Download - Ch_02
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Chapter 2: Information Systems and
Knowledge Management
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An organized collection of computer hardware, communication equipment, software, data, and personnel designed to capture, store, update, manipulate, analyze, and immediately display information about worldwide business activities.
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Data—the raw facts—record measures of certain phenomena which are necessary to provide
Information—facts in a form suitable for managers to base decisions on.
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Relevance Quality Timeliness Completeness
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A computer-based system that helps decision makers confront problems through direct interaction with databases and analytical software programs.
The purpose of a decision support system is to store data and transform them into organized information that is easily accessible to marketing managers.
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DatabaseSoftware
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A database is a collection of raw data arranged logically and organized in a form that can be stored and processed by a computer
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Information management term The process that allows information from
operational systems to be stored and organized into separate systems designed for simple access
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Bring together lots of pieces of information ◦ customer profiles◦ sales◦ marketing effectiveness/responsiveness ◦ market trends
Provides the enterprise with a complete, dependable, and integrated view of its customer base.
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Management, salespeople, customer service, and perhaps the customer can directly◦ access information e.g. other products a customer
has purchased◦ match customer needs with satisfying product
offerings◦ remind customers of service requirements
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Various types of programs that tell computers, printers, and other hardware what to do
Software allows managers to combine and restructure databases, diagnose relationships, build analytical models, estimate variables, and otherwise analyze the various databases
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The application of software tools to analyze data in extensive data warehouses to discover significant patterns and relationships.
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Internal records Proprietary business research Business intelligence Outside vendors and external distributors
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Internal records that may become useful information for managers.
Accounting reports of sales and inventory figures, provide considerable data.
Data about costs, shipments, inventory, sales, and other aspects of regular operations are routinely collected and entered into the computer.
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Distributors of market information as their products.
Many organizations specialize in the collection and publication of high-quality information.
e.g. A. C. Nielsen Company provides television program ratings, audience counts.
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Organized and retrievable DVD and CD-ROM Internet
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DIALOG◦ ABI/INFORM◦ PROMT (The Predicast Overview of Markets &
Technologies) DOW-JONES NEWS RETREVIAL
◦ Business Newsstand◦ Historical Market Data Center
LEXIS-NEXIS
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Bibliographic/text Statistical/geographic Scanner Financial Image and video
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Emphasizes the company’s gathering of new data.
Not conducted regularly or continuously. Projects conducted to study specific
company problems.
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A business intelligence system consists of a network of sources and regular procedures by which executives obtain everyday information about nonrecurring developments in the external business environment.
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Inputs - all numerical, text, voice, and image data entered into the decision support system
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Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) is the term used when one company’s computer systems is integrated directly with another company’s proprietary computer system.
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A worldwide network of computers that allows users access to information and documents from distant sources.
A combination of a worldwide communication system and the world’s largest library.
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Uniform resource locator Web site address
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Graphic interface 1000s of interconnected pages or
documents
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http://www.usatoday.com http://www.businessweek.com http://www.adcritic.com http://www.ceoexpress.com http://www.census.gov
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http://www2.bus.okstate.edu/zikmund/
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A computerized directory to search the WWW
YAHOO -www.yahoo.com HOTBOT - www.hotbot.com GOOGLE - www.google.com DOGPILE - www.dogpile.com
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Smart agents Find information Do the searching for you Distribute it to desktop
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Learns an individual user’s preferences Automatically searches out information Delivers information to the desktop
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“Magic cookies” Small computer files Provides saves onto the computer of
someone who visits Tracks websites and files visited
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Private data network Uses internet standards and technology Firewalls for security