Europe’s Africa•The Europeans divided Africa into colonies
•The Europeans did not divide Africa along ethnic boundaries
AFRICA
• Many countries have many different cultures and languages
• African ethnic groups fight each other for control of their countries
• Most African countries became independent in the 1950’s and 1960’s
G E N O C I D E• the deliberate extermination of a national,
ethnic, or cultural group. • Since many ethnic groups fight each
other for power, they sometimes commit genocide
ExamplesCountry Killed…Nazi Germany Jews, Communists,
Gypsies
Turkey Armenians
Rwanda Tutsi
Sudan Darfuris
Liberia Sierra LeonisBosnia-Herzegovina Muslims
Main Cultures of Africa•The Sahara Desert separates the Arabs from the Bantu
•Afrikaaners are descendants of European settlers in Southern Africa
•Sudan was a British Colony
•Sudan had an Arabic Muslim north and a Bantu Christian south
•This led to fighting between the two cultures
•Following 2 civil wars Sudan split into 2 separate countries in 2011
•Sudan is Muslim and South Sudan is Christian
SOUTH AFRICA• In 1652 the Dutch
founded the colony on Cape of Good Hope
• European settlers pushed native Africans out of the south west corner of Africa
Afrikaaners
• European settlers eventually saw themselves as Afrikaaners (dutch word for ‘African’)
• Afrikaaners speak Africaans- which is a dialect of Dutch
SOUTH AFRICA• Once gold and diamonds were discovered
the British fought 2 wars against farmers called Boers
• After British won, power went from the Afrikaaners to the British
• non-whites had no power or control in South Africa
APARTHIED• Forced separation of white and non-white
people in South Africa from 1948-1994• Whites were better educated, got better
lands, and received better social services• Whites made up about 25% of the South
African population but controlled everything
• Resulted in violence between whites and non-whites
APARTHIED
SOUTH AFRICA• Apartheid ended in
1994 • Nelson Mandela,
who was put in jail for protesting, became president of a united South Africa