Download - Dentistry in Renaissance Period
Dentistry in the16th and 17th Century
Overview : The Renaissance
Was characterized by printing methods, discovery of America, the rise of humanism, the reawakening of experimental method, and the discovery of original texts of the classics.
In medicine- the medical classics were beautifully printed, and the clinical study of patient began. Anatomy, physiology, pathology, and surgery came to the forefront.
Hmm.. what was dentistry like during the
Renaissance in England??...
Dental hygiene-in the mid 16th
century, most people used Rosemary Charcoal to maintain the cleanliness of their teeth.
“For teeth that are yellow, take sage and salt, and stamp them well together, then bake till it be hard, and make a fine powder thereof, then rub the teeth evening and morning.”
Sage tooth whitening scrub
“Until the discovery of the New World in the late 15th century, Europeans hungered for sugar. During the Renaissance period in England, the wealthy bought sugary foods and average person could not afford sugar.”
Once upon a time in England…
“Even in Europe’s early Renaissance courts, the wealthy and powerful regarded the refined sweetener as a delicious extravagance…
..this led to tooth decay at a much higher rate for nobility than the peasants who worked for them”
“ Her face, it is and appears to be very aged. It is long and thin, and her teeth are very yellow and unequal, compared with what they were formerly, so they say, on the left side less than of the right. Many of them are missing so that one cannot understand her easily when she speaks quickly.”
Queen Elizabeth of England
- Andre Hurault-Sieur de Maisse, 1597( French ambassador to Elizabeth’s court)
Fun Fact!!Don’t you know that Queen Elizabeth stuffed rags into her mouth to prevent appearing as though she had hollow cheeks?
LOL!!!
a. barbers
b. wig makers
c. blacksmiths
d. persons who put shoes on horses
Type of person who extractsteeth during Renaissance:
Lay barbers - professional
tooth extractors during
Renaissance.
Dental tools used in Renaissance Period :
Dental Pelican (1600s)• named because of their resemblance to a
pelican’s beak
• were tooth extraction tools used from the
14th century through the late 18th century.
• examples like this French or Italian pelican
consisted of a rotating claw mounted on a
shaft in an adjustable slot.
Dental Forceps (1600s)• used in grasping and extracting teeth —
this 17th century Italian pair being more
rudimentary than modern examples.
Oral Speculum (1600s)• used to open a body cavity for investigation
or medical procedures.
• This model of oral speculum worked like a
reverse vise, with the screw prying open
the patient’s mouth for easy access.
Dental Mouth Gag (1500s)• used to keep patients’ mouth open during
procedures.
• This 16th century gag uses wing nuts to
open and close the handles and lock them in
place.
• It could have also been used to pry open the
mouths of patients suffering from lockjaw.
“Key People and Events
of the Renaissance”
Howdy Humans! I am Leonardo Da Vinci and I’m the 1st to dissect human cadavers for anatomical knowledge. I accurately drew the skull, teeth and associated parts realizing normal occlusion. I also described maxillary & frontal sinuses.
1452-1519
An anatomist who gave us the
terms: hard palate and soft palate.
Best described the trigeminal,
auditory, and glossopharyngeal
nerves,
Discovered the chorda tympani,
semicircular canals and sphenoidal
sinus.
GABRIELE FALLOPE 1523-1562
Was the greatest anatomist of the age.
His name was associated with dental anatomy, dental follicle, and dental eruption.
His work, De Humani Corporis Fabrica Libri Septum (Fabric of the Human Body) was published in 1543.
Andreas Vesalius (1513-1564)
Describes for the first time
the anatomy and function of
the dental pulp cavity.
Counted teeth as bones.
Ambrose Paré (1510-1564)
He was the father of Modern Surgery
and French barber surgery.
He popularized the use of
ligatures, and he was famous for
devising artificial limbs and palatal
obturators.
• Introduced the lancing of
infants' gums using a lancet or
scalpel during teething.
• He described proper tooth
extraction, transplantation,
and artificial teeth of bone
and ivory.
Gerolamo Cardano (1501-1676) was the first to describe the relationship of tooth infractions and joint disturbances.
Hello future dentists!
I am Hieronymous Fabricius and I’ve described dental operations of this period : feeding of the patient with closure of the jaws, cleaning teeth, treatment of the dental decay, filling cavities with gold leaf, resection of irregular teeth, filling uneven or sharp teeth, and extraction.
1537-1619
Described gold leaf for filling material; but advised it to be done by specialists- not barbers or quacks.
Giovanni di Vigo (1460-1520)
Bartolome Eustachi (1520-1574)
• Eustachius was the first to
publish a treatise on dental
anatomy, Libellus de Dentibus in
1563.
• Elucidation of the periodontal
membrane
• Explained the difference between
enamel and dentin
• the first to describe the dental
pulp and its role in sensation
within the teeth.
Libellus de dentibus- published at Venice in 1563, the
book about teeth.
-it is the first treatise ever written
on the anatomy of teeth, and
represents a note worthy progress in
this branch of study
Gian Filippo Ingrassia (1510-1580)
- first who spoke of the
dental “Germ”.
17th Century
Pierre Fauchard-The father of modern Dentistry
-introduced dental filling as treatment for dental cavities.
-asserted that sugar derivate acids like tartaric acid were responsible for dental decay.
-suggested that tumors surrounding the teeth, in gums, could appear in the later stages of tooth decay.
-was the pioneer of dental prosthesis, and he discovered many methods to replace lost teeth.
-suggested that substitute could be made from carved blocks of Ivory or Bone.
-introduced dental braces (made of gold) because he discovered that teeth position could be corrected as the teeth would follow pattern of the wires.
Don’t you know??Waxed linen or silk threads were usually employed to fasten the braces before
Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723)- the first maker of powerful
microscopesand the father of Microbiology
-he discovered the tubular structure of the dentine or tooth bone.
-He said that 600 to 700 of the dentinal tubuli have hardly the consistence of one hair of a beard
Johann Schultes (1595-1645)-was the author of a very important work entitled Armamentarium
Chirurgicum, in which are given plates and descriptions of almost all the
surgical instruments that had been use up to that date.
Schultes instruments in his book:
•Several kinds of pelicans
•The common dental forceps (cognolo)
•The crow’s beak forceps (rostrum corvinum)
•Two special dental forceps (dentiduces)
•Bifid and trifid elevators (vectes bifidi et trifidi)
•Dentiscalpia
•A silver funnel or cannula (Infundibulum seu
fistula argentea)
•Forceps more or less like in form to the beak
of the parrot or the vulture(rotrum psittacinum et
vulturinum)
•A screw dilator(dilatatorium cum cochlea)
The End
Thanks, Xandra