EVOLUTION OF LAND PLANTS
From Last Day:
Closest Living Relatives of Land Plants - Charophytes
Chara Coelochaete
Some Charophytes
Typical Charophyte habitat
?
Adaptations? - sporopollenin (polymer)
Pollen grains – land plants
Closest Living Relatives of Land Plants - Charophytes
Why?? – 4 features
1) Rosette-shaped cellulose-synthesizing complex
2) Peroxisome enzymes
3) Structure of sperm
4) Formation of a phragmoplast
phragmoplast
These are all shared ancestral traits
What makes land plants unique
1. Alternation of generations
Two different kinds of organisms
1) Gameophyte 2) Sporophyte
What makes land plants unique
2) Walled spores produced in sporangia
Sporopollenin in walls -
What makes land plants unique
3) Multicellular gametangia
What makes land plants unique
4) Apical meristems
Who are the land plants and how are they related
Bryophytes Seedless Vascular Gymnosperms Angiosperms
Non-vascular Plants – The Bryophytes Liverworts Hornworts Mosses Club mosses Ferns
Gymnosperms Angiosperms Note: The bryophytes and the Bryophyta are not the same
Bryophyte – a collective term for the liverworts, hornworts and mosses (3 separate phyla)
Bryophyta – the formal Latin name for the phylum of the mosses
Non-vascular Plants – The Bryophytes Liverworts Hornworts Mosses Club mosses Ferns
Gymnosperms Angiosperms
Who are they?
1) Liverworts
Thalloid Leafy
Non-vascular Plants – The Bryophytes Liverworts Hornworts Mosses Club mosses Ferns
Gymnosperms Angiosperms
Who are they?
2) Hornworts
Non-vascular Plants – The Bryophytes Liverworts Hornworts Mosses Club mosses Ferns
Gymnosperms Angiosperms
Who are they?
3) Mosses
Non-vascular Plants – The Bryophytes Liverworts Hornworts Mosses Club mosses Ferns
Gymnosperms Angiosperms
Key feature of all the bryophytes
Gametophyte is dominant part of the life cycle
Sporophyte
Gametophyte
Life cycle of a Moss