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15-4367 Holland, Jr., et al. v. FCA US LLC
Kathy A. Wisniewski
FCA US LLC, formerly known as Chrysler Group LLC
FCA US LLC is a Delaware limited liability company and is not publicly owned. FCA US LLC's
sole member is FCA North America Holdings LLC. The sole member of FCA North America
Holdings LLC is Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V. Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V. is a publicly
traded corporation organized and existing under the laws of The Netherlands, with its principal
place of business in London.
The following publicly held company may have a pecuniary interest in the outcome of this case:
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V. Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V. is the sole member of FCA
North America Holdings LLC, which is the sole member of FCA US LLC.
April 29, 2016
Kathy A. Wisniewski
Thompson Coburn LLP
1 US Bank Plaza, St. Louis, MO 63123
CORPORATE DISCLOSURE FORM
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Case: 15-4367 Document: 20 Filed: 04/29/2016 Page: 2
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yjgtg!jg!ycu!�cngtvgf! vq! vjg!ugxgtg!rgthqtcvkqp!qh! vjg]_!xgjkeng�u!gpikpg!etcfng/�!!
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tgrckt-!cpf!HEC!WU!fgpkgf!jku!tgswguv!hqt!c!tgkodwtugogpv!qh!vjcv!equv/!!Kf/!!!
Rnckpvkhh! Nqemgvv! rwtejcugf! c! O[!3116! Ejt{ungt! Rcekhkec! xgjkeng! kp!
Cwiwuv!3116! )dghqtg!HEC!WU!gzkuvgf*/! ! Kf/!cv!Rcig! KF$!226-!¸!;/! !Jg!jcu!ftkxgp!
Case: 15-4367 Document: 20 Filed: 04/29/2016 Page: 9
5!
vjg!xgjkeng!hqt!243-111!okngu!cpf!jcu!jcf!pq!tgrcktu/!!Kf/!cv!Rcig!KF$!234-!¸!61/!!Cv!
uqog!wpmpqyp!vkog!cpf!rnceg!cp!�kpurgevkqp�!ycu!fqpg!yjgtg!kv!ycu!�fkueqxgtgf!
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�crrtqzkocvgn{! 254-611! okngu/�! ! Kf/! cv! Rcig!KF$!234.35-! ¸!63/! ! Cv! uqog!
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Case: 15-4367 Document: 20 Filed: 04/29/2016 Page: 10
6!
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fgcngtujkru!ujqwnf!�ejgem!vjg!gpikpg!etcfngu!cpf!htqpv!uwurgpukqp!qh!egtvckp!3115.
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tgkodwtugogpv!qh!equvu!cuuqekcvgf!ykvj!rtkqt!tgrcktu!vq!vjg!htqpv!gpikpg!etcfng/!!Kf/!
cv!Rcig!KF$!228.29-!¸¸!32.33!)gorjcuku!cffgf*/!!Gcej!Rnckpvkhh!cfokvu!vjcv!jku0jgt!
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Case: 15-4367 Document: 20 Filed: 04/29/2016 Page: 11
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qtfgtu!fktgevkpi!HEC!WU!vq!�rgtocpgpvn{-!gzrgfkvkqwun{-!cpf!eqorngvgn{!tgrckt!vjg!
Fghgevkxg! Xgjkengu! vq! gnkokpcvg! vjg! fghgevkxg! gpikpg! etcfngu�! cpf! vq! �vcmg! cnn!
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Case: 15-4367 Document: 20 Filed: 04/29/2016 Page: 12
8!
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Rnckpvkhhu! vqnf! vjg!fkuvtkev!eqwtv! vjcv! vjg!rtgekug! ngicn! kuuwg! kpxqnxgf! kp! vjku!
ecug! ku! pqv! qpg! qh! �uweeguuqt�! nkcdknkv{-! dwv! �yjgvjgt! ]HEC!WU_! guvcdnkujgf! c!
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korqugf!cp!kpfgrgpfgpv!fwv{!vq!cfftguu!vjg!gpikpg!etcfng!fghgev/�!!)Rn/!Ogoq!kp!
Qrrqukvkqp!vq!Oqvkqp!vq!Vtcpuhgt-!TG!38.2-!Rcig!KF$!636.36*/! !Vjg!fkuvtkev!eqwtv!
tgnkgf!qp!vjku!tgrtgugpvcvkqp!kp!ocmkpi!hkpfkpiu!cpf!kuuwkpi!qtfgtu!fwtkpi!vjg!ecug/!!
)Qrkpkqp!cpf!Qtfgt-!TG!46-!Rcig!KF$!721-!724*/!
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lwfiogpv! qp! vjg! rngcfkpiu! cpf! fkuokuugf! vjg! HCE/! ! )Ogoqtcpfwo! Qrkpkqp-!
TG!55-!Rcig! KF$!959.67*/! !Vjg!fkuvtkev! eqwtv! hqwpf! vjcv!Rnckpvkhhu�!xgjkengu!ygtg!
pqv!kpenwfgf!kp!vjg!gzvgpfgf!ycttcpv{!kuuwgf!d{!HEC!WU-!cpf!Rnckpvkhhu!jcf!hckngf!
vq!cnngig!cp{! tgncvkqpujkr!ykvj!HEC!WU!yjkej!yqwnf!jcxg!etgcvgf!c!fwv{!qp! vjg!
rctv!qh!HEC!WU!vq!fq!cp{vjkpi!hqt!Rnckpvkhhu/!!Kf/!cv!Rcig!KF$!965.66/!!Vjg!fkuvtkev!
eqwtv! fkf! pqv! tgcej! vjg! cnvgtpcvkxg! ctiwogpvu! HEC!WU! ocfg! tgictfkpi! kvu!
gpvkvngogpv!vq!lwfiogpv/!!Kf/!!!
Case: 15-4367 Document: 20 Filed: 04/29/2016 Page: 13
9!
UWOOCT[!QH!CTIWOGPV!
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korqug!cp{!ngicn!fwv{!qp!HEC!WU/!!Vjku!ku!c!xgjkeng!fghgev!ecug!dtqwijv!cickpuv!cp!
gpvkv{! vjcv!fkf!pqv!ocpwhcevwtg!Rnckpvkhhu�!cnngigfn{!fghgevkxg!xgjkengu/! !Rnckpvkhhu!
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jgnf!nkcdng!vq!c!rgtuqp!ykvj!yjqo!kv!jcu!pq!tgncvkqpujkr!dcugf!qp!kvu!xqnwpvctkn{.
etgcvgf!tgncvkqpujkr!ykvj!qvjgtu/!!!
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ecwucn! nkpm! dgvyggp! HEC!WU�u! cnngigf! ytqpifqkpi! cpf! Rnckpvkhhu�! rwtrqtvgf!
kplwt{-! cpf! Rnckpvkhhu! hckngf! vq! oggv! vjg! jgkijvgpgf! rngcfkpi! tgswktgogpvu! qh!
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CTIWOGPV!
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r/!28/! ! Rnckpvkhhu! ekvg-! igpgtcnn{-! Dgnn! Cvncpvke! Eqtr/! x/! Vyqodn{-! 661! W/U/! 665!
Case: 15-4367 Document: 20 Filed: 04/29/2016 Page: 14
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uvtkpi! ekvg! qh! vjg! uvcpfctfu! gornq{gf! kp! uvcvg! eqwtvu-! cpf! vjg!swqvgf! ncpiwcig! ku!
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Vjg!fkuvtkev!eqwtv!fkf!pqv!cpcn{|g!yjgvjgt!Rnckpvkhhu!jcf!rngcfgf!uwhhkekgpv!hcevu!kp!
vjg! HCE! vq! guvcdnkuj! c! ngicn! fwv{-! cpf! kv! ocfg! pq! twnkpi! qp! vjg! qxgtcnn! ngicn!
Case: 15-4367 Document: 20 Filed: 04/29/2016 Page: 15
21!
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fgekfgf! gzrnkekvn{! )qt! d{! pgeguuct{! kornkecvkqp*! d{! c! eqwtv�! )rctgpvjgvkecn!
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�pqvjkpi!jcu!dggp!�nkvkicvgf!cpf!fgekfgf��*/!!!
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Case: 15-4367 Document: 20 Filed: 04/29/2016 Page: 16
22!
Gxgp!yjgp!c!fkuvtkev!eqwtv!cevwcnn{!fgpkgu!c!oqvkqp!vq!fkuokuu-! kv! ku!htgg!vq!
vtgcv!vjcv!fgpkcn!cu!qpg!tgugtxkpi!c!twnkpi!qp!vjg!ngicn!kuuwgu!tckugf!kp!kv!dgecwug!c!
�rtkqt! qtfgt! qxgttwnkpi! oqvkqpu! vq! fkuokuu-! ]fqgu_! pqv! eqpuvkvwvg! vjg! ncy! qh! vjg!
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oqvkqp!vq!fkuokuu!qt!hqt!uwooct{!lwfiogpv!dcugf!qp!uvcvwvg!qh!nkokvcvkqpu!fkf!pqv!
cev!cu!ncy!qh!vjg!ecug*/!!!
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yjgvjgt!vjg!hcevu!rngcfgf!kp!vjg!HCE!ygtg!uwhhkekgpv!vq!uwrrqtv!vjg!gzkuvgpeg!qh!c!
ngicn!fwv{!qp!vjg!rctv!qh!HEC!WU-!vjg!ncy!qh!vjg!ecug!fqevtkpg!yqwnf!pqv!rtgenwfg!
kvu!ncvgt!tgeqpukfgtcvkqp!qh!vjcv!ucog!kuuwg/!!Vjku!Ektewkv!jcu!nqpi!uwduetkdgf!vq!vjg!
xkgy! vjcv! cv! vjg! vtkcn! eqwtv! ngxgn! vjg! ncy!qh! vjg! ecug!fqevtkpg! ku!qpn{! �rctv!qh! vjg!
fkuvtkev! eqwtv�u! ocpcigogpv! rtcevkegu-�! cpf! vjwu! �rtglwfiogpv! qtfgtu! ecp! dg!
tgeqpukfgtgf! ykvjqwv! tguvtkevkqp/�! ! Ycuvg! Ocpcigogpv! qh! Qjkq-! Kpe/! x/! Ekv{! qh!
Fc{vqp-! 27;! Hgf/Crrz/! ;87-! ;96-! ;99! )4f! Ekt/! 3117*! )ekvkpi! Wpkvgf! Uvcvgu! x/!
Fwpdct-!468!H/4f!693-!6;3.;4!)7vj!Ekt/!3115*=!Iknnki!x/!Cfxcpegf!Ectfkqxcuewnct!
U{u/-!78!H/4f!697-!6;1!)7vj!Ekt/!2;;6**=!ugg!cnuq!Dqyngu-!543!H/4f!788!)jqnfkpi!
�vjg!ncy!qh!vjg!ecug!fqevtkpg!ku!fkuetgvkqpct{!yjgp!crrnkgf!vq!�!vjg!ucog!eqwtv�u!
qyp!fgekukqpu�*/!
Case: 15-4367 Document: 20 Filed: 04/29/2016 Page: 17
23!
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tgswktgf!vjg!fkuvtkev!eqwtv!vq!fgp{!HEC!WU�u!oqvkqp!hqt!lwfiogpv!qp!vjg!rngcfkpiu!
dgecwug! kv!jcf!cntgcf{!�gzrtguun{!cfftguugf! vjg! tgncvkqpujkr0fwv{! kuuwg/�! !Ugg!Rn/!
Dtkgh-! r/!27/! ! Vjgtg! ku! pqvjkpi! kp! vjg! fkuvtkev! eqwtv�u! qtfgt! fgp{kpi! uwooct{!
lwfiogpv! cu! rtgocvwtg-! qt! gnugyjgtg! kp! vjg! tgeqtf-! yjkej! kpfkecvgu! vjcv! vjg!
�tgncvkqpujkr0fwv{�! kuuwg! ycu! cfftguugf! qp! vjg! ogtkvu! rtkqt! vq! vjg! fkuvtkev! eqwtv!
cpcn{|kpi!kv! kp!fgekfkpi!HEC!WU�u!oqvkqp!hqt! lwfiogpv!qp!vjg!rngcfkpiu/! ! Kp!vjg!
cdugpeg!qh!c!rtkqt!twnkpi!qp!vjg!ogtkvu-!vjg!ncy!qh!vjg!ecug!fqevtkpg!fqgu!pqv!crrn{/!!
Ugg-!g/i/-!Uvcvg!qh!Qjkq!x/!Ytkijv-!;;3!H/3f!727-!72;.31!)7vj!Ekt/!2;;4*/!
KKK/! Vjg!Fkuvtkev!Eqwtv!Eqttgevn{!Gpvgtgf!Lwfiogpv! kp!Hcxqt!Qh!HEC!WU!
Dgecwug!Vjg!Cfokuukqpu!Kp!Vjg!HCE!Guvcdnkujgf!Vjcv!HEC!WU!Jcf!Pq!
Tgncvkqpujkr!Ykvj!Rnckpvkhhu!Cpf!Vjwu!Qygf!Vjgo!Pq!Ngicn!Fwv{/4
Rnckpvkhhu! ctiwg! vjcv! vjg! fkuvtkev! eqwtv! gttgf! kp! gpvgtkpi! lwfiogpv! qp! vjg!
rngcfkpiu!kp!hcxqt!qh!HEC!WU!dgecwug!kv!eqpukfgtgf!gxkfgpeg!qwvukfg!vjg!rngcfkpiu!
4Kp! vjg! fkuvtkev! eqwtv-! Rnckpvkhhu! cfokvvgf! vjcv! vjg! ngicn! xkcdknkv{! qh! vjgkt!enckou!ycu!fgrgpfgpv!qp!c! hkpfkpi!vjcv! vjg{!)qt!cv! ngcuv! vjgkt!xgjkengu*!jcf!uqog!tgncvkqpujkr!ykvj!HEC!WU-!cpf!vjg!fkuvtkev!eqwtv!gzrtguun{!pqvgf!cpf!tgnkgf!qp!vjcv!cfokuukqp! kp!ocmkpi!fgekukqpu!fwtkpi! vjg!eqwtug!qh! vjg! nkvkicvkqp/! ! )Rn/!Ogoq! kp!Qrrqukvkqp!vq!Oqvkqp!vq!Vtcpuhgt-!TG!38.2-!Rcig!KF$!636.36=!Qrkpkqp!cpf!Qtfgt-!TG!46-!Rcig!KF$!721-!724*/!!Vjg!fkuvtkev!eqwtv!vjwu!cevgf!eqttgevn{!kp!cpcn{|kpi!vjg!�tgncvkqpujkr�! kuuwg! cu! ecug! fkurqukvkxg/! ! Ugg-! g/i/-! Wpkvgf! Uvcvgu! x/! Dwtpu-! 21;!Hgf/Crrz/! 63-! 69! )7vj! Ekt/! 3115*! )jqnfkpi! vjcv! �fgnkdgtcvg-! engct! cpf!wpcodkiwqwu�! uvcvgogpvu! kp! dtkghu! ygtg! lwfkekcn! cfokuukqpu*=! ugg! cnuq! Tqigt!Oknngt! Owuke-! Kpe/! x/! Uqp{0CVX! Rwdnkujkpi-! NNE-! 588! H/4f! 494-! 4;5! )7vj! Ekt/!3118*!)�C!lwfkekcn!cfokuukqp!ku!igpgtcnn{!vtgcvgf!cu!dkpfkpi�*/!!
Case: 15-4367 Document: 20 Filed: 04/29/2016 Page: 18
24!
)Rn/!Dtkgh-! r/!2;-!33-!34*-! cpf! vjg{!j{rqvjguk|g! vjcv! kh!fkueqxgt{!ygtg! cnnqygf! vq!
oqxg! hqtyctf! egtvckp! hcevu! �eqwnf�! fgxgnqr! )kf/! cv! rr/!28.29*/! ! Dwv-! vjg! fkuvtkev!
eqwtv! fkf! pqv! eqpukfgt! cp{! gxkfgpeg! qwvukfg! rngcfkpiu! kp! itcpvkpi! HEC!WU�u!
oqvkqp-!cpf!vjgtg!ku!pqvjkpi!kp!vjg!tgeqtf!uwiiguvkpi!vjcv!kv!fkf/!!Kp!ctiwkpi!vjcv!vjg!
fkuvtkev! eqwtv! fkf! eqpukfgt! gxkfgpeg! qwvukfg! vjg! rngcfkpiu-! Rnckpvkhhu! eqorngvgn{!
kipqtg!vjgkt!qyp!cnngicvkqpu!kp!vjg!HCE!yjkej!icxg!tkug!vq-!cpf!hwnn{!uwrrqtv-!vjg!
fkuvtkev!eqwtv�u!fkuokuucn/!
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wpvkn!311;!)HCE-!TG!21-!Rcig!KF$!227-!¸!26*=!c!dcpmtwrve{!Ucng!Qtfgt!dctu!enckou!
cickpuv!HEC!WU!ctkukpi!qwv! qh! fghgevu! kp! vjgkt!xgjkengu! )kf/! cv!Rcig! KF$!227.28-!
¸¸!27.2;*=! cpf! vjg! enckou! vjg{! ygtg! cvvgorvkpi! vq! rwtuwg! ygtg! dcugf! qp! uqog!
cnngigf!fwv{!vjcv!ku!�ugrctcvg!cpf!fkuvkpev!htqo!cp{!rtkqt�!fwv{!qygf!d{!cp{!rtg.
dcpmtwrve{!gpvkv{!)kf/!cv!Rcig!KF$!243-!¸!96*/!!Kp!vjg!HCE-!vjg!qpn{!hcevu!rngcfgf!
vjcv! eqwnf! rquukdn{! dg! tgncvgf! vq! cp{! tgncvkqpujkr! wpfgtn{kpi! c! ngicn! fwv{! ygtg!
vjqug!cuugtvkpi!vjcv!HEC!WU!wpfgtvqqm!c!xqnwpvct{!cevkqp!cpf!kuuwgf!cp!gzvgpfgf!
ycttcpv{! hqt! egtvckp!Rcekhkec! xgjkengu/! !Dwv-! gxgt{! Rnckpvkhh! )ugrctcvgn{*! cfokvvgf!
vjcv!jku0jgt!Rcekhkec!xgjkeng!ycu!�pqv!eqxgtgf!d{!]vjku_!nkokvgf!gzvgpfgf!ycttcpv{/�!!
Kf/!cv!Rcig!KF$!225.26-!¸¸!8.23!)gorjcuku!cffgf*/!!!
Rnckpvkhhu�! ctiwogpvu! kp! vjku! Eqwtv! cdqwv! vjg! uqwteg! qh! vjg! rwtrqtvgf!
tgncvkqpujkr! cpf! fwv{! fq! pqv! tgcnn{! fkhhgt! htqo! vjqug! yjkej! vjg! fkuvtkev! eqwtv!
Case: 15-4367 Document: 20 Filed: 04/29/2016 Page: 19
25!
eqpukfgtgf/! ! Rnckpvkhhu! ctiwg! jgtg! vjcv! vjg{! cnngigf! c! fwv{! dcugf! qp! HEC!WU�u!
rwtrqtvgf!kuuwcpeg!qh!�c!yctpkpi!cpf!rtqokug!vq!tgrckt!cnn!3115.3116!Rcekhkecu!kp!
vjg!ucng!]uke_!dgnv!uvcvgu!cpf!vjgp!ykvjftgy!kv/�!!Rn/!Dtkgh-!rr/!2;-!33/!!Rnckpvkhhu!ekvg!
qpn{! vq!Rctcitcrj!57!qh! vjg!HCE!cu! uwrrqtv! hqt! vjku! ctiwogpv/! ! Kf/! !Dwv-! kp! vjcv!
Rctcitcrj! qh! vjg! HCE! Rnckpvkhhu! ogtgn{! cnngigf! vjcv! HEC!WU! �tguekpf]gf_! vjg!
gzvgpfgf!ycttcpv{! )kuuwgf! kp!Pqxgodgt-!3121*! vjcv!yqwnf!jcxg!oqtg!cfgswcvgn{!
tgogfkgf!vjg!fghgev/�!!)HCE-!TG!21-!Rcig!KF$!233-!¸!57!)rctgpvjgvkecn!kphqtocvkqp!
kp! qtkikpcn**/! ! Vjg! qpn{! hcevu! kp! vjg! HCE! cdqwv! c! �Pqxgodgt-! 3121�! gzvgpfgf!
ycttcpv{!ygtg!vjqug!qh!c!�ngvvgt�!dgkpi!�kuuwgf�!gzvgpfkpi!ycttcpv{!eqxgtcig!cpf!
qhhgtkpi! tgkodwtugogpvu/! ! Kf/!cv!Rcig!KF$!228.29-!¸!32/! !Dwv-!Rnckpvkhhu!gzrtguun{!
cpf! wpgswkxqecnn{! cfokvvgf! vjcv! vjg{! ygtg! pqv! tgekrkgpvu! qh! vjku! gzvgpfgf!
ycttcpv{/!!Kf/!cv!Rcig!KF$!225.26-!¸¸!8.23/!!!
Kp! qvjgt! yqtfu-! gxgp! kh! Rnckpvkhh�u! cnngicvkqpu! qh! c! �tguekuukqp�! qh! uqog!
gzvgpfgf!ycttcpv{!ygtg!vtgcvgf!cu!vtwg-!vjg!fkuvtkev!eqwtv!ycu!gpvktgn{!eqttgev!kp!kvu!
hkpfkpi! vjcv! HEC!WU! jcf! pq! ngicn! tgncvkqpujkr! ykvj-! cpf! vjwu! qygf! pq!
eqttgurqpfkpi! fwv{! vq-! Rnckpvkhhu/! ! Vjku! ku! dgecwug! Rnckpvkhhu! cfokv! vjcv! vjgkt!
xgjkengu!ygtg!pgxgt!eqxgtgf!d{!vjg!gzvgpfgf!ycttcpv{!kp!vjg!hktuv!rnceg-!cpf!vjwu-!
qdxkqwun{-! vjg{! eqwnf! pqv! rquukdn{! jcxg! dggp! kpfkxkfwcnu! yjq! ygtg! uwdlgev! vq! c!
�tguekuukqp�!qh!vjcv!ycttcpv{/!!!
Case: 15-4367 Document: 20 Filed: 04/29/2016 Page: 20
26!
Rnckpvkhhu! uggo! vq! dg! vt{kpi! vq! eqpxkpeg! vjku! Eqwtv! vjcv! vjg{! rngcfgf! hcevu!
uwrrqtvkpi! vjg!gzkuvgpeg!qh!c!fwv{!d{!cxgttkpi! vjcv!�kphqtocvkqp!rtgugpvgf! vq! vjg!
rwdnke�!uqogjqy!cevgf!vq!ocmg! vjgo!cevwcn! tgekrkgpvu!qh-!qt! ngf!vjgo!vq!dgnkgxg!
vjcv! vjg{! ygtg! tgekrkgpvu! qh-! vjg! gzvgpfgf! ycttcpv{-! chvgt! yjkej! HEC!WU!
�tguekpfgf�! kv/! ! Rn/! Dtkgh-! rr/!2;.32/! ! Dwv-! vjg! qpn{! hcevu! rngcfgf! tgncvkpi! vq!
kphqtocvkqp!dgkpi!fkuugokpcvgf!d{!HEC!WU!ctg!vjqug!cdqwv!vjg!kuuwcpeg!qh!VUDu!
vq! fgcngtujkru-! cpf! c! ngvvgt! ugpv! vq!qvjgt! xgjkeng!qypgtu! gzvgpfkpi! vjg!ycttcpv{/!!
Vjg!ugswgpeg!qh!vjgug!gxgpvu-!cu!cfokvvgf!vq!d{!Rnckpvkhhu-!kp!pq!yc{!uwrrqtvu!vjgkt!
ctiwogpv!vjcv!vjg{!ygtg!vjg!cevwcn!tgekrkgpvu!qh-!qt!jcf!c!dcuku!vq!dgnkgxg!vjg{!ygtg!
vjg!tgekrkgpvu!qh-!cp!gzvgpfgf!ycttcpv{<!
Case: 15-4367 Document: 20 Filed: 04/29/2016 Page: 21
27!
Qevqdgt!34-!3121! HEC!WU!kuuwgu!VUD!vq!fgcngtujkru!kpuvtwevkpi!vjgo! vq! �ejgem! gpikpg! etcfngu�! qh! �egtvckp�!oqfgn.{gct! 3115.16! Rcekhkec! xgjkengu! hqt!�rgthqtcvkqp�! dwv! ocmgu! pq! ogpvkqp! qh! cp{!gzvgpfgf! ycttcpv{! )HCE-! TG!21-!Rcig!KF$!228-!¸¸!2;.31*=!
Pqxgodgt!;-!3121! HEC!WU! �kuuwgu�! ngvvgt! vq! uqog! qypgtu! qh!oqfgn.{gct! 3115.16! Rcekhkec! xgjkengu!kpfkecvkpi!ycttcpv{!rgtkqf!qp!�{qwt�!xgjkeng�u!gpikpg!etcfng!jcu!dggp!gzvgpfgf!cpf!tgekrkgpv!ecp! igv! tgkodwtugogpvu! hqt! rcuv! tgrcktu-! dwv!
vjg! ngvvgt! ku! pqv! ugpv! vq! Rnckpvkhhu! )kf/! cv!Rcig!KF$!228.29-!¸¸!32.33*=!
Octej!27-!3123! HEC!WU! kuuwgu! VUD! vq! fgcngtujkru! uvcvkpi-!kpvgt!cnkc-!vjcv!gzvgpfgf!ycttcpv{!qpn{!crrnkgf!vq!Rcekhkec!xgjkengu!ocpwhcevwtgf!kp!c!7!yggm!ykpfqy-!k/g/-!vjg!rwtrqtvgf!�tguekuukqp�!qh!vjg!ycttcpv{!)kf/!cv!Rcig!KF$!229-!¸!34*/!
Kh!qpg!vtgcvu!cnn!vjgug!gxgpvu!cu!�rwdnke�!kphqtocvkqp!yjkej!Rnckpvkhhu!cevwcnn{!
mpgy!cdqwv-!cnn!vjcv!Rnckpvkhhu!ecp!encko!ku!vjcv<!!kp!Qevqdgt!3121-!vjg{!mpgy!vjgkt!
Rcekhkec! xgjkengu! ujqwnf! dg! ejgemgf! hqt! �rgthqtcvkqp�=! kp! Pqxgodgt!3121-! kp! c!
ngvvgt!pgxgt!ugpv!vq!vjgo-!c!ycttcpv{!ycu!gzvgpfgf!hqt!�{qwt�!)k/g/-!vjg!tgekrkgpv�u*!
xgjkeng=!cpf!kp!Octej!3123!kv!ycu!tgxgcngf!vjcv! vjg! ngvvgt!ycu!pgxgt!ugpv! vq! vjgo!
dgecwug!vjg!ycttcpv{!gzvgpukqp!ycu!nkokvgf!vq!xgjkengu!ocpwhcevwtgf!kp!c!7!yggm!
ykpfqy/!!Pqpg!qh!vjku!eqwnf!rquukdn{!etgcvg!c!ngicn!tgncvkqpujkr!dgvyggp!HEC!WU!
cpf!Rnckpvkhhu!yjgp!vjgtg!ycu!pgxgt!cp{!tgncvkqpujkr!kp!vjg!hktuv!rnceg/!
Rnckpvkhhu!ctiwg!vjcv!uqog!kpfgrgpfgpv!fwv{!vq!yctp!cpf!tgevkh{!fghgevu!gzkuvu!
dcugf!qp!vjg!Dcpmtwrve{!Eqwtv�u!qrkpkqp!kp!Dwtvqp!x/!Ejt{ungt!Itqwr-!NNE-!5;3!
Case: 15-4367 Document: 20 Filed: 04/29/2016 Page: 22
28!
D/T/!4;3!)Dcpmt/!U/F/P/[/!3124*/! !Rn/!Dtkgh-!rr/!34.35/! !Vjku! ku! kpeqttgev=! vq! vjg!
eqpvtct{-!kp!Dwtvqp-!vjg!eqwtv!hqwpf!vjcv!c!encko!dcugf!qp!vjg!vjgqt{!vjcv!HEC!WU!
hckngf! vq!yctp! cdqwv! c!ocpwhcevwtkpi!fghgev! ku! dcttgf/! ! Vjg! rnckpvkhhu! kp!Dwtvqp-!
nkmg! Rnckpvkhhu! jgtg-! cnngigf! vjcv! HEC!WU! �pginkigpvn{! cpf! ytqpihwnn{�! hckngf! vq!
kpenwfg!egtvckp!xgjkengu!ocpwhcevwtgf!d{!vjg!dcpmtwrv!Qnf!Ecteq!kp!VUDu-!cpf!cp!
gzvgpfgf! ycttcpv{! vjcv! HEC!WU! kuuwgf! chvgt! kv! rwtejcugf! Qnf! Ecteq�u! cuugvu! kp!
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(noting that for “negligent failure to warn” Ohio law requires “injury that is
proximately caused by the breach”).6
“Under Ohio law, proximate cause is that cause which contributes to
produce the result in a natural and continued sequence, without which the asserted
injury would not have happened.” Butler, 2000 WL 353502 at *4.7
The facts pleaded in the FAC leave a complete lack of connection between
FCA US’s alleged wrongdoing and Plaintiffs’ purported injury. This provides an
independent basis for affirming the district court’s judgment.
Plaintiffs’ claimed injury was an economic one associated with having to
pay vehicle repair costs because their vehicles are subject to corrosion. (FAC,
RE 10, Page ID# 113-69). But, the only cause of this purported injury is a defect
6See also Hendrian v. Safety-Kleen Systems, Inc., 2015 WL 4770966, *4 (E.D.Mich. 2015); Lott v. ITW Food Equipment Group LLC, 2013 WL 3728581, *29 (N.D.Ill. 2013); Guilbeault v. R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co., 84 F.Supp.2d 263, 275 (D.R.I. 2000); Lopez v. Borough of Sayreville, 2008 WL 2663423, *15 (N.J.App. 2008); Haesche v. Kissner, 640 A.2d 89, 92 (Conn. 1994).
7See, also, e.g., McCabe, 494 F.3d at 438 (“Under New Jersey tort law, the test of proximate cause is satisfied where conduct is a substantial contributing factor in causing a loss” (citations and internal punctuation omitted)); Crumpton v. Walgreen Co., 871 N.E.2d 905, 910 (Ill.App. 2007) (“A proximate cause is one that produces an injury through a natural and continuous sequence of events unbroken by any effective intervening cause”); Helmus v. Michigan Dept. of Transp., 604 N.W.2d 793, 797 (Mich.App. 1999) (“Proximate cause is that which operates to produce particular consequences without the intervention of any independent, unforeseen cause, without which the injuries would not have occurred”).
Case: 15-4367 Document: 20 Filed: 04/29/2016 Page: 27
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27
faith basis to plead such a fact. Yet, this purported extension of the warranty to
Plaintiffs (and its alleged subsequent withdrawal) is the sole predicate Plaintiffs’
proffer for any legal relationship between themselves and FCA US.
Plaintiffs’ pleading failures are a further independent basis justifying the
district court’s dismissal of the FAC. The judgment of the district court should be
affirmed.
CONCLUSION
For the reasons set forth herein, Defendant/Appellee FCA US LLC
respectfully requests that this Court affirm the judgment of the district court.
THOMPSON COBURN LLP
By: /s/ Kathy A. Wisniewski Kathy A. Wisniewski [email protected] One US Bank Plaza St. Louis, Missouri 63101 Telephone: (314) 552-6000 Facsimile: (314) 552-7000
Christina J. Marshall, Ohio Bar #0069963 [email protected] MILLER, CANFIELD, PADDOCK AND STONE, P.L.C.840 W. Long Lake Road, Suite 150 Troy, MI 48098 Telephone: (248) 879-2000 Facsimile: (248) 879-2001
Attorneys for FCA US LLC
Case: 15-4367 Document: 20 Filed: 04/29/2016 Page: 33
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Case: 15-4367 Document: 20 Filed: 04/29/2016 Page: 34
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