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Benchmarking Building Energy Performance: A View from EPA’s ENERGY STAR Program
Zach Shelin
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
on behalf of the U.S. EPA ENERGY STAR Program
April 29, 2015
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Agenda
• ENERGY STAR for Commercial Buildings Background
• How to Benchmark in Portfolio Manager
– Basic Data Inputs
– ENERGY STAR 1-100 Score
– Connecting and Sharing
– Reporting
– Campuses
• ENERGY STAR Recognition
• Help Resources
• What’s Next for ENERGY STAR for Commercial Buildings?
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ENERGY STAR
for Commercial Buildings
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What is ENERGY STAR for Buildings?
• EPA voluntary climate protection
partnership with energy users and
service and product providers
• Helps organizations measure, track,
and improve energy performance
• Helps organizations save energy and
money and protect the environment
• Brand recognition: >90% of Americans
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ENERGY STAR Buildings Milestones
In the past 15 years:
• 415,000 buildingsmeasured energy performance
• Nearly 6,000 organizationsjoined as partners
• 25,000 buildings earned the ENERGY STAR Certification across 50 states
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Benchmarking Building Energy Performance with ENERGY STAR
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Is 60 MPG high or low…for this automobile?
Is 90 kBtu/SF/YR high or low…for this building?
Fuel Efficiency: MPG
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ENERGY STAR Benchmarking
Energy Performance Score: 1 to 100
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PropertyID
DataYear
Source
Currency
ChainID
MgmtCoID
OwnerID
OwnerTypeID
SumOrDetail
WhoModified
LastModified
MktMixBus
MktMixTourist
MktMixSmMtg
MktMixGrpMtg
MktMixOther
MgmtCoID
PropertyID
DataYear
Source
Currency
ChainID
MgmtCoID
OwnerID
OwnerTypeID
SumOrDetail
WhoModified
LastModified
MktMixBus
MktMixTourist
MktMixSmMtg
MktMixGrpMtg
MktMixOther
LastModified
MktMixBus
MktMixTourist
MktMixSmMtg
MktMixGrpMtg
MktMixOther
MgmtCoID
PropertyID
DataYear
Source
Currency
Port
folio
in B
ench
mar
k O
rder
1
100
50
75
25
Comprehensive investment opportunities where there is the
greatest potential for whole building improvement
Invest Deeper
Retro commissioning, O&M, lighting
certification candidates
High Return Invest
Reward & LearnHigh scoring buildings
qualify for ENERGY STAR certification
Target Opportunities for
Energy Efficiency Upgrades
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Data Trends: Activity Continues to Grow
Over 25,000 buildings certified as ENERGY STAR
Over 415,000 buildings benchmarked
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Energy Savings and Score Trends
• Over 35,000 buildings entered complete energy data for 2008 through 2011-
three years of change from a 2008 baseline
• Data Trends are now available for individual property types
7% savings
in Weather Normalized
Source EUI
6 point increase
in ENERGY STAR
Score
267 258 252 248
2008Baseline
2009 2010 2011
Ene
rgy U
se
Ave
rag
e W
ea
the
r N
orm
alize
d
So
ruce
EU
I (k
Btu
/ft2
)
58 61 63 64
2008Baseline
2009 2010 2011
EN
ER
GY
ST
AR
Sco
reA
vera
ge
1-1
00
Sco
re
10www.energystar.gov/DataTrends
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• Management Tool – Helps business and organizations by offering a platform to:
– Assess whole building energy and water consumption– Track changes in energy, water, greenhouse gas emissions, and cost over time– Track green power purchase– Share/report data with others– Create custom reports– Apply for ENERGY STAR certification
• Metrics Calculator – Provides key performance metrics to integrate into a strategic management plan
– Energy consumption (source, site, weather normalized)– Water consumption (indoor, outdoor)– Greenhouse gas emissions (indirect, direct, total, avoided)– ENERGY STAR 1-to-100 score (available for many building types)
Accessible in a free, online secure platform: www.energystar.gov/benchmark
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Background to Benchmarking in Portfolio Manager
• EnergyCAP automatically populates building, meter, and utility bill data
in Portfolio Manager
• To benchmark your buildings, simply activate ENERGY STAR submittals
in EnergyCAP. There is no additional fee to do this
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• Set your building(s) up in EnergyCAP to submit to Portfolio Manager
(http://bit.ly/1E1zo6N)
– Property Information (go to Buildings and Meters / Building
Properties)• Name, street address, ZIP/postal code
• Floor Area
• Function(s) (space types)
• Include/Exclude Meters
– Property type data • Use details (ex. weekly operating hours, number of computers,
number of workers on the main shift, etc)
– Energy consumption data• Utility bills already entered into EnergyCAP
• Submit to Portfolio Manager (http://bit.ly/1bkytnd)
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To Get Started Benchmarking in Portfolio Manager…
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ENERGY STAR 1-100 Score: Eligible Property Types
• Bank branch
• Barracks
• Courthouse
• Data center
• Distribution center
• Financial office
• Hospital* (general medical & surgical)
• Hotel
• K-12 school*
• Medical office
• Multifamily housing
• Non-refrigerated warehouse
• Office*
• Refrigerated warehouse
• Residence hall/ dormitory
• Retail store
• Senior care community
• Supermarket/grocery store*
• Wastewater treatment plant
• Wholesale club/supercenter
• Worship facility
* These property types are also eligible to receive an ENERGY STAR score in Canada
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ENERGY STAR Score: Inputs Needed
• K-12 School
– Gross Floor Area
– Number of Personal Computers
– Number of Walk-in Refrigerators
– Whether or not the School is Open
on Weekends
– Whether or not there is Energy
Used for Cooking
– Whether or not the school is a High
School
– Weather and Climate (using Heating
and Cooling Degree Days, retrieved
based on Zip code)
– Percent of the Building that is
Heated and Cooled
• Office
– Building Size
– Number of Personal Computers
– Number of Workers
– Hours of Operation per Week
– Weather and Climate (using Heating
and Cooling Degree Days, retrieved
based on Zip code)
– Percent of the Building that is
Heated and Cooled
Inputs for additional space types available at: http://www.energystar.gov/buildings/facility-owners-and-managers/existing-buildings/use-portfolio-manager/understand-metrics/energy-star
Default values based on floor area can be entered for these inputs during the initial benchmarking effort if accurate data is not available
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ENERGY STAR Score: How It Is Calculated
• Basic Steps to Compute a Score:
1. Compute Actual Source EUI
2. Compute Predicted Source EUI
3. Compute Energy Efficiency Ratio
4. Lookup Score
ENERGY STAR 1 – 100 Score
Postal code
Whole building energy
use
Property use
details
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Site energy accounts for only 33%
of embodied energy consumed at
the building site as electricity
Site energy doesn’t account for
total carbon emissions
The Score and Source Energy
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Step 1: Compute Actual EUI
• Compute Annual Source Energy for each fuel type
– Add together all 12 months of energy
– Multiply total annual energy (in kBtu) by the source
energy conversion factor
• Add the Annual Source Energy of all fuel types
together
• Divide by the total square foot
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Step 2: Compute Predicted Source
EUI• Predicted Source EUI is calculated based on:
– The survey data for the property’s specific type (Office, K-12 School, Hotel,
etc.)
– The property use details entered for the specific property (number of PCs,
weekly operating hours, etc.)
– The heating and cooling degree days in the property’s zip code during the
performance period
• The result is the source EUI that a median property of that type and that location
would have during the performance period
• You can find more information on the specific calculations for each property type
at: http://www.energystar.gov/buildings/facility-owners-and-managers/existing-
buildings/use-portfolio-manager/understand-metrics/energy-star
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Step 3: Compute Energy Efficiency Ratio
• Divide the Actual Source EUI by the Predicted Source
EUI(Actual/Predicted)
• This is the energy efficiency ratio
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Step 4: Lookup the Score• Lookup the ratio in the lookup table- each property type has a
unique lookup table
• Example K-12 Lookup Shown below
– A ratio of 0.25 gets a score of 100; it is less than 0.3710 and
greater than or equal to 0
– A ratio of 0.431 gets a score of 98; it is less than 0.4555 and
greater than or equal to 0.4212
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ScoreCumulative
PercentEnergy Efficiency Ratio
> = <
100 0% 0 0.3710
99 1% 0.3710 0.4212
98 2% 0.4212 0.4555
97 3% 0.4555 0.4825
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Step 5: Receive ENERGY STAR Rating
• Your ENERGY STAR rating (score) and other data are automatically
uploaded to EnergyCAP and displayed onscreen and in reports
• The rating is imported into EnergyCAP from Portfolio Manager- you’ll
need to click on the ‘Get Ratings’ button to complete the process
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How to Use Sharing and Reporting Features
in Portfolio Manager• As an EnergyCAP user, you never have to login to Portfolio Manager’s
user interface unless you have to share your data under mandatory
government benchmarking legislation
• However, the user interface does have some useful tools, so next let’s
discuss what sharing features are available
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How to Share Properties
• 3 Steps:
1. Confirm you are connected to the person you
want to share with on the Contacts page. “Add
Contact” to send a connection request if needed.
2. Share one or more of your properties with your
connected contacts & specify the level of access
the contacts have to view and edit your properties
3. Review shared properties on the Sharing tab
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Add and Connect with Contacts
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Connection Request Confirmed
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Sharing Tab – Overview
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Share Your Property: Multiple Properties
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One PropertyMultiple PropertiesAll Properties
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Choose Permissions – Option 1
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Choose Permissions – Option 2
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Click arrow
to show/hide
permission
options
Choosepermissions
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Transfer Ownership
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Transfer Ownership
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Reporting Tab
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Choose from Pre-set Chart
& Graph options
Download Performance Documents
Create and generate
Templates & Reports
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Reporting Tab: Charts & Graphs
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• Each of the figures can
be printed or
downloaded for easy
insertion into a
presentation or
document
• If you scroll down on
the page, you can view
and export the raw
data for the charts &
graphs
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Reporting Tab
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Choose from Pre-set Chart
& Graph options
Download Performance Documents
Create and generate
Templates & Reports
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Standard Reports
• Performance Highlights
• Energy Performance
• Emissions Performance
• Water Performance
• Fuel Performance
• ENERGY STAR Certification Status
• Partner of the Year Report
• Sustainable Buildings Checklist Report
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Responding to Data Requests
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Data Request Preview
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Reporting Tab
Data Request
displays in
“Templates &
Reports” list
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Respond to Data Request
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Planning Tab: Portfolio-Level
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Choose one
target or
baseline for
all properties
View property-
specific details
on targets
View graphs with portfolio-
wide information
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Property Goals Tab: View Specific Property Goals & Improvements
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Download
documents
Goals tab at
the Property
level in
MyPortfolio
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Add/Edit Baselines or Targets
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Choose baselines
or let Portfolio
Manager select
automatically
Target Options
• Target ENERGY
STAR Score
• Target % Better
than Baseline
• Target % Better
than Median
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Add and Set up a Property: More than One
Building
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Campus Features
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ENERGY STAR Certification(and other recognition
opportunities)
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ENERGY STAR Recognition
• ENERGY STAR Certification for Buildings
• Designed to Earn the ENERGY STAR
• EPA’s National Building Competition
• ENERGY STAR Partner of the Year
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• Application process via Portfolio Manager
• Site visit required to verify data, indoor air quality, thermal
comfort, and lighting levels
• Professional Engineer or Registered
Architect reviews and stamps application
– Site visit can be performed by someone
who reports to PE/RA
ENERGY STAR Certification Indicates
Superior Energy Management
501 10075
National Average
Superior Energy Management!
1 to 100 Energy Performance Scale 47
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The Value of ENERGY STAR
ENERGY STAR Certification serves as a signal for…
• Reduced operating expenses
as compared to non-ENERGY STAR
-certified properties
• Better control of operating expense
escalations
• Proxy for better functioning equipment
• Proxy for overall management
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Owners and operators are realizing a wide-variety of value-
enhancing benefits:
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2.7% higher NOI / sq. ft.
7% higher effective cash flows
8.5% higher property value
12.9% lower operating expenses
10-11% increase in occupancy
+$30 / sq. ft. transaction price
6.5% greater rent prices 0.66% increase in ROE
Recognizing the Financial Value of ENERGY STAR
Certified Buildings
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Property Types Eligible for ENERGY STAR Certification
• Bank Branch
• Courthouse
• Data Center
• Distribution Center
• Financial Office
• Hospital (General Medical &
Surgical)
• Hotel
• K-12 School
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• Multifamily Housing
• Non-Refrigerated Warehouse
• Office
• Refrigerated Warehouse
• Retail Store
• Senior Care Community
• Supermarket/Grocery Store
• Wholesale Club/Supercenter
• Worship Facility
Information is available for all types on the ENERGY STAR website: http://www.energystar.gov/buildings/facility-owners-and-managers/existing-buildings/use-portfolio-manager/understand-metrics/eligibility
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Many ways to win!
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ENERGY STAR Partner of the Year
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• EPA recognizes
organizations that have
made outstanding
contributions to protecting
the environment through
energy efficiency
• Awards ceremony in
Washington, DC in April
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ENERGY STAR Training Opportunities and Trainers Community
• Portfolio Manager training resources available at: www.energystar.gov/buildings/training– Step-by-step documents (PDF)
– Access recorded trainings at:
http://www.energystar.gov/buildings/training/recorded-training
• Join the ENERGY STAR Trainers Community!– A network of professionals around the country who deliver
ENERGY STAR training sessions to the public
– Get access to a full suite of Portfolio Manager training
materials and advance notice of updates to the tool
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Portfolio Manager Help Page
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ENERGY STAR For Buildings Tools and Resources Library
• Available at http://www.energystar.gov/buildings/tools-and-resources
• Searchable database of all digital resources
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Extra Help- Official EPA Resources
• Visit www.energystar.gov/buildingshelp
– Expanded list of FAQs
– Online form to submit technical questions or comments
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What’s Next for ENERGY STAR Buildings?
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More ENERGY STAR Score Models
• September 2014: An ENERGY STAR Score for Multifamily Housing
• 2016+: Score model updates with new CBECS data
• EPA continually looking for new, robust data sets for new property types
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Further Updates to Portfolio Manager
• Continual updates and refinements
– Enhancements to the API/web services
• Web Services 5.0 Schema Release August 2015
• Longer term “wish list”
– Solid waste tracking
– Expanded water tracking
– More building types
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Further Drivers of Growth• Voluntary Initiatives
– State
– Local
– National
– Industry specific
• e.g. CoStar, Travelocity, GRESB…
• Green Building Certification – LEED – both existing building (EBOM) and new construction (NC, Schools, etc.)
– Green Globes
• Federal Agency Reporting Requirements
• Mandatory Disclosure – State & Local
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Trend – Benchmarking Mandates are Gaining
Momentum Nationwide
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Portfolio Manager in State and Local
Building Energy Policy
• All jurisdictions with benchmarking laws specify the use of ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager
• Purpose of these laws:– Increase transparency of building performance data for a better
informed market (energy and water)
– Incentivize improvements in public and private buildings
– Grow clean energy job market
– Improve building infrastructure
– Reduce carbon footprint
– Increase electrical system reliability
• Some newer policies (Chicago; Montgomery County, MD) require licensed-professional verification of benchmarking data
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Outlook – Energy Benchmarking and
the City Energy ProjectThe City Energy Project
• Joint project of IMT and NRDC
• Initiative to help cities craft policies and
programs to improve large-building
energy performance
• 10 pioneering cities:
Atlanta Kansas City, MO
Boston Los Angeles
Chicago Orlando
Denver Philadelphia
Houston Salt Lake City63
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One-on-One Help at the Ace Place
• Available today after the keynote at the Ace Place for
one-on-one ENERGY STAR questions and
walkthroughs until 4:50 PM