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By Naomi Abraham

AUTEUR THEORY

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WHAT IS AUTEUR THEORY?

In film criticism, auteur theory holds that a director's film

reflects the director's personal creative vision, as if they

were the primary "auteur" (the French word for "author"). In

spite ofand sometimes even because ofthe production

of the film as part of an industrial process, the auteur'screative voice is distinct enough to shine through all kinds of

studio interference and through the collective process.

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WHERE DID IT ALL BEGIN?

The Auteur theory began after World War 2 ended. The embargo onAmerican Films was lifted, which allowed other films released in the

US during the war into previously forbidden areas. The German

minister of propaganda Josef Goebbels controlled the French industry

during the occupation , which prevented the importation of any films

that might provoke any acts of resistance against the occupying

forces, new styles, genres and filmmakers from the Unites States and

elsewhere made the rounds in the film circuits throughout France.

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FAMOUS AUTEURS

Alfred Hitchcock

Tim Burton

Steven Spielberg

Woody Allen

Quintin Tarantino

David Lynch

Ting Ling

Martin Scorcesse

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TIM BURTON

Timothy Walter"Tim" Burton(born August 25, 1958) is an American film director, film producer, writer, artist and animator. Heis famous for his dark, gothic, macabre and quirky take on horror and fantasy style movies such as Beetlejuice, EdwardScissorhands , The Nightmare Before Christmas , Ed Wood, Sleepy Hollow, Corpse Bride, Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber ofFleet Street, Dark Shadows and Frankenweenie, and for blockbusters such as Pee-wees Big Adventure, Batman, its firstsequel Batman Returns, Planet of the Apes, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and Alice in Wonderland.

Burton is known for using recurring collaborators on his works; among them are Johnny Depp, who has become a close friendof Burton since their first film together; musician Danny Elfman, who has composed scores for all but five of the films Burtonhas directed and/or produced; and domestic partner Helena Bonham Carter. He also wrote and illustrated the poetry book TheMelancholy Death of Oyster Boy & Other Stories, published in 1997, and a compilation of his drawings, sketches and other

artwork, entitled The Art of Tim Burton, was released in 2009. Burton has directed 16 films and produced 12, as of 2012. His latest films are an adaptation of the soap opera Dark Shadows,

released on May 10, 2012, and a remake of his 1984 short, Frankenweenie , released on October 5, 2012.

In most of Tim Burtons films, Johnny Depp is used as the main character. Most of Tims films have a gothic theme to them. To show that his films are dark and gothic he uses crooked trees, crescent moons, dark alleyways, dark and light reflectingshadows etc. Tim burton uses many techniques that have become types of signatures in his filmmaking. One of his mostfamous techniques is the stop motion animation. He has used this in the iconic The Nightmare before Christmas. This filmmade this technique forever famous for burton. Tim enjoys adding point of view shots in his films. The stop motion technique isdemonstrates well in the film Edward Scissorhands there are several shots where the camera is clearly seeing something fromthe point of view of a specific character.

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TIM BURTON FILMS