Download - Chapter 9 Pages 274-299. Section 1: Market Revolution Farmers Why? Self-Sufficiency Specialization
Chapter 9Pages 274-299
Section 1: Market Revolution
• Farmers
• Why?
Self-Sufficiency Specialization
Capitalism
• A system where private businesses and individuals control production and use them to earn profits.
• Investors are called entrepeneurs.
Section :2• Manifest Destiny: The belief, dominant in the
1840”s, that American expansion to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican territory was manifest (obvious).
• This led to conflict with Native Americans.– All went west for their own reasons but nearly
all felt that they “civilizers”.
• Many fled cities and society because of financial problems, wanted a new start or were looking for new markets.
Frederick Jackson Turner
• Wrote a thesis saying that the American frontier was the single characteristic that defined Americans– it made us different Europeans.
• The frontier represented the American Dream to many and defined what we see as American.– independence, ingenuity, and individual
initiative
• Between 1812-1852 the U.S. grew from 7.25 million to more than 25 million, but land in the West increased by more than the size of Europe.
Some other key ideas..
• Treaty of Fort Laramie- represents a pattern since the terms of this treaty were often broken by the U.S.
• Fighting over how the West would be governed, defines American politics until the Civil War.
Expansion in Texas & War with Mexico
• Mexico encouraged Settlement in Texas by giving away land.– Required that settlers
become Mexican citizens and convert to Catholicism
• When the pop. of Texas became mostly Anglos they were very hard to control. (slavery)
• When they tried to crack down on Texas it led to the “Texas Rebellion.”
• Texas became the independent “Republic of Texas” in 1836.
Annexing Texas• When James Polk was
elected he wanted to expand the U.S.
• After U.S. and Mexican troops fought on the border, asked Congress to declare war.
• There was some debate (Spot Resolution) but war was declared.
The War with Mexico
• As a result of the War Mexico lost about ½ of it’s territory.
• The U.S. paid $15 million for the lands they got from Mexico
• (In 1854 we paid $10 million for the Gadsden Purchase.)
But you must know…
• The new lands created conflict between the North and South.
• Neither wanted to the balance in the Senate to tip to the other.
• This would dominate American politics until after the
And in addition
• California Republic • Gold Rush