n.d.).
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RaccoonProcyon lotor• Raccoons can be found all
over the United States except for Central Nevada, Rocky Mountains, Utah, and Arizona.
• Omnivorous • Mostly nocturnal• Easily identifiable by their
black mask and ringed tail (Raccoon, 2013).
• Raccoons are part of the Carnivora order and Procyonidae family (Raccoon, wiki).
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Raccoon Evolution
• Animalia => Chordata => Mammalia => Carnivora => Procyonidae => Procyon => P. lotor
• Carnivora evolved from Miacidae around the middle and late Eocene, from both North America and Eurasia (Carnivora, wiki).
• The first known members Procyonidae lived in Europe in the late Oligocene about 25 million years ago.
• The common ancestor of the raccoon is said to have left tropical areas around 2.5 million years ago (Raccoon, wiki).
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Black BearUrsus americanus• American Black Bears are
part of the order Carnivora and a part of the Ursidae family (American Black Bear, wiki).
• They range from Alaska to Canada, and down to Mexico.
• Black Bears are omnivores, eating both meat and plants it finds in the forest.
• They can run up to 30 miles per hour, and are crepuscular (American Black Bear, n.d.).
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Black Bear Evolution
• Animalia => Chordata => Mammalia => Carnivora => Ursidae => Ursus => U. americanus
• Ursus abstrusus is the oldest known North American fossil member of Ursus from nearly 5 million years ago.
• The earliest American black bear fossils were found in Port Kennedy, Pennsylvania.
• A wider variety of foods helped the American black bear survive the ice age 10,000 years ago (American black bear, wiki).
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Snow FlowerSarcodes sanguinea• Snow flowers are parasitic
of fungus living under the ground or wet soil.
• They appear after the snow melts or has mostly melted.
• It ranges from California to western Nevada.
• The stamen inside the petals collect pollen, which it later shakes out or develops fruit inside of it (Sarcodes sanguinea, n.d.).
• Snow flowers are part of the order Ericales and the family of Ericacaea (Sarcodes, wiki).
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Snow Flower Evolution
• Plantae => Angiosperms => Eudicots => Asterids => Ericales => Ericaceae => Sarcodes => S. sanguinea
• The earliest angiosperm macrofossil is dated to 125 million years ago (Angiosperm, wiki).
• Ericacaea have a wide range, including Antartica, Greenland, Australia, and the Americas (Ericacaea, wiki).
• S. Sanguinea is found in most of California and western Nevada (Sarcodes, wiki).
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References
Geology of the Lake Tahoe Basin. (n.d.). In Lake Tahoe Basin Mgt Unit - Learning Center. Retrieved June 18, 2013, from http://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/ltbmu/learning/?cid=stelprdb5109570
Raccoon. (2013). In Nature Works. Retrieved June 19, 2013, from http://www.nhptv.org/natureworks/raccoon.htm
Raccoon. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved June 18, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raccoon
American Black Bear. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved June 20, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_black_bear
American Black Bear. (n.d.). In Nature Works. Retrieved June 19, 2013, from http://www.nhptv.org/natureworks/blackbear.htm
Sarcodes sanguinea. (n.d.). In Botanical Society of America. Retrieved June 20, 2013, from http://www.botany.org/parasitic_plants/Sarcodes_sanguinea.php
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Sarcodes. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved June 20, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarcodes
Nave, R. (n.d.). Rhyolite. Retrieved June 18, 2013, from http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/geophys/rhyolite.html
Granite. (n.d.). In Geology.com. Retrieved June 18, 2013, from http://geology.com/rocks/granite.shtml
Carnivora. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved June 21, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora
Angiosperms. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved June 21, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiosperms
Ericaceae. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved June 21, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ericaceae