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Chapter 40Chapter 40
The Immune System and DiseaseBy Tom Yao
The Immune System and DiseaseBy Tom Yao
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DiseaseDisease
A disease is change that disrupts body functions other than injury
All diseases are caused by germs
Vectors are organisms that carry diseases
A disease is change that disrupts body functions other than injury
All diseases are caused by germs
Vectors are organisms that carry diseases
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A electron colored virus
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Non-specific DefensesNon-specific Defenses
Skin repels germs from entering, along with hair, mucus, and tears
Interferon- a protein that inhibits protein synthesis and viral reproduction
Inflammatory Response-The body’s reacting to an injury
Skin repels germs from entering, along with hair, mucus, and tears
Interferon- a protein that inhibits protein synthesis and viral reproduction
Inflammatory Response-The body’s reacting to an injury
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A cell nucleus infected by an unidentified disease
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Disease Specific DefensesDisease Specific Defenses
Antigen- A maker which identifies a cell
Antibody- A protein that helps destroy pathogens by clumping them
Antibiotic- A chemical that targets one disease
Antigen- A maker which identifies a cell
Antibody- A protein that helps destroy pathogens by clumping them
Antibiotic- A chemical that targets one disease
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An antibody
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Immunity TypesImmunity Types Humoral Immunity-
Immunity against disease in body fluids
Cell Mediated Immunity- When Killer T-cells attack a virus in the body
Permanent Immunity-B-cells and T-cells remember a virus and attack on sight
Active Immunity- Receiving a vaccine
Humoral Immunity-Immunity against disease in body fluids
Cell Mediated Immunity- When Killer T-cells attack a virus in the body
Permanent Immunity-B-cells and T-cells remember a virus and attack on sight
Active Immunity- Receiving a vaccine
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A white blood cell that produces antibodies
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AllergiesAllergies
Allergies- Antigens binding to mast cells
Histamines- A protein which increases blood flow to an area
Antihistamines- A chemical that counteracts Histamines
Allergies- Antigens binding to mast cells
Histamines- A protein which increases blood flow to an area
Antihistamines- A chemical that counteracts Histamines
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A mast cell
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Autoimmune DiseaseAutoimmune Disease
Autoimmune Disease- When the body attacks it’s own cells
The body’s failure to distinguish between body cells and pathogens
Autoimmune Disease- When the body attacks it’s own cells
The body’s failure to distinguish between body cells and pathogens
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Streptococcus Bacteria
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AIDS/HIVAIDS/HIV
HIV cell attaches to Helper T-cell
Viral RNA becomes viral DNA
Viral DNA becomes part of body DNA
Viral DNA changes into two strands of RNA
Both strands go to help make new HIV cell
HIV cell attaches to Helper T-cell
Viral RNA becomes viral DNA
Viral DNA becomes part of body DNA
Viral DNA changes into two strands of RNA
Both strands go to help make new HIV cell
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An HIV Virus
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CancerCancer
Cancer- Uncontrollable division of cells
Tumor- Mass of cancerous cells
Malignant- A tumor that spreads
Metastasis- The spread of cancerous tumors
Cancer- Uncontrollable division of cells
Tumor- Mass of cancerous cells
Malignant- A tumor that spreads
Metastasis- The spread of cancerous tumors
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Dividing Cancer Cell
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Fighting CancerFighting Cancer
Surgery- Using tools to physically remove a tumor
Radiation- Using radiation to kill cells in an area
Drug- Chemicals that will kill the cells
Surgery- Using tools to physically remove a tumor
Radiation- Using radiation to kill cells in an area
Drug- Chemicals that will kill the cells
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Brain Cancer Cells