Central EuropeCentral Europe PolandPoland

Very Weak government w/ little organizationVery Weak government w/ little organization Elected king with limited powerElected king with limited power Will be ravaged by enemiesWill be ravaged by enemies

Ottoman EmpireOttoman Empire Backwards compared to Western EuropeBackwards compared to Western Europe Tried to invade Vienna, but Multinational Holy League Tried to invade Vienna, but Multinational Holy League

(1683) stopped them. Never tried again(1683) stopped them. Never tried again Problems: Sultans were corrupt, armies lacked tech. & Problems: Sultans were corrupt, armies lacked tech. &

local rule made it hard to control empirelocal rule made it hard to control empire AustriaAustria

Charles VI negotiated with his family, nobles and other Charles VI negotiated with his family, nobles and other European leaders the Pragmatic Sanction to allow European leaders the Pragmatic Sanction to allow daughter, Maria Theresa, to reigndaughter, Maria Theresa, to reign

Habsburg Family CrestHabsburg Family Crest

Holy Roman Empire: 1750Holy Roman Empire: 1750

Austrian Empire: 1657-1718Austrian Empire: 1657-1718

Schönbrunn PalaceSchönbrunn Palace

Schönbrunn PalaceSchönbrunn Palace

PrussiaPrussia

Hohenzollern family ruledHohenzollern family ruled Frederick William ‘Great Elector’ Frederick William ‘Great Elector’ Frederick I ‘First King of Prussia’Frederick I ‘First King of Prussia’ Frederick William I ‘Soldier King’Frederick William I ‘Soldier King’ Frederick II ‘The Great’Frederick II ‘The Great’ JunkersJunkers

Small country with little resources & Small country with little resources & population, but powerful!!!!!!!!!!population, but powerful!!!!!!!!!!

PRUSSIA IS AN ARMY WITH A STATE!PRUSSIA IS AN ARMY WITH A STATE!

Prussian Family CrestPrussian Family Crest

Prussia & the Austrian Empire: 1721-72

Prussia & the Austrian Empire: 1721-72

Frederick William…the Great Frederick William…the Great ElectorElector

R. 1640-1688•Why did he rise to power?

•Leader of Prussia

•Worked with Junkers so ensure they listen to him

•Military Lover

•No real tax system

•Most $$$ went to military

King Frederick I of Prussia (r.1701-1713)

King Frederick I of Prussia (r.1701-1713)

Formerly:

Frederick III of

Brandenburg

(r. 1688-1701)

Formerly:

Frederick III of

Brandenburg

(r. 1688-1701)

•First king of Prussia

•Ostentatious

(r.1713-1740)

‘Soldier King’

•Establishes Absolutism•Bizarre affection for soldiers•Builds best Army in the world… ’Sparta of the North’•Very effective Government•Participated in the Great Northern War (1700-1721)•General peace during his reign

Frederick the Great (r. 1740-1786)Frederick the Great (r. 1740-1786)

•Mainly into the arts and the enlightenment

•Considered an enlightened despot

•Hated military, but a lot of wars during his reign

•Attacks Austria after Charles Vi dies….starts War of Austrian Succession

Charles VI (r. 1711-1740)Charles VI (r. 1711-1740)

MariaTheresa

(r. 1740-1780)

MariaTheresa

(r. 1740-1780)

Maria Theresa & Her FamilyMaria Theresa & Her Family

Her Notable Children:

HRE Joseph II

HRE Leopold II

Queen Marie Antoinette (Fr.)

Her Notable Children:

HRE Joseph II

HRE Leopold II

Queen Marie Antoinette (Fr.)

War of the Austrian SuccessionWar of the Austrian Succession

Results of the War of Austrian Results of the War of Austrian SuccessionSuccession

UK & Austria vs. Spain, France and UK & Austria vs. Spain, France and PrussiaPrussia

Two phases of the warTwo phases of the war At the end…. Treaty of Aix-la-ChapelleAt the end…. Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle

Status QuoStatus Quo Silesia is given to PrussiaSilesia is given to Prussia German dualismGerman dualism

RussiaRussia

Very backwards, compared to Western Very backwards, compared to Western EuropeEurope

Ivan III & IV drove out Mongols with help of Ivan III & IV drove out Mongols with help of streltsystreltsy

Had harsh rule for serfdomHad harsh rule for serfdom Orthodox church opposed social and Orthodox church opposed social and

religious changereligious change

Peter the GreatPeter the Great

Wanted to westernize RussiaWanted to westernize Russia Toured western Europe after becoming tsar, but Toured western Europe after becoming tsar, but

returned due to returned due to streltsystreltsy and and boyarsboyars were rebelling were rebelling Loved technology, science, and industryLoved technology, science, and industry Created schools, hospitals, the Academy of Created schools, hospitals, the Academy of

Science and first navy and modern armyScience and first navy and modern army Was ruthless and brutalWas ruthless and brutal Created a tax system to pay for reformsCreated a tax system to pay for reforms Outlawed beards and ‘typical’ Russian clothingOutlawed beards and ‘typical’ Russian clothing

Peter the GreatPeter the Great

Table of RanksTable of Ranks can raise social status if can raise social status if contribute to statecontribute to state

Great Northern WarGreat Northern War –defeated Swedes to –defeated Swedes to control Baltic Seacontrol Baltic Sea

Treaty of NystadtTreaty of Nystadt – gained land on the – gained land on the Baltic to build St. PetersburgBaltic to build St. Petersburg

Reforms helped upper class mainly.Reforms helped upper class mainly. Russia became a world power, but still Russia became a world power, but still

behind western Europe.behind western Europe.

Europe in 1740Europe in 1740