CRANE
What is crane ? A tall machine used for moving heavy objects by suspending them from a projecting arm with hook.
hseinfoquiz.com
Crane lifting hazard
1. Overload.
2. High wind.
3. crane collapsing or toppling.
4. Contact with live overhead cables.
5. Uneven ground.
6. The load striking against objects or people while being maneuvered.
7. The arm (jib) of the crane striking against other structures during movement.
8. Poor maintenance of crane.
9. Failure to use the outriggers .
10. Incompetent operator and rigger.
Precautions Carefully siting the crane on even, stable ground.
Checking that there are no obstructions, such as buildings or overhead lines.
Ensuring that the load to be lifted is within the safe lifting capacity of the crane.
Using the outriggers correctly.
Restricting use of the crane to trained and competent operators.
Barricade the swing radius of the crane
All equipment must be inspected by third party and validity of inspection must be checked
SWL of the crane and hook shall be marked and highlighted. * Fire extinguisher of approved type & capacity.
All loose material is to be removed from the top of the load
to be continued
Precautions The load is clear of any obstruction.
The load is securely slung (use tie ropes).
Never stand or work under a suspended load.
Tag line must be used.
Periodical maintenance of crane.
Requirement
Web slings color code
SWL FORMULA
CRANE TERMINOLOGY
CRAWLER CRANE
TOWER CRANE
OVERHEAD CRANE
1. Mobile crane
2. Hydraulic crane
3. Overhead crane
4. Gantry crane
5. Tower crane
Types of Cranes
Center of Gravity
Leverage
Stability
Structural Integrity
Cranes Lifting Principles
• Refer to shipping ticket or other documentation
• Ensure lift calculations are correct
• Ensure load is within load chart rating for boom length and load radius of crane
• Crane is rated by the maximum weight it will lift at a minimum radius and minimum boom length – the further from its center point, the less it will lift
Load Moment Indicator
Stay out of the swing radius of the crane
Make sure there are barrier guards showing swing radius
Stay out of the swing radius of the crane
Make sure there are barrier guards showing swing radius
Barricade Affected Area
Types of slings include alloy steel chain, wire rope, metal mesh, natural or synthetic fiber rope, and synthetic web.
Rigging Equipment Slings
Wire rope Chain Metal mesh Synthetic
Respond to signals from an appointed personnel… Here are the standard signals • Hoist with forearm vertical, forefinger pointing up and move hand in
small horizontal circles.
• Lower with arm extended downward, forefinger pointing down. Move hand in small horizontal circles
Move slowly-use one hand to give any motion signals and place the other hand without moving it in front of the hand in motion
Here are the standard signals
Stop-Arm extended, palm down and move arm back and forth.
Trolley travel-Palm up, fingers closed, thumb pointing in direction of motion and jerk hand horizontally.
Emergency stop- Arm extended, palms down, Move hand right and left rapidly.
HAND SIGNALS
Never load beyond rated capacity
Label properly
Never shorten with knots, bolts, or any other device
Protect from sharp edges
Attach securely to the load
Protect hands and fingers
Use care when pulling a sling
Never drag a sling
Do not use a damaged or defective sling
Sling Rules
• Hang slings on a wall
• Never leave on the ground
• Never expose to water, welding sparks, chemicals, etc.
Sling Storage
Vertical
Choker
Basket
Sling Hitches
Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program
LIFTING
Running Rope (Removal)
6 broken wires (random) in 1 lay
3 broken wires 1 strand 1 lay
Wear equal to 1/3 original diameter of outside wires
Kinking, crushing, bird caging, corrosion, etc.
Heat damage (any source)
Reduction in rope diameter (removal)
1/64 for rope upto 5/16
1/32 for rope upto 1/2
3/64 for rope upto 3/4
1/16 for rope upto 7/8 to 1 1/8
3/32 for rope upto 1 1/4 to 1 1/2
Damaged wire rope must be taken out of service
Damaged wire rope must be taken out of service
Damaged Wire Rope Broken Strands
Crushed Rope
Damaged web sling must be taken out of service
Damaged Web Sling
UNSAFE PRACTICE
UNSAFE ACT
UNSAFE ACT AND CONDITION
UNSAFE CONDITION
hseinfoquiz.com
Badshah
hseinfoquiz.com