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Geological history of India
Physiography of India
Indian weather: seasons
Climatic regions of India
Soils of India
• Indian Peninsular plate =Oldest crustal block of India•Collision between 3 proto continents
1) Aravalli2) Dharwad3) Singhbhum
Pre-Cambrian era
Aravalli
Dhrawad
Singhbhum
•3 lineaments1) Narmada2) Son3) GodawariRemmenants:Aravalli R, Dharwad plt, Singhbhum plt
Pre-Cambrian era
NarmadaSon
Godavari
Geosynclines at margins of Proto-continents:1) Aravalli2) Vindhyan3) Satpura4) Eastern Ghats5) Bijawal
Pre-Cambrian era
•Reactivation of Narmada – Son-Godawari lineament•Rifting of Mahanadi and Damodar valley •Submergence of forest-Development of coalfields
Gondwana times
Narmada Son
GodavariM
ahanadi
Damodar
•150 ml yrs ago Indian plate broke from Gondwana land•Started northward journey•15 ml yrs ago India broke from Madagascar
Mesozoic time
• India move over Reunion Islands•Hotspot volcanism•Deccan lava plateau•Narrowing of Tethys sea
Late Cretaceous
•The jerk – activation of crack created at western margin of peninsula•Breaking of western part – subsidence – peninsula raised at western side •Tilted on west-east direction•Western ghats = horst
Tertiary Time
Slope: South eastern
•3 phases of formation of Himalayas:
1) Great Himalayas (Oligo-Eocene)
2) Mid-Himalayas (Miocene)
3) Outer-Himalayas (Pleistocene)
Tertiary time1
2
3