The Triple Helix model for an e-Governance Good Practice in Brazil :
The Center of Excellence in ICT in favor of People with Disabilities (CETI-D)
Danilo Piaggesi, Director ,International Knowledge Economy Program (IKEP),
Managing Director, Fondazione Rosselli Americas (FRA)USA
Millennium Institute and Crossover Project:
Transatlantic Research on Policy Modeling
WorkshopJanuary 28th and 29th 2013,
Washington DC, USA
[[email protected]] The triple helix
modelIn the present knowledge society, we
are experiencing a convergence and crossing-over of three worlds which were previously separated:
public research, business and governments; this convergence is represented by the Triple Helix
model2
[[email protected]] The triple helix
modelThe Triple Helix model refers to a
spiral model of innovation that captures multiple reciprocal
relationships among institutional settings (public, private and
academic) at different stages in the capitalization of knowledge
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[[email protected]] The triple helix
modelThe Triple Helix model could be a new
paradigm of development that, when applied along with a good ICT
infrastructure and mindset, could help achieving a more fair distribution of
digital dividends to developing countries, reducing the digital divide
and attaining the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
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[[email protected]] The KE
Today's global economy is one in transition to a Knowledge Economy, that is, an
interconnected, globalized economy where knowledge resources such as know-how, expertise and intellectual
property are as critical as other economic resources such as land, natural resources,
or even manpower.
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[[email protected]] The KE
The Knowledge Economyis characterized by the recognition of
knowledge as a source of competitiveness, where value lies in
new ideas, services and networks, using ICT as an instrument,
not as an end in itself.
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[[email protected]] The KE
• The technological and economic changes of the globalized world offer great opportunities for developing economies and poverty reduction.
• The KE has a pivotal role in propagating sustainable economic growth through the promotion of exports, the improved functioning of markets and the efficiency of government services.
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[[email protected]] The KE
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
PIB
real
per
cap
ita (2
000
US$
)
South Korea
Brazil
GDP per Capita: Brazil vs Korea
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Difference in result due to the accumulation of knowledge in Korea
Difference in result due to capital and job increase in Korea
[[email protected]] The KE
Korea was an early adapter to the KE. 40 years ago Korea and Brazil had the same GDP. Today,
Korea’s GDP is 4,7 that of Brazil.
Korea made huge investments in knowledge-based sectors: making better use of it; using accumulated knowledge (local and imported);
developing skills and innovation.
Improving the effective use of its knowledge potential holds great promise for Brazil’s social
and economic growth and development.9
[[email protected]] The KE
Knowledge Economy (KE) is defined as the added, non-monetary value that society accrues from increased access to data, information and knowledge, using a solid ICT infrastructure.
Capturing and quantifying the value represented by such knowledge and introducing it as a factor in decision
making, is what the Knowledge Economy is about .
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[[email protected]] The KE
KE added value is realized througha concerted effort to capture, analyze, evaluate and disseminate Knowledge
(institutional, cultural, indigenous, etc), and feed it back to the development investment operator and the communities themselves.
KE aims to make Knowledge a valuable instrument for economic development, fostering sustainable
economic growth and reducing poverty, while promoting excellence, innovation and equity.
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[[email protected]] The KE
The KE uses five instruments, known as its “pillars”:InnovationEducation
ICTSocial inclusion
Habilitating policy and institutional regimes
The virtuous cycle produced by simultaneous and seamless investments in these five pillars converts
knowledge into a tangible asset
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The 5 pillars of KE
InterconnectedInterdependent
ICT
EDUCATION
INNOVATION
POLICIES & INSTITUTION
S
SOCIAL INCLUSION
Organizations tap into stock
of global knowledge & adapt it, or create new knowledge
An educated & skilled
population can better use knowledge effectively
Facilitate effective
communication, dissemination & processing of
information
Without social inclusion there can be growth,
but not development
To provide incentives for the
creation and dissemination of
knowledge
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[[email protected]] The KE
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[[email protected]] The KE
Patents issued by USA versus other countries
Note: Two Different scales are used on the same graphSource: IADB (2006): Education, Science and Technology in Latin America and the Caribbean. A Statistical Compendium of Indicators
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[[email protected]] The KE
Scientific and technical journal articles x 100,000 inhabitants
Note: Two Different scales are used on the same graphSource: IADB (2006): Education, Science and Technology in Latin America and the Caribbean. A Statistical Compendium of Indicators
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[[email protected]] The KE & PwD
The challenges:•People with disabilities represent approximately one sixth of the working age population globally and continue to be un-employed and under –employed compared to their nondisabled peers.•In the USA 29% of students with any disability have a learning disability•ICT are opening whole new hosts of opportunity and making education, employment, health, public services, etc. available to the average citizen throughout the world•But ICT are not generally accessible for Pwd
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[[email protected]] The KE & PwD
…. cont. The challenges
•Web-pages that do not meet accessibility guidelines create barriers to student with disabilities. •Inaccessible web-based recruiting systems present an employment roadblock for PwD that prevents them from using a primarily visually-oriented, point and click environment.•Being outside the net means being information poor, being cut from alternative education, health and other public services, thus establishing a pattern of inequality.•Impact of this isolation is particularly damaging in poor countries, where economic limitations reduce the exposure of PwD to progress in ICT, innovation and R&D. 18
[[email protected]] The KE & PwD
The instruments used by the KE can be applied successfully to improve the quality of life and inclusion of
PwD in our society.The KE synoptic approach
multiplies the impact of individual policies focusing on the needs PwD.
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[[email protected]] The KE & PwD• Innovation is at the base of R&D applied to the
specific needs of PwD.• Education –formal and non-formal– accelerates the
incorporation of PwD in society.• ICT is a key interface between PwD and their
environment.• Better interface & greater opportunities mean greater
social inclusion.• To ensure social inclusion, to fund innovation, to make
education accessible to all PwD, to open markets for PwD-oriented ICT, policies and institutions tailored for these purposes are needed.
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[[email protected]] The KE & PwD
Tackling social inclusion through the concept of the KE means applying its instruments
simultaneously and coherently to achieve outcomes such as:
Accessibility to public & private servicesPersonal mobility
Health and education Employment
Habilitation and rehabilitationParticipation in political and social life
Fostering a life of equality and non-discrimination
The KE approach can add an economic dimension to the inclusion of PwD in society.
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[[email protected]] The KE & PwD
PwD are a sector of society whose special capabilities and specific Knowledge prospects remain untapped,
and whose potential contribution to economic and social growth is underestimated and under-realized.
Given adequate means through a KE-based project, PwD can participate actively in:
Knowledge generationKnowledge management
Knowledge utilizationKnowledge transmission
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[[email protected]] The KE & e-
GovernanceAn e-Governance strategy ( a governance using ICT) that
utilizes a comprehensive KE approach to address disparities in access to educational, employment and social opportunities for
the PwD would require:
Governmental initiatives and engagement of policy makers under a triple helix model
Educational initiativesInstitutional changes leading to improved
employer policiesEconomic development initiatives
Support for needed research23
[[email protected]] Macro level
scenarios a) Derived from the triple-helix model --cooperation between
government/industry (private sector)/academia:
• Attract additional investment to the PwD sector, thus multiplying the impact of government expenditure in this sector
• Greater efficiency in the utilization of those financial & human resources that are applied to the PwD sector: (i) academia would produce experts in fields where there is immediate demand, avoiding dispersion of efforts; (ii) industry would generate services and products that respond to government policy, can be absorbed by demand created by government investment, and which are known to future practitioners and students; and (iii) government focuses its investment in those areas where it can have the greatest impact.
• Attract international support to efficient projects, which: (i) would funnel yet additional resources to the PwD sector; and (ii) would greatly accelerate the pace of technology innovation
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[[email protected]] Macro level
scenariosb) Derived from the application of the KE
architecture:
• Government policies in different fields converge to generate more focused, successful and durable interventions
• Labor force (PwD) that would not have otherwise participated in local economies join the markets
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[[email protected]] São Paulo’s CETID
São Paulo’s SEDPcD
(Secretariat for the Rights of the Person with Disability) has launched the creation of the
Centre of Excellence in Technology and Innovation for the social inclusion of PwD
(CETID)to address the challenges identified earlier and tackle
social inclusion using theconcept and instruments of the KE,
in the context of a State-sponsored e-Governance strategy
implemented in accordance to the triple helix model. 26
[[email protected]] São Paulo’s CETID
CETID WILL OPERATE AS:•A promoter of technology and innovation applied to PwD, particularly in:
Microelectronics; Opto-electronics; Material technologies; Mechanical and production engineering; Rehabilitation and biomedical engineering relevant
to disability.•A supporter of the application of ICT to the social inclusion of PwD, under a triple helix model.
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[[email protected]] São Paulo’s CETID
… cont. CETID will operate as:
•A bridge between public research, business and governments (triple helix model)•A facilitator of market information, better services, access to education, and access to learning of new skills to enhance employability.•A certification agency for innovation-rich products and services for PwD.•An incubator of new projects.
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[[email protected]] São Paulo’s CETIDCETID will use KE instruments to promote social inclusion of PwD through their active participation in the economy, raising productivity at the same time as creating social benefits.To do that, CETID will be organized to cover:
Industrial innovation for special needs Innovative labor market for special
needs Social and infrastructure adaptations
for the integration of PwD29
DANILO PIAGGESI
Director, International Knowledge Economy Program (IKEP)
Managing Director, Fondazione Rosselli Americas (FRA)A low-ecological footprint, non-for-profit organization
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Postal address:
6005 Grove DriveAlexandria,VA 22307USA
Email:
[email protected] ; [email protected];[email protected] ID:danilop4456
Telephones:
+1 202 3511149 (main)+1 301 2333095 (mobile)