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Applications of AIS on
Air Quality Management
Chiu Yung-Feng, Dr.
Chief of Harbor And Marine Technology Center
Institute of Transportation
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• 1. Introduction
• Real-time Webpage
• 2. Applications of AIS
• Vessel Speed Reduction Surveillance System
• Ship’s air pollution monitoring system
• 3. Air Quality Management
• Emission Inventory for Air Pollutants
• Evaluations of Impacts on the Ambient Air Quality by
Kaohsiung Port
• Real-time Air Quality Forecasting at Kaohsiung Port
2
Contents
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Introduction of AIS in Chinese Taipei
3
24 AIS stations
金門接收站
吉貝嶼接收站
貓鼻頭接收站
布袋港接收站
台中港接收站
外埔接收站
台北港接收站
馬祖接收站
馬公接收站
高雄港接收站
蘭嶼接收站
花蓮港接收站
蘇澳港接收站
基隆港接收站
富岡接收站
旭海接收站
長濱接收站
東引接收站
東莒接收站
安平港接收站
王功接收站
東港接收站
頭城接收站 瑞芳接收站
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Real-time Webpage
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Vessel Speed Reduction Surveillance System
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6
Ship’s Air Pollution Monitoring System
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Applications of AIS on
Air Quality Management
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Emission Inventory for Air Pollutants
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Emission Inventory Method
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E = Energy × EF × FCF where: E:emission of pollutants (g) Energy:energy input (kW‧h) EF:emission factor (g/kW‧h) FCF:fuel modification factor
Energy = MCR × LF × Act where: MCR:maximum power of engine (kW) LF:loading factor Act:activity (hr)
LF = ( AS / MS )3
where: AS:actual ship speed (knot) MS:maximum ship speed (knot)
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Spatial Distribution of Ships From AIS
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NOX VOC CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5 DPM
Total 9,623 421 889 11,130 815 633 462
Within harbor 4,502 200 436 3,886 485 370 134
within 20 NM 5,121 221 453 7,244 330 263 328
Air Pollutants Emitted at Kaohsiung Port
Unit: Ton/year
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SO2 Emission at Five Major Ports
2012 Keelung Port 2012 Taipei Port 2012 Taichung Port
2012 Keelung Port 2012 Kaohsiung Port 2012 Hualien Port
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Evaluations of Impacts on the Ambient
Air Quality By Kaohsiung Port
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Annual Mean Concentrations
5
10 2
2 1
4 6 8
Kaohsiung Port
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Impacts on the Fine Particle and its Major
Compositions
SO4-2
NO3- NH4
+
PM2.5
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Real-time Air Quality Forecasting at
Kaohsiung Port
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Structure of Real-time Forecasting
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AIS
ShipType
Lloyd’s Register
Emission Data Terrain Data
Real -Time
Meteorological Data
Stability
Mixing Height
AERMET
Input Files to AERMOD
AERMOD
Real-Time Air Quality Impacts Frecasting
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Real-time Emission Estimation
Maximum Speed
Loading
Factor
Engine Type
Lloyd’s Ship Data
AIS Status
AIS Speed
AIS Ship Type
AIS Ship Length
AIS Location
Emission Factor
of Engine
FCF
Emission from Ship
Engine Power
AIS
Lloyd’s IMO NO. AIS IMO Number
AIS Call Sign Lloyd’s Call Sign
Not consistent
Consistent
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Outputs
1.Files output:NOx.pos、SOx.pos
2.Real-time forecasting results at major sites
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Time Series of Forecasted Results: Nox
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Qianjin
Qianzhen
Xiaogang
Linyuan
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Future Works
1.To include more real-time activities of mobile sources into
real-time forecasting system;
2. To evaluate the impacts of ship
activities covered by AIS around
Taiwan on primary and secondary
air pollutants, like fine particle and
ozone, by three-dimensional air
quality model CMAQ;
3. To develop the real-time air quality
forecasting system for the whole Chinese Taipei by CMAQ. 21
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Thanks for
Your Attention