1. I. KHI NI M CHUNG 1. nh ngha Khi thay th m t hay nhi u nguyn t hi ro trong phn t NH b ng m t hay nhi u g c hi rocacbon ta c amin. 2. Phn lo i C 2 cch phn lo i amin: - Theo c u tao c a g c hi rocacbon: amin thm, amin bo, amin d vng. - Theo b c c a amin: amin b c I, b c II v b c III. B c c a amin c tnh b ng s nguyn t H trong phn t amoniac b thay th b i g c hi rocacbon. 3. Danh php - Tn thay th : Tn Amin = Tn hi rocacbon tng ng theo m ch chnh + s ch v tr + amin. - Tn g c ch c: Tn Amin = Tn g c hi rocacbon tng ng + amin. - Tn thng th ng: anilin, tolui in. 4. Tnh ch t v t l - Amin cng t o c lin k t hi ro v i n c v lin k t hi ro lin phn t nn d tan trong n c v c nhi t si cao hn cc hi rocacbon v d n xu t hi rocacbon c cng KLPT. Tuy nhin, lin k t hi ro c a amin y u hn c a r u nn nhi t si c a amin th p hn c a r u v axit c cng C. - Metylamin, imetylamin, trimetylamin v etylamin l nh ng ch t kh, c mi khai g n gi ng v i NH . - Anilin l ch t l ng, khng mu, r t c, t tan trong n c, tan trong etanol, benzen. II. NG NG - NG PHN 1. ng ng Trong chng trnh ph thng, ch y u ch xt dy ng ng c a amin no, n ch c, m ch h c cc c i m sau: - Cng th c dy ng ng: C H 3 3 n 2n+3 - Khi t chy: 2 2 2 2 2 N. H O CO amin H O CO Nn > n v n = n - n - n Ngoi ra, cng c n ch n dy amin n ch c, m ch h , khng no m t n i i c cng th c C H . n 2n+1 khi t chy cng c 2 2 2 2 2 N H O CO H O CO Nn > n v n = n + n 2. ng phn Cc amin no t C tr i c ng phn v cc b c c a amin, t C c ng phn v v tr c a nhm th - NH v t C c ng phn v m ch C. III. TNH CH T HA H C 1. Ph n ng c a nhm ch c amin a. Tnh baz Do phn t amin c nguyn t N cn i electron cha lin k t (tng t trong phn t NH ) c kh nng nh n proton (H ) nn amin c tnh baz. + - 3 3 32 + - 6 5 2 6 5 3 . 2 3 2 4 3 + CH NH + HCl [CH NH ] Cl (*) C H NH + HCl [C H NH ] Cl vn c, khng tan tan Ch : - Ph n ng (*) t o ra khi tr ng v hi n t ng thng hoa ha h c tng t NH . - Cc mu i amoni h u c t o b i cc amin d b th y phn trong mi tr ng ki m, tng t NH : o 2 o 6 5 6 5 2 3 3 + - t 3 3 3 2 + - t 3 2 [CH NH ] Cl + NaOH CH NH + NaCl + H O [C H NH ] Cl + NaOH C H NH + NaCl + H O tan vn c, khng tan L thuy t tr ng tm v Amin L THUY T TR NG TM V AMIN TI LI U BI GI NG Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

2. L thuy t tr ng tm v Amin - nh h ng c a nhm th n l c baz: nhm y e lm tng m t e nguyn t N lm tng l c baz, nhm ht e lm gi m m t e nguyn t N lm gi m l c baz. C H n 2n+1-NH > H-NH > C H -NH Bi u hi n c th : + 2 2 6 5 2. Metylamin v cc ng ng lm xanh qu tm v lm h ng phenolphtalein. + Anilin v cc amin thm khng lm i mu qu tm v phenolphtalein. b. Ph n ng v i HNO c a amin b c I T ng qut: 2 2 2 2 RNH + HONO ROH + N + H O - VD: 2 5 2 5 2 22C H NH + HONO C H OH + N + H O - Ch : - Axit HNO km b n, ch t n t i trong dung d ch nn i khi trong ph n ng, i u ki n c th l: NaNO + HCl (mu i nitrit c a kim lo i ki m b n hn). - Cc amin thm b c I khi tc d ng v i HNO nhi t th p (0-5 C) t o thnh mu i iazoni (do mu i ny ch b n trong dung d ch v nhi t th p): o 6 5 2 6 5 2 2 2 o 2 20-5 C 2C H NH + HONO + HCl C H N Cl + H O+ - Cc mu i iazoni c vai tr quan tr ng trong t ng h p h u c, c bi t l t ng h p ph m nhu m azo. c. Ph n ng ankyl ha Nguyn t H trong amin b c I ho c b c II c th b th b i g c ankyl khi tc d ng v i d n xu t halogen: 2 5 2 52 3 3C H NH + CH I C H NHCH + HI ng d ng: i u ch amin b c cao hn. 2. Ph n ng th nhn thm c a anilin Do nh h ng y electron c a i e cha lin k t trn nguyn t N trong nhm NH (tng t nhm OH phenol), ph n ng th c a anilin x y ra d dng hn so v i benzen v nh h ng vo cc v tr o- v p-. NH 2 2 + 3Br2 NH2 BrBr Br + 3HBr 2,4,6 - Tribromanilin (kt ta trng) ng d ng: nh n bi t anilin. IV. I U CH V NG D NG 1. i u ch a. Ankyl ha NH Oxh ancol b c I v b c II tng ng. VD: Cho s ph n ng: 3 0 3+CH I (1:1) + HONO + CuO, t 3NH X Y Z Bi t Z c kh nng tham gia ph n ng trng gng. Hai ch t Y v Z l n l t l: A. C H OH, CH CHO B. C H OH, HCHO C. CH OH, HCHO D. CH OH, HCOOH T bi n i Y Z, suy ra Y l r u no n ch c v Z l an ehit tng ng lo i B, D. (Xt thm s l ng C trong X, Y, Z t t l ph n ng u tin, ta d dng c p n ng l C). (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i B 2007) b. Kh h p ch t nitro 2. ng d ng 2 5 3 2 5 3 3 Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

3. Cu 1: Ancol v amin no sau y cng b c: A. (C H ) NH v C H CH OH. B. C H NHCH v C H CH(OH)CH C. (CH ) OH v (CH ) CNH D. (CH ) CHOH v (CH ) CHNH (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i B 2011) Cu 2: S ng phn amin ng v i CTPT C H N l: A. 5. B. 6. C. 7. D. 8. Cu 3: S ng phn c u t o c a amin b c m t c cng cng th c phn t C H N l: A. 4. B. 2. C. 5. D. 3. (Trch thi tuy n sinh Cao ng 2009) Cu 4: S amin b c Ic ch a vng benzen c CTPT C H N l : A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6. Cu 5: S ng phn amin ng v i CTPT C H N v s ng phn amin b c 1, b c 2, b c 3 l n l t l: A. 7, 3, 3, 1. B. 8, 4, 3, 1. C. 8, 3, 3, 2. D. 7, 4, 2, 1. Cu 6: Trong s cc ch t: C H , C H Cl, C H O v C H N; ch t c nhi u ng phn c u t o nh t l: A. C H N. B. C H Cl. C. C H O. D. C H . (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2010) Cu 7: Trong cc ch t d i y, ch t no c l c baz m nh nh t? A. NH B. C H CH NH C. C H NH D. (CH ) NH. Cu 8: S p x p tnh baz tng theo cc dy sau A. C H NH , (C H ) NH, CH NH , C H NH , (C H ) NH. B. (CH ) NH, C H NH , C H NH , (C H ) NH, (C H ) NH. C. (C H ) NH, C H NH , CH NH , C H NH , (C H ) NH. D. C H NH , CH NH , C H NH , (CH ) NH, (C H ) NH, (C H ) NH. Cu 9: Nhng qu tm vo dy cc dung d ch no sau y th qu tm u chuy n sang mu xanh: A. Phenol,anilin,natri axetat. B. R u etylic, anilin,natri axetat. C. Metylamin, natri phenolat, natri axetat. D. Anilin, NH , natri axetat. Cu 10: Nhng qu tm vo dy cc dung d ch no sau y th qu tm u chuy n sang mu xanh: A. natri phenolat, natri etylat, natri fomiat. B. natri phenolat, anilin, natri fomiat. C. natri phenolat, anilin, glixerin. D. phenol, anilin, natri fomiat. Cu 11: Dy g m cc ch t u lm gi y qu tm m chuy n sang mu xanh l: A. anilin, metyl amin, amoniac . B. amoni clorua, metyl amin, natri hi roxit. C. anilin, amoniac, natri hi roxit . D. metyl amin, amoniac, natri axetat. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i B 2007) Cu 12: Cho cc ch t sau: etyl amin, imetyl amin, anilin v amoniac. Th t ng v i tnh baz tng d n l: A. etyl amin < imetyl amin < anilin

4. L thuy t tr ng tm v Amin Cu 15: Metyl amin (CH -NH ) c th tc d ng c v i cc ch t: A. HCl, NaOH, H SO . B. HNO , H PO , NaCl. C. H SO , CuSO , Na CO D. HCl, HNO , CuSO . Cu 16: Cho dy cc ch t: phenol, anilin, phenylamoni clorua, natri phenolat, etanol. S ch t trong dy ph n ng c v i NaOH (trong dung d ch) l: A. 3. B. 2. C. 1. D. 4. Cu 17: C 4 ng nghi m: 1) Benzen + phenol; 2) anilin + dung d ch H SO d; 3) anilin + dung d ch NaOH; 4) anilin + n c. Cc ng nghi m c s tch l p l: A. 1, 2, 3. B. 4. C. 3, 4. D. 1, 3, 4. Cu 18: Pht bi u khng ng l: A. Phenol ph n ng v i dung d ch NaOH, l y mu i v a t o ra cho tc d ng v i dung d ch HCl l i thu c phenol. B. Dung d ch natri phenolat ph n ng v i kh CO , l y k t t a v a t o ra cho tc d ng v i dung d ch NaOH l i thu c natri phenolat. C. Axit axetic ph n ng v i dung d ch NaOH, l y dung d ch mu i v a t o ra cho tc d ng v i kh CO l i thu c axit axetic. D. Anilin ph n ng v i dung d ch HCl, l y mu i v a t o ra cho tc d ng v i dung d ch NaOH l i thu c anilin. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2007) Cu 19: Pht bi u no sau y l ng: A. Anilin tc d ng v i axit nitr khi un nng thu c mu i iazoni. B. Benzen lm m t mu n c brom nhi t th ng. C. Etylamin ph n ng v i axit nitr nhi t th ng, sinh ra b t kh. D. Cc ancol a ch c u ph n ng v i Cu(OH) t o dung d ch mu xanh lam. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2009) Cu 20: Cho cc ch t: etyl axetat, anilin, ancol (r u) etylic, axit acrylic, phenol, phenylamoni clorua, ancol (r u) benzylic, p-crezol. Trong cc ch t ny, s ch t tc d ng c v i dung d ch NaOH l: A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i B 2007) Cu 21: Cho dy cc ch t: phenyl amoniclorua, benzyl clorua, isopropyl clorua, ancol benzylic, m-crezol, natriphenolat, anlyl clorua. S ch t trong dy tc d ng c v i NaOH long un nng l: A. 5. B. 3. C. 4. D. 6. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2011) Cu 22: Cho cc ch t sau: C H OH, C H OH, C H NH , dung d ch C H NH Cl, dung d ch NaOH, CH COOH, dung d ch HCl long. Cho t ng c p ch t tc d ng v i nhau c xc tc, s c p ch t x y ra ph n ng l: A. 10. B. 9. C. 11. D. 8. Cu 23: C 3 ch t l ng: benzen, anilin, stiren, ng ring bi t trong 3 l m t nhn. Thu c th phn bi t 3 ch t l ng trn l: A. n c brom. B. gi y qu tm. C. dung d ch phenolphtalein. D. dung d ch NaOH. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i B 2007) Cu 24: Phng php no th ng dng i u ch amin: A. Cho d n xu t halogen tc d ng v i NH B. Cho r u tc d ng v i NH C. Hi ro ho h p ch t nitrin. D. Kh h p ch t nitro b ng hi ro nguyn t . Cu 25: Cho s ph n ng: 3 2 2 4 3 3 4 2 4 4 2 3 3 4 2 4 2 2 2 2 5 6 5 2 5 2 6 5 3 3 3. 3. 0 3+CH I (1:1) + HONO + CuO, t 3NH X Y Z Bi t Z c kh nng tham gia ph n ng trng gng. Hai ch t Y v Z l n l t l: A. C H OH, CH CHO . B. C H OH, HCHO. C. CH OH, HCHO. D. CH OH, HCOOH. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i B 2007) 2 5 3 2 5 3 3 Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

5. L thuy t tr ng tm v Amin Cu 26: Cho s sau : X C H Y anilin. X v Y l n l t l: A. C H (xiclohexan), C H CH B. C H , C H CH C. C H , C H NO D. CH , C H NO Cu 27: ng d ng no sau y khng ph i c a amin: A. Cng nghi p nhu m. B. Cng nghi p d c. C. Cng nghi p t ng h p h u c. D. Cng nghi p gi y. 6 6 6 12 6 5 3. 2 2 6 5 3. 2 2 6 5 2. 4 6 5 2. Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

6. L thuy t tr ng tm v Amin L THUY T TR NG TM V AMIN P N BI T P T LUY N 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. C 10. A 11. D 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. B 17. D 18. C 19. C 20. C 21. A 22. D 23. A 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. D Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

7. 1. Ph n ng t chy Trong chng trnh ph thng, ch y u ch xt dy ng ng c a amin no, n ch c, m ch h c cc c i m sau: - Cng th c dy ng ng: C Hn 2n+3 - Khi t chy: 2 2 2 2 2 N. H O CO amin H O CO Nn > n v n = n - n - n Ngoi ra, cng c n ch n dy amin n ch c, m ch h , khng no m t n i i c cng th c C H . n 2n+1 khi t chy cng c 2 2 2 2 2 N H O CO H O CO Nn > n v n = n + n M t ch cng r t quan tr ng khc l: khi t chy h p ch t h u c ch a N trong khng kh N Th 2 2 2 . 2 N (sau phn ng) N (khng kh)N (sn phm chy) n = n + n VD : t chy hon ton m gam m t amin n ch c X b ng l ng khng kh v a thu c 1,76 gam CO ; 1,26 gam H O v V lt N ( ktc). Gi thi t khng kh ch g m N v O trong oxi chi m 20% v th tch. Cng th c phn t c a X v th tch V l n l t l: A. X l C H NH ; V = 6,72 lt B. X l C H NH ; V = 6,944 lt C. X l C H NH ; V = 6,72 lt D. X l C H NH ; V = 6,944 lt H ng d n gi i: . 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 5 2 3 7 2 3 7 2 2 5 2 2 2 2 2 H O CO H O 2 7 CO n 7 1,5 n = 0,04 mol; n = 0,07 mol 1,25 < = = 1 + n = 2 C H N n 4 n * Amin n ch c c t l 2 2 H O CO n > 1,25 l amin no, n ch c, m ch h d ng C H n n 2n+3. T ph n ng t chy: 2 5 2 2 2 2 22C H NH + O 4CO + 7H O + N 2N (sp chy)n = 0,01 mol B o ton nguyn t Oxi cho ph n ng t chy, ta c: 2 2 2 2 H O O CO N (t khng kh) n 0,07 n = n + = 0,04 + = 0,075 mol n = 0,075 4 = 0,3 mol 2 2 V = 22,4(0,3 + 0,01) = 6,944 lt VD : Khi t chy hon ton m t amin n ch c X, thu c 8,4 lt kh CO , 1,4 lt kh N (cc th tch kh o ktc) v 10,125 gam H O. Cng th c phn t c a X l (cho H = 1, O = 16): A. C H N B. C H N C. C H N D. C H N (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2007) S d ng k nng tnh nh m, ta d dng c: 8,4 = 1,4 6 t l C : N = 3:1 lo i A, C. * 2 2 2 2 4 9 3 7 2 7 3 9 Thao tc tnh tr c ti p trn th tch, khng c n i ra s mol. 2. Ph n ng v i dung d ch axit Do phn t amin c nguyn t N cn i electron cha lin k t (tng t trong phn t NH ) c kh nng nh n proton (H ) nn amin c tnh baz. Phng php chung gi i cc bi t p lo i ny l Phng php b o ton kh i l ng ho c Phng php tng gi m kh i l ng. VD : Cho 10 gam amin n ch c X ph n ng hon ton v i HCl (d), thu c 15 gam mu i. S ng phn c u t o c a X l: A. 4. B. 8. C. 5. D. 7. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2009) V i amin n ch c, 1 mol amin (v d : -NH ) khi ph n ng v i HCl t o thnh mu i (v d -NH Cl) th kh i l ng tng 36,5g. 3 + 1 2 3 amin amin 4 11 15 - 10 m 10 n = M = = = 73 Amin l C H N 536,5 n 36,5 PHNG PHP GI I CC BI T P C TRNG V AMIN TI LI U BI GI NG Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

8. Phng php gi i cc bi t p c trng v Amin p d ng cng th c tnh nhanh s ng phn ch t h u c, ta d dng tm ra p n ng l 8 (4 b c 1, 3 b c 2 v 1 b c 3) VD : Cho 15 gam h n h p 3 amin n ch c, b c m t tc d ng v a v i dung d ch HCl 1,2M th thu c 18,504 gam mu i. Th tch dung d ch HCl ph i dng l: A. 0,8 lt. B. 0,08 lt . C. 0,4 lt . D. 0,04 lt. 2 T ph n ng: 2 3RNH + HCl RNH Cl B o ton kh i l ng cho ph n ng, ta c: amin HCl muim + m = m 0 096 1 2 18,504 - 15 HCl HCln = = 0,096 mol V = =0,08 lt , 36,5 , 3. Ph n ng lin quan n hi u su t ph n ng i u ch amin Ch y u l cc bi t p v chu i ph n ng t ng h p Anilin t Benzen ho c C H , ch chi u c a ph n ng v yu c u c a bi ton th c hi n php nhn ho c chia Hi u su t cho h p l. 2 2 Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

9. D ng 1: Bi t p v ph n ng t chy amin Cu 1: t chy hon ton m gam m t amin n ch c X b ng l ng khng kh v a thu c 1,76 gam CO ; 1,26 gam H O v V lt N ( ktc). Gi thi t khng kh ch g m N v O trong oxi chi m 20% v th tch. Cng th c phn t c a X v th tch V l n l t l: A. X l C H NH ; V = 6,72 lt. B. X l C H NH ; V = 6,944 lt. C. X l C H NH ; V = 6,72 lt. D. X l C H NH ; V = 6,944 lt. Cu 2: Khi t chy hon ton m t ng ng c a metyl amin thu c CO v H O theo t l mol l 2:3. ng ng c CTPT l: A. C H N. B. C H N. C. C H N. D. CH N. Cu 3: t chy m t amin no n ch c m ch khng phn nhnh ta thu c CO v H O c t l mol 8 112 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 5 2 3 7 2 3 7 2 2 5 2 2 2 2 7 3 6 3 9 5 2 2 CO H On : n := . CTCT c a X l: A. (C H ) NH. B. CH (CH ) NH C. CH NHCH CH CH D. C 3. Cu 4: Phn tch 6 gam ch t h u c A thu c 8,8 gam CO ; 7,2 gam H O v 2,24 lt N ( ktc). M t khc, 0,1 mol A ph n ng v a v i 0,2 mol HCl. Cng th c phn t c a A l: A. C H N. B. C H N C. C H N D. C H N Cu 5: t chy hon ton h n h p X g m 2 amin no n ch c k ti p nhau trong dy ng ng, thu c 22 gam CO v14,4 gam H O. CTPT c a hai amin l: A. CH NH v C H N. B. C H N v C H N. C. C H N v C H N. D. C H N v C H N. Cu 6: Khi t chy hon ton m t amin n ch c X, thu c 8,4 lt kh CO , 1,4 lt kh N (cc th tch kh o ktc) v 10,125 gam H O. Cng th c phn t c a X l (cho H = 1, O = 16): A. C H N. B. C H N. C. C H N. D. C H N. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2007) Cu 7: t chy hon ton h n h p 2 amin no n ch c ng ng lin ti p, ta thu ct l th tch V 2 5 2 3 2 2 2. 3 2 2 3. 2 2 2 2 7 2 8 2. 2 7 2. 3 8 2. 2 2 3 2 2 7 2 7 3 9 3 9 4 11 4 11 5 13 2 2 2 4 9 3 7 2 7 3 9 CO2 V : H2O ( cng k) = 8 : 17. Cng th c c a 2 amin l: A. C H NH , C H NH B. C H NH , C H NH C. C H NH , C H NH D. CH NH , C H NH Cu 8: t chy hon ton m gam m t amin X b ng 1 l ng khng kh v a thu c 17,6 gam CO , 12,6 gam H O v 69,44 lit N ( ktc). Gi thi t khng kh ch g m N v O , trong O chi m 20% th tch khng kh. CTPT c a X l: A. C H N. B. C H N. C. C H N. D. CH N. Cu 9: t chy hon ton h n h p hai amin no, n ch c, l ng ng lin ti p, thu c 2,24 lt kh CO ( ktc) v 3,6 gam H O. Cng th c phn t c a 2 amin l: A. CH N v C H N. B. C H N v C H N. C. C H N v C H N. D. C H N v C H N. Cu 10: t chy hon ton m gam h n h p 3 amin thu c 3,36 lt CO ( ktc) v 5,4 gam H O v 1,12 lt N ( ktc). Gi tr c a m l: A. 3,6. B. 3,8. C. 4. D. 3,1. Cu 11: t chy hon ton V lt hi m t amin X b ng m t l ng oxi v a t o ra 8V lt h n h p g m kh cacbonic, kh nit v hi n c (cc th tch kh v hi u o cng i u ki n). Amin X tc d ng v i axit nitr nhi t th ng, gi i phng kh nit. Ch t X l: A. CH -CH -CH -NH . B. CH =CH-CH -NH . C. CH -CH -NH-CH . D. CH =CH-NH-CH . (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2010) Cu 12: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol m t amin no, m ch h X b ng oxi v a , thu c 0,5 mol h n h p Y g m kh v hi. Cho 4,6 gam X tc d ng v i dung d ch HCl (d), s mol HCl ph n ng l: A. 0,1. B. 0,4. C. 0,3. D. 0,2. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i B 2010) 2 5 2 3 7 2. 4 9 2 5 11 2. 3 7 2 4 9 2. 3 2 2 5 2. 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 11 2 7 3 9 5 2 2 5 2 7 2 7 3 9 3 9 4 11 2 5 3 7 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 PHNG PHP GI I CC BI T P C TRNG V AMIN BI T P T LUY N Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

10. Phng php gi i cc bi t p c trng v Amin Cu 13: Thnh ph n % kh i l ng c a Nit trong h p ch t h u c C H N l 23,73%. S ng phn amin b c I th a mn i u ki n trn l: A. 3. B. 1. C. 4. D. 2. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2011) Cu 14: H p ch t h u c m ch h X ch a cc nguyn t C, H, N trong c 23,72% l ng N. X tc d ng v i HCl theo t l mol 1 : 1. Cu tr l i no sau y l sai: A. X l h p ch t amin. B. C u t o c a X l amin n ch c, no. C. N u cng th c X l C H N th z = 1. D. N u cng th c X l C H N th m i lin h 2x - y = 45. D ng 2: Bi t p v ph n ng c a amin v i dung d ch axit v cc tnh ch t ha h c khc Cu 1: trung ha 25 gam dung d ch c a m t amin n ch c X n ng 12,4% c n dng 100 ml dung d ch HCl 1M. Cng th c phn t c a X l: A. C H N. B. C H N. C. C H N. D. CH N. (Trch thi tuy n sinh Cao ng 2007) Cu 2: Cho l ng d anilin ph n ng hon ton v i dung d ch ch a 0,05 mol H SO long, l ng mu i thu c b ng: A. 28,4 gam. B. 19,1 gam. C. 14,2 gam. D. 7,1 gam. Cu 3: Cho 9,3 gam m t ankylamin tc d ng v i dung d ch FeCl d thu c 10,7 gamk t t a. CTCT c a ankyl amin l: A. C H NH B. C H NH C. C H NH D. CH NH Cu 4: Cho 9,3 gam anilin (C H NH ) tc d ng v a v i axit HCl. Kh i l ng mu i thu c l: A. 11,95 gam. B. 12,95 gam. C. 12,59 gam. D. 11,85 gam. Cu 5: Cho m t h n h p A ch a NH , C H NH v C H OH. A c trung ho b i 0,02 mol NaOH ho c 0,01 mol HCl. A cng ph n ng v a v i 0,075 mol Br t o k t t a. S mol cc ch t NH , C H NH v C H OH l n l t l: A. 0,010 mol; 0,005 mol v 0,020 mol. B. 0,005 mol; 0,005 mol v 0,020 mol. C. 0,010 mol; 0,020 mol v 0,005 mol. D. 0,010 mol; 0,010mol v 0,020 mol. Cu 6: H n h p X g m 2 amin n ch c no, l ng ng k ti p nhau. Cho m t l ng h n h p X ph n ng v a v i 100 ml dung d ch H SO 1M thu c 17,4 gam h n h p 2 mu i. Kh i l ng c a 2 amin l: A. 7,2 gam C H NH ; 6,5 gam C H NH B. 4,5 gam C H NH ; 3,8 gam C H NH C. 3,1 gam CH NH ; 4,5 gam C H NH D. 4,5 gam C H NH ; 7,8 gam C H NH Cu 7: Cho 5,9 gam amin n ch c X tc d ng v a v i dung d ch HCl, sau khi ph n ng x y ra hon ton thu c dung d ch Y. Lm bay hi dung d ch Y c 9,55 gam mu i khan. S cng th c c u t o ng v i cng th c phn t c a X l: A. 5. B. 4. C. 2. D. 3. (Trch thi tuy n sinh Cao ng 2008) Cu 8: Cho 10 gam amin n ch c X ph n ng hon ton v i HCl (d), thu c 15 gam mu i. S ng phn c u t o c a X l: A. 4. B. 8. C. 5. D. 7. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2009) Cu 9: Trung ho hon ton 8,88 gam m t amin (b c m t, m ch cacbon khng phn nhnh) b ng axit HCl, t o ra 17,64 gam mu i. Amin c cng th c l: A. H NCH CH CH CH NH . B. CH CH CH NH . C. H NCH CH NH . D. H NCH CH CH NH x y x y z x y z 2 7 3 7 3 5 5 2 4 3 2 5 2. 3 7 2. 4 9 2. 3 2. 6 5 2 3 6 5 2 6 5 2 3 6 5 2 6 5 2 4 2 5 2 3 7 2. 2 5 2 3 7 2. 3 2 2 5 2. 2 5 2 3 5 2. 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 . (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i B 2010) Cu 10: Cho 1,52 gam h n h p 2 amin n ch c no ( c tr n v i s mol b ng nhau) tc d ng v a v i 200 ml dung d ch HCl, thu c 2,98 gam mu i . K t qu no sau y khng chnh xc? A. N ng mol c a dung d ch HCl b ng 0,2M. B. S mol m i ch t l 0,02 mol. C. Tn g i c a 2 amin l metyl amin v etyl amin. D. Cng th c phn t c a 2 amin l CH N v C H N.5 2 7 Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

11. Phng php gi i cc bi t p c trng v Amin Cu 11: Cho 15 gam h n h p 3 amin n ch c, b c m t tc d ng v a v i dung d ch HCl 1,2M th thu c 18,504 gam mu i. Th tch dung d ch HCl ph i dng l: A. 0,8 lt. B. 0,08 lt. C. 0,4 lt . D. 0,04 lt. Cu 12: Cho ch t h u c X c cng th c phn t C H O N tc d ng v i dung d ch NaOH, thu c ch t h u c n ch c Y v cc ch t v c. Kh i l ng phn t (theo vC) c a Y l: A. 85. B. 68. C. 45. D. 46. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i B 2008) Cu 13: Mu i 2 8 3 2 6 5 2C H N Cl+ - (phenyl iazoni clorua) c sinh ra khi cho C H -NH (anilin) tc d ng v i NaNO trong dung d ch HCl nhi t th p (0-5 C). i u ch c 14,05 gam 6 5 2 0 2 6 5 2C H N Cl+ - (v i hi u su t 100%), l ng C H -NH v NaNO c n dng v a l: A. 0,1 mol v 0,4 mol. B. 0,1 mol v 0,2 mol. C. 0,1 mol v 0,1 mol. D. 0,1 mol v 0,3 mol. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i B 2008) D ng 3: Bi t p i u ch amin c km theo hi u su t Cu 1: Ng i ta i u ch anilin b ng s sau: 3 o 2 4 6 5 2 2 + HNO Fe + HCl H SO t Benzen Nitrobenzen Anilin c c Bi t hi u su t giai o n t o thnh nitrobenzen t 60% v hi u su t giai o n t o thnh anilin t 50%. Kh i l ng anilin thu c khi i u ch t 156 gam benzen l: A. 186,0 gam. B. 55,8 gam. C. 93,0 gam. D. 111,6 gam. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i B 2009) Cu 2: Cho 500 gam benzen ph n ng v i HNO ( c) c m t H SO c, s n ph m thu c em kh thnh anilin. N u hi u su t chung c a qu trnh l 78% th kh i l ng anilin thu c l: A. 456 gam. B. 564 gam. C. 465 gam. D. 546 gam. 3 2 4 Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

12. I. P N D ng 1: Bi t p v ph n ng t chy amin 1. D 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. B 6. D 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. B 11. A 12. D 13. D 14. D D ng 2: Bi t p v ph n ng c a amin v i dung d ch axit v cc tnh ch t Ha h c khc 1. D 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. D 10. C 11. B 12. C 13. C D ng 3: Bi t p i u ch amin c km theo hi u su t 1. B 2. C II. H NG D N GI I D ng 1: Bi t p v ph n ng t chy amin Cu 1: 2 2 2 2 H O CO H O 2 7 CO n 7 1,5 n = 0,04 mol; n = 0,07 mol 1,25 < = = 1 + n = 2 C H N n 4 n * Amin n ch c c t l 2 2 H O CO n > 1,25 l amin no, n ch c, m ch h d ng C H n n 2n+3. T ph n ng t chy: 2 5 2 2 2 2 22C H NH + O 4CO + 7H O + N 2N (sp chy)n = 0,01 mol B o ton nguyn t Oxi cho ph n ng t chy, ta c: 2 2 2 2 H O O CO N (t khng kh) n 0,07 n = n + = 0,04 + = 0,075 mol n = 0,075 4 = 0,3 mol 2 2 V = 22,4(0,3 + 0,01) = 6,944 lt Cu 6: S d ng k nng tnh nh m, ta d dng c: 8,4 = 1,4 6 t l C : N = 3:1 lo i A, C. * Thao tc tnh tr c ti p trn th tch, khng c n i ra s mol. D ng 2: Bi t p v ph n ng c a amin v i dung d ch axit v cc tnh ch t Ha h c khc Cu 8: V i amin n ch c, 1 mol amin (v d : -NH ) khi ph n ng v i HCl t o thnh mu i (v d -NH Cl) th kh i l ng tng 36,5g. 2 3 amin amin 4 11 15 - 10 m 10 n = M = = = 73 Amin l C H N 536,5 n 36,5 p d ng cng th c tnh nhanh s ng phn ch t h u c, ta d dng tm ra p n ng l 8 (4 b c 1, 3 b c 2 v 1 b c 3) Cu 11: T ph n ng: 2 3RNH + HCl RNH Cl B o ton kh i l ng cho ph n ng, ta c: amin HCl muim + m = m 0 096 1 2 18,504 - 15 HCl HCln = = 0,096 mol V = =0,08 lt , 36,5 , Cu 12: X + NaOH ch t h u c Y v cc ch t v c X l CH CH NH NO 3 2 3 3 PHNG PHP GI I CC BI T P C TRNG V AMIN P N V H NG D N GI I BI T P T LUY N Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

13. Ph n ng : CH CH NH NO + NaOH CH CH NH + NaNO + H O Y l CH CH NH (M = 45 vC). Cu 13: @ p n C. Ph n ng : C H NH + NaNO + HCl 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 6 5 2 2 6 5 2C H N Cl+ - + 2H O Lo i A, B, D Duy ch c C ng ! 2 Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

14. I. KHI NI M CHUNG 1. nh ngha Amino axit l lo i h p ch t h u c t p ch c m phn t ch a ng th i nhm amino (-NH ) v nhm cacboxyl (-COOH). 2. Danh php Coi amino axit l axit cacboxylic c nhm th -NH g c hi rocacbon. - Tn thay th : Tn Amino axit = S ch v tr + amino + tn h th ng c a axit tng ng. - Tn n a h th ng: Tn Amino axit = K hi u ch v tr + amino + tn thng th ng c a axit tng ng. - Tn thng th ng: Glyxin, Alanin, Valin, ... - H th ng k hi u 3 ch : cc amino axit cn c th k hi u b ng 3 ch ci u tin trong tn thng th ng. 3. Tnh ch t v t l Cc amino axit l nh ng ch t r n d ng tinh th khng mu, c nhi t nng ch y cao v d tan trong n c do chng t n t i d ng l ng c c (mu i n i phn t - h p ch t ion). 2 2 R-CH-COO- + 3NH R-CH-COOH NH2 dng ion lng cc dng phn t II. NG NG - NG PHN Trong chng trnh ch y u ch xt n m t vi amino axit quen thu c trong c Gly, Ala v Val l cng dy ng ng. Amino axit c ng phn v m ch C v v tr c a nhm ch c. III. TNH CH T HA H C 1. Tnh ch t axit baz c a dung d ch amino axit - Amino axit c tnh l ng tnh: 2 2 3 2 2 2 22 2 H N-CH -COOH + HCl H N CH COOHCl H N-CH -COOH + NaOH H NCH COONa + H O + - - Dung d ch amino axit c th trung tnh, axit ho c baz ty thu c vo t l s nhm ch c -NH : s nhm ch c COOH. N u t s trn (k): + 2 k = 1 mi tr ng trung tnh, khng i mu qu tm. VD: Gly, Ala, ... + k > 1 mi tr ng baz, qu tm chuy n thnh mu xanh. VD: Lys, ... + k < 1 mi tr ng axit, qu tm chuy n thnh mu h ng. VD: Glu, ... C cc dung d ch ring bi t sau: VD: C H NH Cl (phenylamoni clorua), NH CH CH CH(NH )COOH, ClNH CH COOH, HOOC CH CH CH(NH )COOH, NH CH COONa S l ng cc dung d ch c pH < 7 l: A. 2. B. 4. C. 5. D. 3. p n D. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2008) 2. Ph n ng este ha c a nhm -COOH Ph n ng x y ra tng t nh axit cacboxylic (c axit v c xc tc, ph n ng thu n ngh ch) VD: (k) 2 2 6 5 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 HCl 2 2 2 5 2 2 5H N-CH -COOH + C H OH H NCH COOC H + H O VD : t chy hon ton m t l ng ch t h u c X thu c 3,36 lt kh CO , 0,56 lt kh N (cc kh o ktc) v 3,15 gam H O. Khi X tc d ng v i dung d ch NaOH thu c s n ph m c mu i H N-CH - COONa. Cng th c c u t o thu g n c a X l: A. H N-CH -CH -COOH. B. H N-CH -COO-CH 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3. L THUY T V BI T P C TRNG V AMINOAXIT TI LI U BI GI NG Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

15. C. H N-CH -COO-C H D. H N-CH -COO-C H (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2007) p n B. S d ng k nng tnh nh m, ta d dng c: 3,36 = 0,56 6 t l C : N = 3:1 lo i C, D. * 2 2 3 7. 2 2 2 5. T l v th tch cng l t l v s mol nn ta tnh ton ngay v i th tch m khng c n chuy n v s mol, m c d cc s li u th tch y u ktc v d dng chuy n i thnh s mol. X tc d ng v i dung d ch NaOH thu c s n ph m c mu i H N-CH -COONa lo i A. VD : Cho 1 mol amino axit X ph n ng v i dung d ch HCl (d), thu c m gam mu i Y. Cng 1 mol amino axit X ph n ng v i dung d ch NaOH (d), thu c m gam mu i Z. Bi t m m =7,5. Cng th c phn t c a X l: A. C H O N B. C H O N. C. C H O N D. C H O N. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2009) p n B. Phn tch bi: bi t p ph n ng c a aminoaxit v i dung d ch ki m ho c axit c cho bi t kh i l ng c a mu i t o thnh th ta th ng p d ng Phng php Tng gi m kh i l ng. Phng php truy n th ng: G i CTPT c a X d ng (H N) -R-(COOH) ( ( 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 4 10 2 2. 5 9 4 4 8 4 2. 5 11 2 2 a b + HCl 3 ) )a b - - kh i l ng tng 36,5a gam.ClH N R COOH ( () )+ NaOH 2 a b - - kh i l ng tng 22b gam.H N R COONa Do , 22b 36,5a = 7,5 a = 1 v b = 2 X c 2 nguyn t N v 4 nguyn t O. Phng php kinh nghi m: Ta th y 1 mol NH 1 mol NH Cl th kh i l ng tng 36,5g. 1 mol COOH 1 mol COONa th kh i l ng tng 22g. th m bi l i cho m > m s nhm COOH ph i nhi u hn s nhm NH * 2 3 2 1 2. Cng c th suy lu n r ng: 7,5 l 1 s l (0,5) nn s nhm NH ph i l 1 s l , d dng lo i c p n C v D. T 4 p n, suy ra k t qu ng ph i l B. VD : H p ch t X m ch h c cng th c phn t l C H NO . Cho 10,3 gam X ph n ng v a v i dung d ch NaOH sinh ra m t ch t kh Y v dung d ch Z. Kh Y n ng hn khng kh, lm gi y qu tm m chuy n mu xanh. Dung d ch Z c kh nng lm m t mu n c brom. C c n dung d ch Z thu c m gam mu i khan. Gi tr c a m l: A. 8,2. B. 10,8. C. 9,4. D. 9,6. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2009) p n C. T c i m ha h c c a Y, ta th y Y ph i l 1 amin h u c (c khng t hn 1C) X l mu i c a amoni h u c Z l 1 mu i natri c a axit cacboxylic, Z c khng qu 3C (trong c 1C trong nhm COO-) v dung d ch Z c kh nng lm m t mu dung d ch brom Z l HCOONa ho c CH =CH-COONa. D dng c n = 0,1 mol p n ng l 9,4g ho c 6,8g. Trong tr ng h p bi ny, ta bu c ph i ch n p n ng l C, y l m t thi u st c a bi. Bi t p ny khng kh, ch i h i nh ng suy lu n c b n nhng kh hay. 3. Ph n ng c a nhm NH v i HNO Tng t amin. 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 4 9 2 2 X 2 2 H N-CH -COOH + HONO HO-CH -COOH + N + H O - 4. Ph n ng trng ngng Cc amino axit c th k t h p v i nhau t o thnh cc polime b ng ph n ng trng ngng do nhm COOH ph n ng v i nhm NH gi i phng H O. IV. NG D NG - L nguyn li u c u t o nn peptit protein trong c th s ng. - L nguyn li u cho cng nghi p d c ph m v th c ph m (thu c b , gia v , ...). - L nguyn li u s n xu t nilon 6, nilon 7, ... 2 2 Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

16. Cu 1: Pht bi u khng ng l: A. Trong dung d ch, H N-CH -COOH cn t n t i d ng ion l ng c c2 2 3 2H N CH COO+ - - - B. Aminoaxit l h p ch t h u c t p ch c, phn t ch a ng th i nhm amino v nhm cacboxyl. C. H p ch t H N-CH -COOH N-CH l este c a glyxin (hay glixin). D. Aminoaxit l nh ng ch t r n, k t tinh, tan t t trong n c v c v ng t. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2008) Cu 2: Nh n nh no sau y khng ng? A. Cc aminoaxit l nh ng ch t r n, c nhi t nng ch y cao v d tan trong n c v chng t n t i d ng ion l ng c c. B. Aminoaxit ngoi d ng phn t (H NRCOOH) cn c d ng ion l ng c c H N RCOO . C. Aminoaxit l h p ch t t p ch c m phn t ch a ng th i nhm cacboxyl v nhm amino. D. Nhi t nng ch y c a H NCH COOH > CH (CH ) NH > CH CH COOH. Cu 3: Tn c a h p ch t CTCT nh sau: 2 2 3 3 + - 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 5 2 3 2 2 CH - CH - CH - CH - COOH | | l: C H NH A. axit 4-metyl-2-aminohexanoic. B. axit 2-amino-4-etylpentanoic. C. axit 3-metyl-1-aminohexanoic. D. axit 2-amino-4-metylhexanoic. Cu 4: Cng th c phn t no d i y khng th l amino axit (ch mang nhm ch c NH v COOH): A. C H NO B. C H N O C. C H N O D. C H NO Cu 5: S ng phn amino axit c cng th c phn t C H O N l: A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 1. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2011) Cu 6: ng v i cng th c phn t C H O N c bao nhiu ch t v a ph n ng c v i dung d ch NaOH, v a ph n ng c v i dung d ch HCl? A. 2. B. 3. C. 1. D. 4. (Trch thi tuy n sinh Cao ng 2010) Cu 7: Ch t no d i y c tnh l ng tnh: A. H N-CH COOH. B. CH COONH C. NaHCO D. T t c u ng. Cu 8: ch ng minh aminoaxit l h p ch t l ng tnh ta c th dng ph n ng c a ch t ny l n l t v i: A. dung d ch KOH v dung d ch HCl. B. dung d ch NaOH v dung d ch NH . C. dung d ch HCl v dung d ch Na SO . D. dung d ch KOH v CuO. Cu 9: Cho dy cc ch t: C H OH (phenol), C H NH (anilin), H NCH COOH, CH CH COOH, CH CH CH NH . S ch t trong dy tc d ng c v i dung d ch HCl l: A. 4. B. 2. C. 3. D. 5. (Trch thi tuy n sinh Cao ng 2008) Cu 10: Cho cc ch t: (I) metyl axetat; (II) amoni axetat; (III) metyl amino axetat; (IV) etyl amoni nitrat; (V) axit glutamic; (VI) axit gluconic; (VII) natri axetat. Dy g m cc ch t v a tc d ng v i HCl, v a tc d ng v i NaOH l: A. I, II, III, IV, V, VII. B. I, III, IV, V. C. I, II, III, V, VII. D. II, III, V, VII. Cu 11: Cho cc lo i h p ch t: aminoaxit (X), mu i amoni c a axit cacboxylic (Y), amin (Z), este c a aminoaxit (T). Dy g m cc lo i h p ch t u tc d ng c v i dung d ch NaOH v u tc d ng c v i dung d ch HCl l: A. X, Y, Z, T. B. X, Y, T. C. X, Y, Z. D. Y, Z, T. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i B 2007) Cu 12: Cho t ng ch t H NCH COOH, CH COOH, CH COOCH l n l t tc d ng v i dung d ch NaOH (t ) v v i dung d ch HCl (t ). S ph n ng x y ra l: A. 3. B. 6. C. 4. D. 5. (Trch thi tuy n sinh Cao ng 2009) Cu 13: Hai ch t no sau y u tc d ng v i dung d ch NaOH long? 2 4 7 2. 4 10 2 2. 5 14 2 2. 3 5 2. 3 7 2 2 7 2 2 2 3 4. 3. 3 2 4 6 5 6 5 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 o o L THUY T V BI T P C TRNG V AMINOAXIT BI T P T LUY N Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

17. A. CH NH Cl v CH NH B. CH NH Cl v H NCH COONa. C. CH NH v H NCH COOH. D. ClH NCH COOC H v H NCH COOC H (Trch thi tuy n sinh Cao ng 2011) Cu 14: Dung d ch no sau y lm qu tm chuy n mu xanh? A. Glyxin. B. Etylamin. C. Anilin. D. Phenylamoni clorua. (Trch thi tuy n sinh Cao ng 2010) Cu 15: Dung d ch no sau y lm qu tm i thnh mu xanh? A. Dung d ch glyxin. B. Dung d ch lysin. C. Dung d ch alanin. D. Dung d ch valin. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2011) Cu 16: Cho cc dung d ch: C H NH Cl (phenylamoni clorua), NH CH CH CH(NH )COOH, ClNH CH COOH, HOOCCH CH CH(NH )COOH, NH CH COONa. S l ng cc dung d ch c pH < 7 l: A. 2. B. 4. C. 5. D. 3. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2008) Cu 17: Cho cc nh n nh sau: (1). Alanin lm qu tm ha xanh. (2). Axit Glutamic lm qu tm ha . (3). Lysin lm qu tm ha xanh. (4). Axit - amino caporic l nguyn li u s n xu t nilon 6. S nh n nh ng l: A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4. Cu 18: Ch n cu pht bi u sai: A. Amino axit l h p ch t h u c t p ch c. B. Tnh baz c a C H NH y u hn NH . C. Cng th c t ng qut c a amin no, m ch h , n ch c l C H 3 3 3 2. 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 5 2 2 2 5. 6 5 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 6 5 2 3 n 2n + 3N (n 1). D. Dung d ch c a cc amino axit u lm qu tm chuy n sang mu . Cu 19: Alanin c th ph n ng c v i bao nhiu ch t trong cc ch t cho sau y: Ba(OH) ; CH OH; H N-CH -COOH; HCl; Cu; CH NH ; C H OH; Na SO ; H SO . A. 4. B. 5. C. 6. D. 7. Cu 20: phn bi t 3 dung d ch H NCH COOH, CH COOH v C H NH ch c n dng m t thu c th l: A. dung d ch NaOH. B. dung d ch HCl. C. natri kim lo i. D. qu tm. Cu 21: H p ch t h u c A c cng th c phn t l C H O N, A tc d ng c v i dung d ch NaOH, dung d ch HCl v lm m t mu dung d ch brom. Cng th c c u t o ng c a A l: A. CH CH(NH )COOH. B. CH =CHCOONH . C. HCOOCH CH NH . D. H NCH CH COOH. Cu 22: Hai h p ch t h u c X v Y c cng cng th c phn t l C H NO , u l ch t r n i u ki n th ng. Ch t X ph n ng v i dung d ch NaOH, gi i phng kh. Ch t Y c ph n ng trng ngng. Cc ch t X v Y l n l t l: A. amoni acrylat v axit 2-aminopropionic. B. axit 2-aminopropionic v amoni acrylat. C. vinylamoni fomat v amoni acrylat. D. axit 2-aminopropionic v axit 3-aminopropionic. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i B 2010) Cu 23: A l m t h p ch t h u c c CTPT C H O N. un A v i dung d ch NaOH thu c m t h p ch t c CTPT C H O NNa v ch t h u c B. Cho hi B qua CuO, t thu c ch t h u c D c kh nng cho ph n ng trng gng. CTCT c a A l: A. CH =CHCOONH C H B. CH (CH ) NO C. H NCH CH COOC H D. NH CH COOCH CH CH Cu 24: M t ch t h u c X c CTPT C H O N. Cho X tc d ng v i dung d ch NaOH un nh , thu c mu i Y v kh lm xanh gi y qu t m t. Nung Y v i vi ti xt thu c kh metan. CTCT ph h p c a X l: A. CH COOCH NH B. C H COONH 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 5 2 4 2 4 2 2 3 2 5 2 3 7 2 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 7 2 5 11 2 0 2 4 2 2 3 2 5. 3 2 4 2. 2 2 2 2 5. 2 2 2 2 3. 3 9 2 3 2 2. 2 5 4. Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

18. C. CH COONH CH D. C A, B, C. Cu 25: Cho hai h p ch t h u c X, Y c cng cng th c phn t l C H NO . Khi ph n ng v i dung d ch NaOH, X t o ra H NCH COONa v ch t h u c Z; cn Y t o ra CH =CHCOONa v kh T. Cc ch t Z v T l n l t l: A. CH OH v CH NH . B. C H OH v N C. CH OH v NH D. CH NH v NH (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i B 2009) Cu 26: A l h p ch t h u c c CTPT l C H O N. un nng A v i dung d ch NaOH thu c mu i B c CTPT l C H O NNa (c 1 nhm -NH ). CTCT c a A l: A. H N-CH -COOC H B. CH -NH-COOC H C. H N-CH -CH -COOCH D. CH -NH-CH COOCH Cu 27: Ch t X c cng th c phn t C H O N. Bi t: X + NaOH Y + CH O. Y + HCl (d) Z + NaCl. Cng th c c u t o c a X v Z l n l t l: A. H NCH CH COOCH v CH CH(NH Cl)COOH. B. CH CH(NH )COOCH v CH CH(NH Cl)COOH. C. CH CH(NH )COOCH v CH CH(NH )COOH. D. H NCH COOC H v ClH NCH COOH. (Trch thi tuy n sinh Cao ng 2009) Cu 28: t chy hon ton m t l ng ch t h u c X thu c 3,36 lt kh CO , 0,56 lt kh N (cc kh o ktc) v 3,15 gam H O. Khi X tc d ng v i dung d ch NaOH thu c s n ph m c mu i H N-CH - COONa. Cng th c c u t o thu g n c a X l: A. H N-CH -CH -COOH. B. H N-CH -COO-CH C. H N-CH -COO-C H D. H N-CH -COO-C H (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2007) Cu 29: M t amino axit X c cng th c t ng qut NH RCOOH. t chy hon ton a mol X thu c 6,72 lt CO ( ktc) v 6,75 gam H O. CTCT c a X l: A. CH NH COOH. B. CH NH CH COOH. C. CH CH(NH )COOH . D. C B v C . Cu 30: t chy hon ton 22,455 gam h n h p X g m CH CH(NH )COOH v CH COONH CH thu c CO , H O v N c t ng kh i l ng l 85,655 gam. Th tch kh O ( ktc) dng t chy h n h p X l: A. 44,24 lt . B. 42,8275 lt. C. 128,4825 lt . D. 88,48 lt. Cu 31: t chy hon ton h p ch t A (ch a cc nguyn t C, H, O, N) thu c h n h p B g m CO , hi H O v N c t kh i hi so v i H l 13,75. Cho B qua bnh I ng P O d v bnh II ng KOH r n d th th y t l tng kh i l ng c a bnh II so v i bnh I l 1,3968. S mol O c n dng b ng m t n a t ng s mol CO v H O. Bi t 3 3 3. 3 7 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 5 2. 3 3. 3 2 3. 4 9 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 5. 3 2 5. 2 2 2 3. 3 2 3. 4 9 2 4 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 5 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3. 2 2 3 7. 2 2 2 5. 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 5 2 2 2 A anilinM < M . Cng th c phn t c a A l: A. C H O N. B. C H O N. C. C H O N D. C H O N. Cu 32: H n h p X g m 1 mol aminoaxit no, m ch h v 1 mol amin no, m ch h . X c kh nng ph n ng t i a v i 2 mol HCl ho c 2 mol NaOH. t chy hon ton X thu c 6 mol CO , x mol H O v y mol N . Cc gi tr x, y tng ng l: A. 7 v 1,0. B. 8 v 1,5. C. 8 v 1,0. D. 7 v 1,5. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2010) Cu 33: Aminoaxit X c d ng H NRCOOH (R l g c hi rocacbon). Cho 0,1 mol X ph n ng h t v i dung d ch HCl d thu c dung d ch ch a 11,15 gam mu i. Tn g i c a X l; A. glyxin. B. valin. C. alanin. D. phenylamin. (Trch thi tuy n sinh Cao ng 2011) Cu 34: Cho 12,55 gam mu i CH CH(NH Cl)COOH tc d ng v i 150 ml dung d ch Ba(OH) 1M. C c n dung d ch sau ph n ng thu c m gam ch t r n. Gi tr c a m l: A. 15,65 gam. B. 26,05 gam . C. 34,6 gam. D. K t qu khc . 2 7 2 3 7 2 3 7 2 2. 2 5 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

19. L thuy t v bi t p c trng v Aminoaxit Cu 35: Cho 4,41 gam m t aminoaxit X tc d ng v i dung d ch NaOH d cho ra 5,73 gam mu i. M t khc cng l ng X nh trn n u cho tc d ng v i dung d ch HCl d thu c 5,505 gam mu i clorua. CTCT c a X l: A. HOOC-CH CH CH(NH )COOH. B. CH CH(NH )COOH. C. HOOCCH CH(NH )CH COOH. D. C A v C. (Trch thi tuy n sinh Cao ng 2007) Cu 36: -aminoaxit X ch a m t nhm -NH . Cho 10,3 gam X tc d ng v i axit HCl (d), thu c 13,95 gam mu i khan. Cng th c c u t o thu g n c a X l: A. H NCH COOH. B. H NCH CH COOH . C. CH CH CH(NH )COOH. D. CH CH(NH )COOH . (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2007) Cu 37: Trong phn t aminoaxit X c m t nhm amino v m t nhm cacboxyl. Cho 15,0 gam X tc d ng v a v i dung d ch NaOH, c c n dung d ch sau ph n ng thu c 19,4 gam mu i khan. Cng th c c a X l: A. H NC H COOH. B. H NCH COOH. C. H NC H COOH. D. H NC H COOH. (Trch thi tuy n sinh Cao ng 2008) Cu 38: Cho 0,02 mol amino axit X tc d ng v a v i 200 ml dung d ch HCl 0,1M thu c 3,67 gam mu i khan. M t khc 0,02 mol X tc d ng v a v i 40 gam dung d ch NaOH 4%. Cng th c c a X l: A. H NC H (COOH) B. H NC H (COOH) C. (H N) C H COOH. D. H NC H COOH. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i B 2009) Cu 39: Cho 1 mol amino axit X ph n ng v i dung d ch HCl (d), thu c m gam mu i Y. Cng 1 mol amino axit X ph n ng v i dung d ch NaOH (d), thu c m gam mu i Z. Bi t m m =7,5. Cng th c phn t c a X l: A. C H O N B. C H O N. C. C H O N D. C H O N. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2009) Cu 40: H n h p X g m alanin v axit glutamic. Cho m gam X tc d ng hon ton v i dung d ch NaOH (d), thu c dung d ch Y ch a (m+30,8) gam mu i. M t khc, n u cho m gam X tc d ng hon ton v i dung d ch HCl, thu c dung d ch Z ch a (m+36,5) gam mu i. Gi tr c a m l: A. 171,0. B. 112,2. C. 123,8. D. 165,6. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i B 2010) Cu 41: Cho 8,9 gam m t h p ch t h u c X c cng th c phn t C H O N ph n ng v i 100 ml dung d ch NaOH 1,5M. Sau khi ph n ng x y ra hon ton, c c n dung d ch thu c 11,7 gam ch t r n. Cng th c c u t o thu g n c a X l: A. HCOOH NCH=CH B. H NCH CH COOH. C. CH =CHCOONH D. H NCH COOCH (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i B 2008) Cu 42: Cho 1,82 gam h p ch t h u c n ch c, m ch h X c cng th c phn t C H O N tc d ng v a v i dung d ch NaOH, un nng thu c kh Y v dung d ch Z. C c n Z thu c 1,64 gam mu i khan. Cng th c c u t o thu g n c a X l: A. HCOONH CH CH . B. CH COONH CH C. CH CH COONH D. HCOONH (CH ) (Trch thi tuy n sinh Cao ng 2009) Cu 43: H p ch t X c cng th c phn t trng v i cng th c n gi n nh t, v a tc d ng c v i axit v a tc d ng c v i ki m trong i u ki n thch h p. Trong phn t X, thnh ph n ph n trm kh i l ng c a cc nguyn t C, H, N l n l t b ng 40,449%; 7,865% v 15,73%; cn l i l oxi. Khi cho 4,45 gam X ph n ng hon ton v i m t l ng v a dung d ch NaOH ( un nng) thu c 4,85 gam mu i khan. Cng th c c u t o thu g n c a X l: A. CH =CHCOONH B. H NC H COOH. C. H NCOO-CH CH D. H NCH COO-CH (Trch thi tuy n sinh Cao ng 2007) Cu 44: Cho h n h p X g m hai ch t h u c c cng cng th c phn t C H NO tc d ng v a v i dung d ch NaOH v un nng, thu c dung d ch Y v 4,48 lt h n h p Z ( ktc) g m hai kh ( u lm 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 6 2 2 2 2 4 2 4 8 2 2 3 2. 2 3 5 2. 2 2 3 5 2 3 6 1 2 2 1 4 10 2 2. 5 9 4 4 8 4 2. 5 11 2 3 7 2 3 2. 2 2 2 2 4. 2 2 3. 3 9 2 3 2 3 3 3 3. 3 2 4. 2 3 2. 2 4. 2 2 4 2 2 3. 2 2 3. 2 7 2 Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

20. L thuy t v bi t p c trng v Aminoaxit xanh gi y qu m). T kh i hi c a Z i v i H b ng 13,75. C c n dung d ch Y thu c kh i l ng mu i khan l: A. 16,5 gam. B. 14,3 gam. C. 8,9 gam. D. 15,7 gam. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2007) Cu 45: H p ch t X m ch h c cng th c phn t l C H NO . Cho 10,3 gam X ph n ng v a v i dung d ch NaOH sinh ra m t ch t kh Y v dung d ch Z. Kh Y n ng hn khng kh, lm gi y qu tm m chuy n mu xanh. Dung d ch Z c kh nng lm m t mu n c brom. C c n dung d ch Z thu c m gam mu i khan. Gi tr c a m l: A. 8,2. B. 10,8. C. 9,4. D. 9,6. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2009) Cu 46: Cho 6,23 gam 1 h p ch t h u c X c CTPT C H O N ph n ng v i 210 ml dung d ch KOH 0,5M. Sau ph n ng, c c n dung d ch thu c 9,87 gam ch t r n. Cng th c c u t o thu g n c a X l: A. HCOOH NCH=CH B. H NCH CH COOH . C. H NCH COOCH D. CH =CHCOONH Cu 47: X l este t o b i -aminoaxit Y (ch a 1 nhm amino v 1 nhm cacboxyl) v i ancol n ch c Z. Th y phn hon ton 0,1 mol X trong 200 ml dung d ch NaOH 1M, c c n dung d ch thu c 13,7 gam ch t r n v 4,6 gam ancol Z. Cng th c c u t o c a X l: A. CH CH(NH )COOC H B. CH CH(NH )COOCH C. H NCH COOC H D. H NCH COOCH CH=CH Cu 48: Este X (c kh il ng phn t b ng 103 vC) c i u ch t m t ancol n ch c (c t kh i hi so v i oxi l n hn 1) v m t amino axit. Cho 25,75 gam X ph n ng h t v i 300 ml dung d ch NaOH 1M, thu c dung d ch Y. C c n Y thu c m gam ch t r n. Gi tr m l A. 29,75. B. 27,75. C. 26,25. D. 24,25. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i B 2009) Cu 49: t chy hon ton 7,7 gam ch t h u c Z (c cng th c phn t trng v i cng th c n gi n nh t) b ng oxi, thu c 6,3 gam H O, 4,48 lt CO , 1,12 lt N (cc kh o ktc). Cho Z ph n ng v i dung d ch NaOH un nng, c kh Z . Kh Z lm xanh gi y qu tm m v khi t chy Z thu c s n ph m lm c n c vi trong. Cng th c c u t o c a Z l cng th c no sau y: A. HCOOH NCH B. CH COONH C. CH CH COONH D. CH COOH NCH Cu 50: H n h p X g m 2 aminoaxit ( u ch a 1 nhm NH v 1 nhm COOH) c m ch C khng phn nhnh, ng ng lin ti p nhau. Cho 16,4 gam X tc d ng v i 220 ml dung d ch HCl 1M (l y d) c dung d ch A. tc d ng h t v i cc ch t trong dung d ch A c n 140 ml dung d ch NaOH 3M. Cng th c c u t o c a 2 aminoaxit l: A. H NCH CH COOH v H N(CH ) COOH. B. H N(CH ) COOH v H N(CH ) COOH. C. H NCH COOH v H NCH CH COOH. D. H N(CH ) COOH v H N(CH ) COOH. Cu 51: Cho 13,35 gam h n h p X g m CH NH CH COOH v CH CHNH COOH tc d ng v i V ml dung d ch NaOH 1M thu c dung d ch Y. Bi t dung d ch Y tc d ng v a v i 250 ml dung d ch HCl 1M. Gi tr c a V l: A. 100 ml. B. 150 ml. C. 20 ml. D. 250 ml. Cu 52: Cho 20,15 gam h n h p X g m CH NH COOH v CH CHNH COOH tc d ng v i 200 ml dung d ch HCl 1M thu c dung d ch Y. Y tc d ng v a v i 450 ml dung d ch NaOH. Ph n trm kh i l ng c a m i ch t trong X l: A. 55,83% v 44,17%. B. 58,53% v 41,47%. C. 53,58% v 46,42%. D. 52,59% v 47,41%. Cu 53: Cho 8,9 gam m t - aminoaxit tc d ng v i dung d ch ch a 0,3 mol NaOH thu c dung d ch A. tc d ng h t v i cc ch t trong dung d ch A c n 0,4 mol HCl. Cng th c c u t o c a - aminoaxit cho l: A. CH CH CH(NH )COOH. B. CH (CH ) CH(NH )COOH . C. CH CH(NH )COOH. D. CH (CH ) CH(NH )COOH. 2 4 9 2 3 7 2 3 2. 2 2 2 2 2 3. 2 4. 3 2 2 5. 3 2 3. 2 2 2 5. 2 2 2 2. 2 2 2 1 1 1 3 3. 3 4. 3 2 4. 3 3 3. 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 2 2 5 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

21. L thuy t v bi t p c trng v Aminoaxit Cu 54: Cho m gam axit aminoaxetic tc d ng v a v i 200 ml dung d ch HCl 1M thu c dung d ch X. ph n ng hon ton v i cc ch t tan trong X c n 160 gam dung d ch NaOH 10%. C c n dung d ch thu c ch t r n khan c kh i l ng l: A. 31,1 gam. B. 19,4 gam. C. 26,7 gam. D. 11,7 gam. Cu 55: Cho 0,15 mol H NC H (COOH) (axit glutamic) vo 175 ml dung d ch HCl 2M, thu c dung d ch X. Cho NaOH d vo dung d ch X. Sau khi cc ph n ng x y ra hon ton, s mol NaOH ph n ng l: A. 0,70. B. 0,50. C. 0,65. D. 0,55. (Trch thi tuy n sinh H C kh i A 2010) Cu 56: un nng 26,2 gam axit aminocaproic thu c m gam policaproamit (nilon-6). Bi t hi u su t c a ph n ng t 80%. Gi tr m l: A. 22,6 gam. B. 18,08 gam. C. 16,95 gam. D. 20,96 gam. Cu 57: T nilon - 6,6 c i u ch b ng ph n ng trng ngng: A. HOOC-(CH ) -CH(NH )-COOH. B. HOOC-(CH ) -COOH v HO-(CH ) -OH. C. HOOC-(CH ) -COOH v H N-(CH ) -NH . D. H N-(CH ) -COOH. (Trch thi tuy n sinh Cao ng 2008) 2 3 5 2 2 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 4 2 2 6 2 2 2 5 Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

22. I. P N 1. C 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. C 11. B 12. D 13. D 14. B 15. B 16. D 17. C 18. D 19. D 20. D 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. A 31. A 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. D 36. C 37. B 38. B 39. B 40. B 41. D 42. B 43. D 44. B 45. C 46. C 47. C 48. C 49. A 50. C 51. A 52. A 53. C 54. A 55. C 56. B 57. C II. H NG D N GI I Cu 5: cu h i ny khng kh tm ra p n ng l 2 axit v amino propanoic (H N-CH(CH )- COOH v H N-CH -CH -COOH) . Tuy nhin, n u khng n m v ng nh ngha v amino axit ( ng th i ch a c 2 lo i nhm ch c COOH v NH ), cc em c th nh m v i p n B do vi t thm cng th c CH -NH-CH -COOH khng ph i amino axit theo nh ngha ny. Cu 15: Do phn t lysin c ch a 2 nhm ch c NH v 1 nhm ch c COOH. Cu 25: Xt ph n ng c a X: - B o ton s l ng nguyn t N Z khng cn N lo i D. - B o ton s l ng nguyn t C Z ch c 1C lo i B. Tng t , xt ph n ng c a Y v b o ton nguyn t C, ta d dng c p n ng l C. Cu 28: S d ng k nng tnh nh m, ta d dng c: 3,36 = 0,56 6 t l C : N = 3:1 lo i C, D. * 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 T l v th tch cng l t l v s mol nn ta tnh ton ngay v i th tch m khng c n chuy n v s mol, m c d cc s li u th tch y u ktc v d dng chuy n i thnh s mol. X tc d ng v i dung d ch NaOH thu c s n ph m c mu i H N-CH -COONa lo i A. Cu 31: G i CTPT c a A l C H O N . Ta c s ph n ng chy: 2 2 x y z t y t x y z t 2 2 2 2C H O N + O xCO + H O + N 2 2 Gi s l ng kh CO sinh ra trong B l 1 mol. * 2 y ta ch n 1 mol CO ch khng ch n 1 mol H O v n u lm ng c l i th gi tr s mol cc ch t cn l i s r t l . 2 2 2 2H O O 44 1 + 1,751,3968 n = = 1,75 mol n = = 1,375 mol 18 2 G i x l s mol N2 trong B, t gi thi t, ta c phng trnh: 44 + 1,75 18 + 28x BM = = 13,75 2 = 27,5 x = 0,25 mol 1 + 1,75 + x p d ng nh lu t b o ton nguyn t , ta c s mol Oxi trong A l: 2 2 2 O CO H O On = 2n + n - 2n = 1 mol ( )2 7 2 n x : y : z : t = 1 : 3,5 : 1 : 0,5 = 2 : 7 : 2 : 1 A c CT thc nghim l C H O N V A anilinM < M nn ta d dng suy ra n = 1 v CTPT c a A l C H O N p n ng l A. C H O N Cu 36: Tng gi m kh i l ng: (13,95 10,3)/36,5 = 0,1 mol HCl (tnh nh m) = 0,1 mol a.a M = 103 R = 103 44 16 = 43 C H - 2 7 2 2 7 2 3 7 L THUY T V BI T P C TRNG V AMINOAXIT P N V H NG D N GI I BI T P T LUY N Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t

23. Cu 39: Phng php truy n th ng: G i CTPT c a X d ng (H N) -R-(COOH) ( ( 2 a b + HCl 3 ) )a b - - kh i l ng tng 36,5a gamClH N R COOH ( () )+ NaOH 2 a b - - kh i l ng tng 22b gamH N R COONa Do , 22b 36,5a = 7,5 a = 1 v b = 2 X c 2 nguyn t N v 4 nguyn t O Phng php kinh nghi m: Ta th y 1 mol NH 1 mol NH Cl th kh i l ng tng 36,5g 1 mol COOH 1 mol COONa th kh i l ng tng 22g th m bi l i cho m > m s nhm COOH ph i nhi u hn s nhm NH * 2 3 2 1 2 Cng c th suy lu n r ng: 7,5 l 1 s l (0,5) nn s nhm NH ph i l 1 s l , d dng lo i c p n C v D. T 4 p n, suy ra k t qu ng ph i l B. Cu 41: D a vo p n, ta th y cc ch t u ph n ng v i NaOH theo t l 1:1. n 2 NaOH ph n ng = n = 0,1 mol nX NaOH d = 0,05 mol hay 2 gam p d ng phng php tng gi m kh i l ng, ta c: RCOOR RCOONa m gi m = 11,7 2- 8,9 = 0,8 g hay Mgi m = 8 gam M = 23-8 = 15 hay l CH p n D Cu 44: T bi tnh 2 ch t c d ng mu i amoni RCOOR + NaOH RCOONa + (R 1H) + H O v i t l mol cc ch t l 1:1 v b ng 0,2 mol (nh m) B o ton kh i l ng, ta c: m = [(24 + 7 + 46) + 40 27,5 18]*0,2 = 14,3 (ch c n b m my tnh 1 l n, cc gi tr 46; 40; 27,5 l c th nh m c) Cu 45: T c i m ha h c c a Y, ta th y Y ph i l 1 amin h u c (c khng t hn 1C) X l mu i c a amoni h u c Z l 1 mu i natri c a axit cacboxylic, Z c khng qu 3C (trong c 1C trong nhm COO-) v dung d ch Z c kh nng lm m t mu dung d ch brom Z l HCOONa ho c CH =CH-COONa D dng c n = 0,1 mol p n ng l 9,4g ho c 6,8g. Trong tr ng h p bi ny, ta bu c ph i ch n p n ng l C, y l m t thi u st c a bi. Bi t p ny khng kh, ch i h i nh ng suy lu n c b n nhng kh hay. Cu 53: p d ng quy i ph n ng, ta d dng c: ( ) R 3 2 2 X 8,9 aa aa 3 2n = 0,4 - 0,3 = 0,1 mol M = = 89 gam/mol CH CH NH COOH 0,1 Cu 54: p d ng quy i ph n ng, ta d dng c: 160 0,1 n = - = 0,2 mol0,2 S ph n ng: 40 +NaOH 2 2 2 2 aa (H N CH COOH; HCl) (H N CH COONa; NaCl) Kh i l ng ch t r n thu c l: 2 2NaCl H NCH COONam = m + m = 58,5 0,2 + 0,2 97 = 31,1 gam Kha luy n thi i h c 2013-2014 - GV HONG THI VI T - BKN T : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi tT : 01695316875 truy c p http://www.slideshare.net/barackobamahtv download ti li u c a thi vi t