Low Carbon Society and Sufficiency Economy

Sirintornthep Towprayoon 1 Yuwadee Kadkarnkrai 2

Buntoon Srethasirote 3 and Suthawan Sathirathai 3

1 Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment and Earth System Science Research Center at KMUTT2 Public Policy Studies Institute at CMU

3The Good Governance for Social Development and Environmental Foundation

1Transition towards Low Carbon Societies in Thailand and Asia 17-18 November 2010 Bangkok Thailand

Comprehensive(Thinking)

Partial Practice(Doing)

Inspiration(Living)

• Community activities to conserve and restore natural resources• Application of rules in using and managing natural resources and the environment •Human Resource Development and Networks•Awareness among community members of environmental conservation

Application of Local Wisdom and Innovation•Integrated practice in natural resource and environmental management •Recognition of Carrying Capacity and Ecological Balance

•An adjustment of lifestyles in consistency with nature

Three levels of Sufficiency Economy Indicators

Principle of sufficiency economy

Principle of Low Carbon society

• Carbon Minimization– Minimization of carbon dioxide emissions from all

sectors

• Simpler and Richer quality of life– Society shifting from consumption towards QOL

oriented society. Revolution led by society consumer’s choice.

• Coexistence with nature– Maintaining and restoring natural environment that is

that is essential for LCS

Sufficiency Carbon Society

㈡レョロピヅヸヌモヱ㈡モヹユニ ヮヵニトュトヶョ怵マヱポベ㈩㈮ヶ+

㈡レョロピヅヸヌモヱ㈡モヹユニ

Sufficiency Economy ヮヵニトュトヶョ怵マヱポベ㈩㈮ヶ

Low carbon society

ヮヵニトュトヶョ怵マヱポモヱ㈡モヹユニSufficiency Carbon Society

+

4

• Sufficiency Economy Implementation : – Community sector- Ban Pred Nai

– Service sector- Chumporn Cabana Resort and Spa

A case study of sufficiency carbon society

Implementation of actions Sufficiency economy that support action of low carbon activity

Ban Pred Nai Village, Trad Province

• Problem : coastal erosion and mangrove deforestation

• Impact : loss of shoreline, Loss of mangrove , Loss of biodiversity, Loss income from fishery and crab catching

Action : Doing- apply community law, networking mangrove conservation club

young eco tour guideThinking- using rubber wave blockade to prevent erosion

A Case of Sufficiency Economy in Pred Nai Village, Trad Province

7

Trad Province

Pred Nai Village

Activities

-Protection of coastal area erosion

Protection of coastal area erosion

• Coastal area was destroyed by strong wave

– erosion occurred

• Mangrove forest was degraded

– Biodiversity loss

– Less income 8

9

20011989

20072009

LANDSAT-5

10

Increasing 102 rai of mangrove area and managing 301 rai Removal of CO2 approx. 1205.1 t/yr= 2.03 tonnes CO2/ head/year

11

Sufficiency Economy and Low Carbon Society :Sufficiency Carbon Society

Chumporn Cabana Resort

Implementation of actions Sufficiency economy that support action of low carbon activity

Chumporn Cabana resort Chumporn province

• Problem : Investment during economics collapse

• Impact : 300 Million Baht dept, employee lay out

Action : Doing- Zero waste implementation, Eco driving activity, Energy recovery Thinking- Employee business , helping each otherLiving : Demonstration site, knowledge center

Activity to support ecotourism

Catering

Out side

Food waste6,000 ヅヅ./㈡month

Resort service

wastewater15,000 litre

マ㈮ヶマヵヘ

ョヴ㈡マヸヘヌーラヸポホョヹユ怵 (ラヽヅ/㈡ヘ・ヱポ)12,000-16,000

manure and food wasre

Biogas3,000 kg/month

Yard waste

4,500 ヅヅ/㈡month

Rice husk

Other service㈧

Plantation- 2,000 trees (ヱヶユー2!ミ怤)- 3,000 trees (ユヵニ㈥ュ怭㈡テ怯ヶボポヶトヶョ)

ルヶニテヶユ

Raw materials

ョルュ㈣ヘユミョヴュヶプ!11,000 ヅヅ.

ヌヶヅヅヸヌヅョョュヤヶユ㈤ポ!㈥テ怭!3000-4500ャヱニ/㈡ヘ・ヱポムヵヅミョヸュヶプ㈥ュ怭

㈢ポ怭ポヱポ!

ヌヶヅヤヶユポヱヅ!ムヵヅ!9000 ヅヅ, ㈡ポ・㈪ヱヮヵベル怵!150(㈢テヅポ怯ヱユ) 900-

1200(㈢テヅュヶヅ)ヅヅ, テ怯ヶル!1!ベヵポ

Rice field

Kitchen herb

Chicken farming

Plantation

Natural product

Electricity emitted 58.67 Ton CO2LPG 4.046 Ton CO2Gasoline 20 81 Ton CO2

ミー怪ユノヹルヤヶモ360

ラヸベョ/㈡ヘ・ヱポ

Biodiesel 2,400 l/month

Charcoal1,500!ヅヅ/㈡ヘ・ヱポ

Wood vinegar90

ラヸベョ/㈡ヘ・ヱポ

Used oil (l/month)

300-1,650

rice

Waste recycle ヅョヴヘヶロ!30 ヅヅ.

モラヶヮベヸヅ(テルヘ300

ペーニ30)ヅヅ

ヅョヴミ怪ヱニベ怭ヶニ㈧!100

ヅヅ

テヶユ

ヅ怱ヶハ㈡ノ・㈪ヱ㈡モラヸニ (ユヵニ㈥ュ怭㈥ヘ怯ヘ㈮ヶ㈡ポヸポヅヶョ)

Chumporn Cabana Resort : zero waste

gasificationSeparation ヅ

Gasification

㈡モヸ㈩ュミョヸュヶプ

ヱヱヅハヸ㈡ヌポ

CO2 removal1118.74 kg CO2

substitute LPG 1817.6 kg

CO2 avoidance5.505 Ton CO2

substitutediesel2191.2 L

CO2 avoidance6.015 Ton CO2

ホヘ㈢ホポユヶミ

ョヶマ

レヵベョヽモ

・ノ

ホヘ㈢ホポミー怪ユ㈡トュヹ

outside 150-1,500

diving

Spa

75%

25%

Unit: per month

ヌヶヅヤヶユポヱヅ!200 ラヸベョ/㈡ヘ・ヱポ

2

3

1

4

CO2 emission Activity Ton CO2/month kg CO2/guest nightElectricity 10.48Diesel 15.08 2.69Benzene 2.71 0.48LPG (car) 3.02 0.54LPG (cooking) 4.05 0.72Total CO2 emission 14.92

Activity Ton CO2/month kg CO2/guest nightAvoided CO2Charcoal and biogas 5.505 0.98Biodiesel 6.015 1.07CO2 removalHard wood plantation 539.24 0.10Soft wood plantation 579.5 0.10Total CO2 avoidance 2.26

CO2 avoidance

Average Hotel emission per guest night of Word Tourist Organization = 20.6 kg Co2 /guest night

15

LCS driven by sufficiency approach

Happiness

IncentiveUnity LeadershipGood governance

Willingness

•Community activities to conserve and restore natural resources•Application of rules in using and managing natural resources and the environment •Human Resource Development and Networks•Awareness among community members of environmental conservation •Application of Local Wisdom and Innovation•Integrated practice in natural resource and environmental management •Recognition of Carrying Capacity and Ecological Balance•An adjustment of lifestyles in consistency with nature

Sufficiency carbon society

CO2 emission

Hap

pine

ss in

dex

Low carbon zone H

appi

ness

zon

e

Emission and Happiness

Towprayoon and Kadkarnkrai 2010

Low

Car

bon

soci

ety

Sufficiency carbon society

SCS

Ban Pred NaiSCS

Chumporn Carbana

Sufficiency Carbon Society : SCS

CO2 emission

Kadkarnkrai and Towprayoon 2010

Low carbon zone

ヘヵノポヹホヹ㈩!1-4

Society LCS

Line of Welfare/ Wellbeing

HappinessWillingness

Line of Regulatory incentiveRegulatory measure

Transaction cost

Com

preh

ensi

ve(T

hink

ing)

Part

ial

Prac

tice

(doi

ng)

Insp

iratio

n(L

ivin

g)

SCS-1 SCS-2 SCS-3

Gre

enho

use

Gas

Red

uctio

n

Reduction with transaction cost

Mitigation

•Carbon dioxide removal (2.037 ton per head per year)

•Potential to be a sink of GHG

Adaptation

•High coping capacity with climate change

•Adaptation to coastal erosion

Sustainability

•Forest management•Increasing income•Self sustainability

19

Sufficiency carbon society, adaptation and sustainability

Mitigation

•Fossil fuel substitution•Avoid CO2•

Adaptation

•Adaptive capacity for fuel scarcity

• Increase local consumption

Sustainability

•Wood residue management•Fuel self sustainability

SCS IndicatorsType of indicator Common indicators SCS indicator (doing, thinking, living )

ID 1 GHG emission Emission per unit Emission from community management per unit

ID 2 Fossil fuel dependent

Amount of fossil fuel/electricity consumption per unit

Amount of fossil fuel/electricity consumption per unit reduced by community management/life style change

ID3 Renewable energy Amount of renewable energy used Increasing of renewable used that come from community management/life style change

ID4 Technology Number of GHG reduction technologies selected by community

Number of GHG reduction technologies selected, promote and developed by communities

ID5 Awareness Number of population that understand Global warming /number of projects on GHG

Number of projects on GHG that is networking to outside /project for the future positive impact

ID6 Expense on energy consumption

Expense used per unit time Per cent increasing of expense used for local product and for GHG related issues

ID7 Happiness Happiness index increase from participating in the GHG mitigation activities

Happiness index increase due to technology dependence and due to life style change and willing to help reduce CO2

Sufficiency carbon society and beyond….

•Adaptive capacity for fuel scarcity•High coping

capacity with climate change•Adaptation to

coastal erosion•Increase local

consumption

Adaptation

•Carbon dioxide removal (0.76 ton per head per year) •Potential to be a

sink of GHG •Fossil fuel

substitution•Avoid CO2

Mitigation

• Willingness

• Happyness

Suff

icie

ncy

econ

omy • community

emission per head per year / country average emission per head per year

•Proposed indicator : Reduce community consumption of fossil fuelSu

ffic

ienc

y ca

rbon

soc

iety

Reducing GHG while enabling adaptive capacity to be coexisting with nature and climate change

2050 and beyond21

Conclusion• Driving force for behavioral change can be different among communities

and parties

• Change of behavior in these cases caused by external problem encountered and sufficiency economy implementation lead them to Sufficiency Carbon Society.

• Community with sufficiency economy implementation, their mindset of consumption through eco-thinking and routine activities are different from other communities.

• Low carbon society is not only driven by technologies but the consciousness of human for their living.

• Community with sufficiency economic concern is likely to drive towards low carbon society through their perception attitude and consciousness rather than those in other area where technology still play the role in mitigation.

• Merging this concept of mitigation with sufficiency concern with eco-technologies is the challenge for Thailand to drive forward low carbon society in the near future.

• Thailand Research Fund

• The Good Governance for Social Development and Environmental Foundation

Acknowledgement

Thank you for your attention and Sawasdee Ka

モョヴヱヶヌヶョユ怵ヮーマヸポ!!ミプヹ㈣ベ ルヵヘ㈥ム怭ラ怯ヱュ!ヱ.㈡ュ・ヱニ!ヌ.ベ ョレ.ヘョ.ヱヘヸレョ怵!!ヱヸレョヶニヅヽョ!プ!ヱユーボユヶヮペヶマヵポマヵプフヸベモヵブポマ トープルョヸヮョ!!ョヵヅロ怵モヵポボー怵ノーュモョトヶマヶポ怭ヶ!ョヹヮヱョ怵ベ㈢ラヴレヽポユ怵ヅヹヰヶ トープム怭ヱニレョヹ!!ヱヸポホヮールョョプ ヅラー怭ュヮヵヌヌヴヱヱュホョヵモユ怵!マ怯ヶポ㈡ミョ

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