dörr recent progresses gas appliances 2013

8/11/2019 Drr Recent Progresses Gas Appliances 2013

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1 www.dvgw-ebi.deDVGW-Forschungsstelle am Engler-Bunte-Institut des Karlsruher Instituts fr Technologie Prflaboratorium Gas

DVGW Research Centre at the Engler-Bunte-Institute

29.11.2013

Dr. Holger Drr

Recent progress in gas appliances

DVGW - EDGaR

Gas Fuels Europe Conference


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Outline

Current state of gas appliance installations

Challenges by ErP directive

Technological progress

CHP and Fuel Cell appliances

Gas driven heat pumps

Combined condensing boiler and e-HP

Impacts of gas qualities on appliances

Conclusions


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Current state of gas appliance installations

In Germany almost 20 Millions buildings are connected to NG grid

Around 18 Million gas appliances are in use (ZIV*)

35 % of gas (100 % = 950 PJ in 2012) is used by industrial users

NG contribution to power generation is despite new CHP installations decreasing (large

combined heat and power plants, ~14 % in 2011, less than 12 % in 2012)

NG was chosen in 48.1 % of new buildings as energy source for heating in 2012 (slightly

decreasing)

Condensing boilers have a market share of 79 % of total gas heating appliances (2012)

* Central association of chimney sweepers


4/184 www.dvgw-ebi.deDVGW-Forschungsstelle am Engler-Bunte-Institut des Karlsruher Instituts fr Technologie Prflaboratorium Gas

Challenges by ErP directive (2010/30/EU

document no. 811/ 2013)

Air-Water-HP

Brine-Water-HPWater-Water-HP

CHP GHP

condensingboiler

non-

condensingboiler

ElectricityNG / Oil

Electrical driven

appliances will profit

from decreasing

primary energy factorfor electricity

fPE, El= 2.4 1.8

fPE, NG= 1.1


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Challenges by ErP directive (2010/30/EU

document no. 811/ 2013)

Gas appliances need a renewable termed part - Gas-Plus-Technologies

Solar thermal input +condensing boiler

CHP (incl. fuel cells) heat +power

GHP (gas-driven heat pump) gas +environmental heat

not taken into account by ErP: biogas supply, ...

Primary energy factor concepts do base on average numbers of energy supply (fossile

and renewable parts)

ErP labels highly efficient appliances (close 100 % Hs) like condensing boilers asoutdated


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CHPand Fuel Cell appliances

CHP (2012 - 13):

ICE only few innovations of systems 5 kWel, some new developments of systems

with 5 - 10 kWeland 20 kWeldue to better power/cost-ratio

A newcomer has cancelled dissemination of CHP (e.g. Wtas)?

Stirling: Minor additions of Microgen-based systems (configuration w/o puffer

storage Viessmann Vitotwin 350-P announced)

OTAG Lion powerblock Linator continued by lion Energy

Whispergen (2012) is discontinued


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Sales are often lower then expected, reasons:

costs,

complexity (bivalent heat and power generation) - training of installers

lack of long-term experience and conservative installers

Need to simplify and optimize operation (bivalency + heat storage management, ...)

Maturation of systems is in progress

GasPlus-Lab:

-CHP test plattform,

and showroom

promising experiences

H2-injection tests


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ISH 2013: several new systems presented

Baxi Innotech Gamma Premio: successor of Gamma 1.0

Bosch Thermotechnik: Buderus Logapower FC 10, Junkers Cerapower FC

CFCL BlueGen

Elcore: Elcore 2400

Vaillant Fuel Cell: No presentation

Viessmann: Oct. 2012 cooperation with Hexis to develop the Galileo 1000 N SOFC

Oct. 2012 cooperation with Panasonic Vitovalor 300-P PEM-FC


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Baxi Innotech Gamma Premio

successor of Baxi Innotech Gamma 1.0

PEM-FC: 1,87 kWth/ 1,0 kWel,

el, = 34 % (Hi)

Additional condensing boiler 20 kW

buffer storage: 300 l DHW

Field test within ene.field 2013

source: Baxi Innotech


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CFCL BlueGen

introduced in January 2012

anode-stabilizd SOFC:

0,6 kWth/ 1,5 kWel,

el, = 60 % (Hi)

focus power generation

benefits from public funding

(13.000NRW + local programs)

price base system 19 k

source: CFCL


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Elcore 2400

High temperature-PEM-FC: 0,6 kWth/ 0,3 kWel,

el, ~ 30 % (Hi)

available since 2012 (announced for ~10 k)

Field test is still taking place in 2013

source: Elcore


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Viessmann Hexis Galileo 1000 N

SOFC: 1,8 kWth/ 1 kWel,

el, = 30 - 35 % (Hi)


Viessmann Panasonic Vitovalor 300-P

Low temperature-PEM-FC: 1,0 kWth/ 0,75 kWel,

el, = 37 % (Hi)


Japanese ene.farm-base: 29.5 k$

source (both): Viessmann


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Gas-driven heat pumps

Robur GAHP Pro and E3(OEM: Buderus, Oertli, Remeha, ...)

Vaillant ZeoTherm

Viessmann Vitosorp 200-F

Introduction end of 2013 (available since 9/2013 as

listed in portfolio)

gas adsorption heat pump: 10 kWtotal/ 2,4 kWgahp,

annual coefficient of perfomance for heating

H, = 137 % (Hi, TR/TF28 C/ 35 C)

Integrated condensing burner,

booster DHW 15 kW

2 GAHP for SFH compared to several dozens of EHPs

source: Viessmann


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Condensing gas boiler + electrically-driven heat pump

Junkers CerapurAero

ZSBH 16-4 / ZSBH 26-4

introduction in 2012/2013

electrical heat pump 2 kWth, COP 3.4 (+7/35 C, EN 14511)

condensing boiler

max. thermal power 14 resp. 24 kW

bivalent operation depending on air temperature

combination of best electrically driven and gas-driven

technologies in one compact unit

Boiler replacement at affordable costs < 6 ksource: Junkers


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Harmonization of Natural Gas Quality

Dis-harmony in European Natural Gas Market(s)Discussion of Standards and

Definitions, Z. Energiewirtschaft, (2013), by: P. Drasdo, M. Karasz, A. Pustisek

Recommended gas qualities are introduced in product standards

(e.g. EN 15502-2-1 Appendix DD)

Test gases are specified within EN 437

Liberalization of gas qualities has certain effects on appliance operation,

efficiencies and emissions

ErP requires decreasing NOx-emissions

Especially with high caloric gas qualities (LNG) NOx-formation will increase

There is a strong need for adaptive gas-air-ratio-control for gas appliances!


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Several adaptive gas-air-ratio-controls for gas appliances available

Ionization based methods (SCOT and variants)

CO ZrO-based flue probes

O2-ZrO-based flue probes (larger systems)

CO/O2-ZrO-based flue probes (larger systems)

temperature probe on burner surface (e.g. LambdaConstant)

Chance for premium appliance manufacturers to optimize appliance operation

and to manage the arising gas quality issue in an efficient way!


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Conclusions

There is still a strong market for gas appliances - but decreasing.

ErP and Primary Energy rating challenge gas appliance market

New Gas-Plus-Technologies are available.

-CHP: bivalent operation requires rethinking of installers and operators.

Availability of fuel cell and gas-driven heat pump appliances increases slowly.

Combination of e-HP and condensing boiler is promising and affordable.

There is still a need for more innovative products for natural gas -

in the domestic and commercial sector but

especially in the transport sector!


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Thank you fo r your attent ion!

dörr recent progresses gas appliances 2013

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