Europe’s Africa•The Europeans divided Africa into colonies

•The Europeans did not divide Africa along ethnic boundaries

AFRICA

• Many countries have many different cultures and languages

• African ethnic groups fight each other for control of their countries

• Most African countries became independent in the 1950’s and 1960’s

G E N O C I D E• the deliberate extermination of a national,

ethnic, or cultural group. • Since many ethnic groups fight each

other for power, they sometimes commit genocide

ExamplesCountry Killed…Nazi Germany Jews, Communists,

Gypsies

Turkey Armenians

Rwanda Tutsi

Sudan Darfuris

Liberia Sierra LeonisBosnia-Herzegovina Muslims

Main Cultures of Africa•The Sahara Desert separates the Arabs from the Bantu

•Afrikaaners are descendants of European settlers in Southern Africa

•Sudan was a British Colony

•Sudan had an Arabic Muslim north and a Bantu Christian south

•This led to fighting between the two cultures

•Following 2 civil wars Sudan split into 2 separate countries in 2011

•Sudan is Muslim and South Sudan is Christian

SOUTH AFRICA• In 1652 the Dutch

founded the colony on Cape of Good Hope

• European settlers pushed native Africans out of the south west corner of Africa

Afrikaaners

• European settlers eventually saw themselves as Afrikaaners (dutch word for ‘African’)

• Afrikaaners speak Africaans- which is a dialect of Dutch

SOUTH AFRICA• Once gold and diamonds were discovered

the British fought 2 wars against farmers called Boers

• After British won, power went from the Afrikaaners to the British

• non-whites had no power or control in South Africa

APARTHIED• Forced separation of white and non-white

people in South Africa from 1948-1994• Whites were better educated, got better

lands, and received better social services• Whites made up about 25% of the South

African population but controlled everything

• Resulted in violence between whites and non-whites

APARTHIED

SOUTH AFRICA• Apartheid ended in

1994 • Nelson Mandela,

who was put in jail for protesting, became president of a united South Africa