DOCUMENT RESUME

ED 398 388 CE 072 153

TITLE Specification for Qualification and Certification forEntry Level Welders.

INSTITUTION American Welding Society, Miami, FL.SPONS AGENCY Department of Education, Washington, DC.REPORT NO AWS-QC10-95; ISBN-0-87171-463-9PUB DATE 95

CONTRACT V-244-B-3006NOTE 31p.

PUB TYPE Guides Non-Classroom Use (055)

EDRS PRICE MF01/PCO2 Plus Postage.DESCRIPTORS *Certification; Employment Qualifications; *Entry

Workers; *Job Training; Postsecondary Education;*Standards; Vocational Education; *Welding

IDENTIFIERS American Welding Society

ABSTRACTThis document provides a standard that defines the

requirements and program for the American Welding Society to certifyentry-level welders. The certification of entry-level weldersrequires performance qualification and practical knowledge tests thatrequire a minimum of reading, computation, and manual skills tocomplete. The Entry-Level Welder Program will form a part of theNational Skill Standards Program, which is being enacted across awide range of industries in the United States. The standard includesthe following nine sections: (1) scope; (2) definitions; (3)

requirements for participating organizations; (4) practical knowledgetest; (5) performance tests; (6) inspection, testing, and acceptancecriteria; (7) documentation; (8) certification; and (9) informationabout the National Registry of Entry-Level Welders. Three appendixesinclude the following: standard welding procedure specifications, aworkmanship sample, and face- and root-bend test results. (KC)

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Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be madefrom the original document.

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S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONOf ce of Educational Research and Improvement

ED CATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATIONCENTER (ERIC)

This document has been reproduced asreceived from the person or organizationoriginating itMinor changes have been made toimprove reproduction quality

Points of view or opinions stated in thisdocument do not necessarily representofficial OERI position or policy

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BEST COPY AVAILABLE

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1

Key Words entry level welder, participating

Ill organization, performance tests,acceptance criteria, NationalRegistry

AWS QC10-95

Specification for Qualification and

Certification for Entry Level Welders

Funded by theU.S. Department of Education

Grant V.244 B 3006

Prepared by theAWS Education and Certification Departments

Under the Direction of theAWS Education Grant Committee

Approved by theAWS Education and Certification Council

Abstract

This standard defines the requirements and program for the American Welding Society tocertify entry level welders.

The certification of entry level welders requires performance qualification and practical knowledge tests. These tests

require a minimum of reading, computational, and manual skills to complete.

American Welding Society550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, Florida 33126

Statement on Use of AWS Standards

All standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the AmericanWelding Society are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of theAmerican National Standards Institute. When AWS standards are either incorporated in, or made part of,documents that are included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmental bodies,their provisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AWS standardsmust be approved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part of thoselaws and regulations. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other documentthat invokes the AWS standards. Where this contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations fromrequirements of an AWS standard must be by agreement between the contracting parties.

International Standard Book Number: 0-87171-463-9

American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, Florida 33126

n 1995 by American Welding Society.All rights reserved

Printed in the United States of America

Note: The primary purpose of AWS is to serve and benefit its members. To this end, AWS provides a forum forthe exchange, consideration, and discussion of ideas and proposals that are relevant to the welding industry and theconsensus of which forms the basis for these standards. By providing such a forum, AWS does not assume anyduties to which a user of these standards may be required to adhere. By publishing this standard, the AmericanWelding Society does not insure anyone using the information it contains against any liability arising from that use.Publication of a standard by the American Welding Society does not carry with it any right to make, use, or sellany patented items. Users of the information in this standard should make an independent, substantiatinginvestigation of the validity of that information for their particular use and the patent status of any item referred toherein.

With regard to technical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may berendered. However, such opinions represent only the personal opinions of the particular individuals giving them.These individuals do not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficialopinions or interpretations of AWS. In addition, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitutefor an official interpretation.

This standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS Education Committee. It must be reviewed every fiveyears and if not revised, it must be either reapproved or withdrawn. Comments (recommendations, additions, ordeletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving this standard are requested and should beaddressed to AWS Headquarters. Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS EducationCommittee and the author of the comments will be informed of the Committee's response to the comments. Guestsare invited to attend all meetings of the AWS Education Committee to express their comments verbally. Proceduresfor appeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are provided in the Rules of Operation of theTechnical Activities Committee. A copy of these Rules can be obtained from the American Welding Society, 550N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, Florida 33126.

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a

Personnel

AWS Education Grant Committee

F. G. Delaurier, ChairmanN. C. Wall, Vice Chairman

R. V. Reeve, SecretaryR.L. O'Brien, Program Manager

J. BartleyE.R. Bohnart

S.W. BollingerF. Cusma

J.E. GreerJ.H. Ivy

L.G. KvidahlR. Murray

L.W. MyersA.L. Petroski

R. C. PierceS.L. RaymondR.J. Teuscher

D. G. Howden, Ex-OfficioJ. C. Papritan, Ex- Officio

C.E. Pepper, Er-Officio

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American Welding SocietyAmerican Welding SocietyAmerican Welding SocietyAmerican Welding SocietyConsulting EngineerMiller Electric Mfg. Co.The Esab Group, Inc.Pacific Northwest IronworkersMoraine Valley Community CollegeIngalls ShipbuildingIngalls ShipbuildingH & M Steel, Inc.Dresser-Rand, Inc.Valmet, Inc. Honeycomb DivisionWelding Engineering Supply Co.National Training FundNorthwest Welding FabricatorsAmerican Welding SocietyOhio State UniversityU.S. Department of Energy

Foreword

(This Foreword is not a part of AWS QC10-95, Specification for Qualification and Certification of Entry LevelWelders, but is included for information purposes only.)

In July 1993, the American Welding Society (AWS) was awarded a grant as part of the Business and EducationStandards Program. This grant, from the U.S. Department of Education, was matched by an equal amount of in-kind support from the American Welding Society. Under this grant, AWS organized the Education GrantCommittee, which has overseen the efforts towards a standard for the qualification and certification of the entrylevel welder.

This Entry Level Welder Program will form a part of the National Skill Standards Program, which is beingenacted across a wide range of industries in the United States.

The development of this National Skill Standard has involved the participation of the welding industry througha survey designed to determine a consensus of welder skills and competencies required for individuals seeking firsttime employment or positions as entry level welders.

The results of this industry survey were an occupational task analysis that formed the basis for curriculumguidelines to guide the training of the Entry Level Welder candidate.

This standard defines the requirements for the certification of such individuals and their entry into the NationalRegistry of Entry Level Welders.

Comments and suggestions for improvement of this standard are welcome. They should be sent in writing tothe Secretary, AWS Education Committee, American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, Florida33126.

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Table of Contents

Page No.

Personnel iii

Foreword iv

1. Scope 1

2. Definitions 1

3. Requirements for Participating Organizations 2

4. Practical Knowledge Test 3

5. Performance Tests 3

6. Inspection, Testing, and Acceptance Criteria 4

7. Documentation 4

8. Certification 4

9. National Registry of Entry Level Welders 5

Annex A - Standard Welding Procedure Specifications 8

Annex B - Workmanship Sample 10

Annex C - Face- and Root-Bend Test Results 11

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C

C

C.

Specification for Qualification

and Certification of Entry Level Welders

1. Scope

1.1 This standard establishes the minimum requirements for an organization to participate withthe American Welding Society (AWS) in the qualification and certification of entry levelwelders.

1.2 This standard specifies practical knowledge and performance tests that require a minimumlevel of reading, computational, and manual skills to successfully complete.

1.3 All individuals that meet the specified performance at a facility meeting 3. Requirementsfor Participating Organizations will be listed in The National Registry of Entry Level Weldersat the American Welding Society.

1.4 Organizations not meeting 3. Requirements for Participating Organizations may usethis standard, but individuals they certify will not be listed in the National Registry of EntryLevel Welders.

1.5 Although a written test including questions on safety is required by this standard, thisstandard is not intended to address safety and health. Safety and health requirements areprovided in ANSI Z49.1, Safety in Welding and Cutting, other safety and health standards, andfederal, state, and local government regulations. The responsibility for safety of the Entry LevelWelder is primarily with the welder, the Participating Organization during training and testing,and afterwards, with the employer.

2. Definitions

The terms used in this standard are defined in ANSI/AWS A3.0, Standard Welding Termsand Definitions. Other terms are defined as follows:

(1) Participating Organization Any organization meeting 3. Requirements forParticipating Organizations.

(2) Entry Level Welder - An individual who possesses a prerequisite amount of knowledge,attitude, skills, and habits required to perform routine, predictable, repetitive, proceduralizedtasks involving motor skills and limited theoretical knowledge while working under closesupervision.

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3. Requirements for Participating Organizations

3.1 Participating Organizations may be training-and-testing or testing-only facilities.

3.2 Participating Organizations shall maintain and follow a quality manual that assurescompliance with this specification.

3.3 A machine-readable application for registration as a Participating Organization shallbe submitted with a cover letter signed by the Senior Official at the Facility. The coverletter shall certify to AWS that the Facility has a Quality Program which will be rigorouslyfollowed, and that the requirements of this standard will be met. If the ParticipatingOrganization is a training-and-testing organization, the letter shall also state that theircurriculum follows AWS EG2.0, Guide for Training and Qualification of Welding Personnel -Entry Level Welders.

3.4 Test supervisors for testing-and-training or testing-only Participating Organizationsshould be AWS Certified Welding Inspectors.

3.5 Instructors for testing-and-training Participating Organizations should be AWSCertified Welding Educators.

3.6 Quality System Audits. Audits may be required if evidence of nonconformance withthe Participating Organization's Quality Program or this specification exists.

3.6.1 Allegations of nonconformance supported by documentary evidence will bepresented to the AWS Qualification and Certification Committee. The committee mayrequire:

(1) A written statement by the Senior Official of the Participating Organization withsupporting evidence refuting the allegations, and a statement by the Senior Official of theParticipating Organization that the requirements of the Participating Organization QualityProgram and this specification have been met in the past, and will be met in the future, or

(2) An on-site quality audit by an AWS Approved Assessor to verify that therequirements of the Quality Program and this specification have been and are being met.

3.6.2 If a quality audit is required by the Committee, then the Participating Organizationhas two options, as follows:

(1) The Participating Organization may decline to be audited and resign from theProgram, or

(2) The Participating Organization may agree to be audited, in which case the SeniorOfficial of the Participating Organization shall issue a purchase order to AWS foradministrative fees and expenses of the assessor.

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4. Practical Knowledge Test

4.1 The practical knowledge test is a written closed-book examination designed to show

that the Entry Level Welder understands the following subjects:

Welding and Cutting TheoryWelding and Cutting Inspection and TestingWelding and Cutting Terms and DefinitionsBase and Filler Metal IdentificationBase and Filler Metal SelectionCommon Welding Process VariablesElectrical FundamentalsDrawing and Welding Symbol InterpretationFabrication Principles and PracticesSafe Practices

4.2 A minimum passing grade of 75% is required with at least 90% of the safety questions

answered correctly, with a limit of three retests.

5. Performance Tests

Performance tests are designed to show that the Entry Level Welder can:

(1) Read and interpret simple drawings and sketches, including welding symbols,

(2) Follow written procedures,(3) Cut parts to proper size and fit simple assemblies,(4) Pass a limited thickness SMAW qualification test in the horizontal (2G) and vertical

(3G) positions,(5) Pass workmanship tests using GMAW and FCAW (Figures 1 and 2) in carbon steel,

and(6) GTAW (Figures 3 through 5) in carbon steel, stainless steel, and aluminum sheet

metal.

5.1 The Entry Level Welder shall prepare, by flame or plasma arc cutting, the parts

required in Figures 1 through 5.

5.2 The Entry Level Welder shall assemble the parts prepared in 5.1, as shown in Figures

1 through 5.

5.3 The Entry Level Welder shall weld the assemblies using the WPS indicated on the

drawing for each assembly. The WPSs specified are listed in Annex A.

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5.3 The Entry Level Welder shall weld the assemblies using the WPS indicated on the drawingfor each assembly. The WPSs specified are listed in Annex A.

6. Inspection, Testing, and Acceptance Criteria

6.1 All cut edges shall be visually examined and the cut surfaces shall meet the criteria ofAWS C4.1 Sample 2 with grinding. After inspection, the cut surfaces may be conditioned tobright metal.

6.2 All assemblies shall be visually examined and the welds shall meet the acceptance criteriashown in Table 1.

6.3 Butt joints welded with the shielded metal arc welding process in the horizontal (2G) andvertical (3G) positions shall be cut to produce face- and root-bend specimens as shown in Figure6.

6.4 Face- and root-bend specimens shall be conditioned as shown in Figure 7, and bent in abend fixture similar to Figure 8 or 9, in accordance with ANSI/AWS B4.0, Standard Methodsfor Mechanical Testing of Welds.

6.5 Face- and root-bend specimens after bending shall meet the requirements ofTable 2.

7. Documentation

For each successful Entry Level Welder, the Participating Organization shall prepare amachine-readable report containing the following:

(1) The Entry Level Welder's name and Social Security Number,

(2) The actual grade on the Written Closed Book Test,

(3) The actual grade on the Safety portion of the Written Closed Book Test,

(4) The results of the visual examination of each workmanship test, and

(5) The results of the face- and root-bend tests on the horizontal (2G) and vertical (3G)position SMAW performance qualification test plates.

8. Certification

8.1 The Participating Organization shall send the machine-readable report to the AmericanWelding Society.

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8.2 The American Welding Society shall enter the data into the Entry Level Welder database

and destroy the machine readable report.

9. National Registry of Entry Level Welders

The Entry Level Welder database shall function as the National Registry of Entry LevelWelders.

9.1 Persons listed in the databank are not required to maintain registration by reporting

welding activities. Individual registrations expire automatically after one year.

9.2 When the individual's registration expires, that individual's records shall be expunged from

the databank.

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Annex A

Standard Welding Procedure Specifications

ANSI/AWS B2.1.001 Standard Welding Procedure Specification for Shielded Metal ArcWelding of Carbon Steel, (M-1/P-1, Group 1 or 2), 3/16 through 3/4inch in the As-Welded Condition, with Backing

ANSI/AWS B2.1.008 Standard Welding Procedure Specification for Gas Tungsten ArcWelding of Carbon Steel, (M-1, Group 1), 10 through 18 Gage, in theAs-Welded Condition, with or without Backing

ANSI/AWS B2.1.009 Standard Welding Procedure Specification for Gas Tungsten ArcWelding of Austenitic Stainless Steel, (M-8/P-8), 10 through 18 Gage,in the As-Welded Condition, with or without Backing

ANSI/AWS B2.1.015 Standard Welding Procedure Specification for Gas Tungsten ArcWelding of Aluminum, (M-22 or P-22), 10 through 18 Gauge, in theAs-Welded Condition, with or without Backing

ANSI/AWS B2.1.019 Standard Welding Procedure Specification for CO2 Shielded Flux CoredArc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through1-1/2 inch Thick, E70T-1 and E71T-1, As-Welded. Condition

ANSI/AWS B2.1.020 Standard Welding Procedure Specification for 75% Argon 25% CO2Shielded Flux Cored Arc Welding of Carbon Steel, (M-1/P-1/S-1,Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E70T-1 and E71T-1,As-Welded Condition

AWS-1-GMAW-S Welding Procedure Specification for Gas Metal Arc Welding ShortCircuit Transfer on Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1, Group 1 or 2), 3/8 inchThick, in the As-Welded Condition

AWS-1-FCAW Welding Procedure Specification for Self-Shielded Flux Cored ArcWelding of Carbon Steel, (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E71T-11, in the As-Welded Condition

AWS-2-GMAW Welding Procedure Specification for Gas Metal Arc Welding SprayTransfer on Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1, Group 1 or 2), 3/8 inch Thick, inthe As-Welded Condition

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AWS-5-GTAW

C

Welding Procedure Specification for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding ofAluminum, (M-23/P-23), 10 through 18 Gauge, in the As-WeldedCondition, with or without Backing

Annex B

Workmanship Sample

Visual Inspection

Name of Student:Social Security No.:Sample #

Size:

Under OK Excessive

Undercut:

Acceptable Rejected

Porosity:

Diameter of Largest

Acceptable Rejected

Overlap:

Acceptable Rejected

Penetration:

Acceptable Rejected

Appearance:

Acceptable Rejected

Cracks:

Acceptable Rejected

Name: Date:(Please Print)

Signature:

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C

Annex C

Face- and Root-Bend Test Results

Name of Student:

Social Security No.:

2G Face-bend:

Length of each discontinuity (Over 1/32") Sum

Accept Reject

2G Root-bend:

Length of each discontinuity (Over 1/32") Sum

Accept Reject

3G Face-bend:

Length of each discontinuity (Over 1/32") Sum

Accept Reject

3G Root-bend:

Length of each discontinuity (Over 1/32") Sum

Accept Reject

Name: Date:(Please Print)

Signature:

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join

s P

arts

1C

and

lE to

1A.

14. V

isua

l exa

min

atio

n in

acco

rdan

ce w

ith th

e

requ

irem

ents

of A

WS

°C

10, T

able

1.

Figu

re 3

- G

TA

WPl

ain

Car

bon

Stee

lW

orkm

ansh

ip P

erfo

rman

ce

Qua

lific

atio

n

22

Sea

l Wel

dS

ee N

ote

10

-1 1

- 1/

2"

Sea

l Wel

s

Not

e 1001

03

6"

1/2"

TY

P

Man

ual

PA

C-

0 1'

INC

HM

M

1/16

1.6

1/8

3.2

1/4

6.4

1/2

12.7

125

.4

Man

ual P

AC

Thi

s E

dge

NO

TE

S

1.A

ll di

men

sion

s U

.S. c

usto

mar

y un

less

oth

erw

ise

spec

ified

.

2.10

ga.

- 1

8 ga

. thi

ckne

ss s

tain

less

ste

el m

ater

ial.

Opt

iona

l cho

ice

of th

ickn

ess

with

in r

ange

spe

cifie

d.3.

The

wel

der

shal

l pre

pare

a b

ill o

f mat

eria

ls in

U.S

.cu

stom

ary

units

of m

easu

re p

rior

to c

uttin

g.4.

The

wel

der

shal

l con

vert

the

abov

e bi

ll of

mat

eria

lsto

S.I.

met

ric u

nits

of m

easu

re.

5.A

ll pa

rts

may

be

mec

hani

cally

cut

or

mac

hine

PA

C

unle

ss s

peci

fied

man

ual P

AC

.6.

All

wel

ds G

TA

W.

7.F

it an

d ta

ck e

ntire

ass

embl

y on

ben

ch b

efor

e w

eldi

ng.

8.A

LL W

ELD

ING

DO

NE

IN P

OS

ITIO

N A

CC

OR

DIN

G

TO

DR

AW

ING

OR

IEN

TA

TIO

N.

9.E

mpl

oy b

oxin

g te

chni

que

whe

re a

pplic

able

.10

. Mel

t thr

ough

not

req

uire

d.11

. Use

WP

S 6

2.1.

009.

12. V

isua

l exa

min

atio

n in

acc

orda

nce

with

the

requ

irem

ents

of A

WS

()C

IO, T

able

1.

Figu

re 4

- G

TA

W S

tain

less

Ste

el W

orkm

ansh

ip P

erfo

rman

ceQ

ualif

icat

ion

2324

Sea

l Wel

dS

ee N

ote

10

25

--I 1

-

6"

Man

ual

PA

C-

0 V

1/2H

INC

HM

M

1/16

1.6

1/8

3.2

1/4

6.4

1/2

12.7

25.4

Man

ual P

AC

Thi

s E

dge

5-1/

2'

41%

NO

TE

S

1.A

ll di

men

sion

s U

.S. c

usto

mar

y un

less

oth

erw

ise

spec

ified

.

2.10

ga.

-18

ga.

thic

knes

s al

umin

um m

ater

ial.

Opt

iona

l cho

ice

of th

ickn

ess

with

in r

ange

spe

cifie

d.

3.T

he w

elde

r sh

all p

repa

re a

bill

of m

ater

ials

in U

.S.

cust

omar

y un

its o

f mea

sure

prio

r to

cut

ting.

4.T

he w

elde

r sh

all c

onve

rt th

e ab

ove

bill

of m

ater

ials

to S

.I. m

etric

uni

ts o

f mea

sure

.

5.A

ll pa

rts

may

be

mec

hani

cally

cut

or

mac

hine

PA

C

unle

ss s

peci

fied

man

ual P

AC

.

6.A

ll w

elds

GM

AW

, spr

ay tr

ansf

er.

7.F

it an

d ta

ck e

ntire

ass

embl

y on

ben

ch b

efor

e w

eldi

ng.

8. A

LL W

ELD

ING

DO

NE

IN P

OS

ITIO

N A

CC

OR

DIN

G

TO

DR

AW

ING

OR

IEN

TA

TIO

N.

9.E

mpl

oy b

oxin

g te

chni

que

whe

re a

pplic

able

.10

. Mel

t thr

ough

not

req

uire

d.11

. Use

WP

S B

2.1.

015

for

alum

inum

(M

-22

or P

-22)

.11

. Use

WP

S A

WS

-5-G

TA

W fo

r al

umin

um (

M-2

3).

12. V

isua

l exa

min

atio

n in

acc

orda

nce

with

the

requ

irem

ents

of A

WS

OC

10, T

able

1.

Figu

re 5

- G

TA

W A

lum

inum

Wor

kman

ship

Perf

orm

ance

Qua

lific

atio

n

EST

CO

PY M

AM

AL

E

26

1-1/

2" w

idth

Fac

e -

Ben

d S

peci

men

3/8

27

1 -1

/2"

wid

thR

oot -

Ben

d S

peci

men

45"

INC

HM

M

1/16

1.6

1/8

3.2

1/4

6.4

1/2

12.7

125

.4

1/4

6 M

IN

7 M

IN

Figu

re 6

- S

MA

W T

est P

late

s

Not

es:

1. 3

/8"

thic

knes

s pl

ain

carb

on s

teel

mat

eria

l.

2. P

erfo

rman

ce Q

ualif

icat

ion

#1 =

2G

pos

ition

.P

erfo

rman

ce Q

ualif

icat

ion

#2 =

3G

pos

ition

.

3. A

ll w

eldi

ng d

one

in p

ositi

on a

ccor

ding

to

appl

icab

le p

erfo

rman

ce q

ualif

icat

ion

requ

irem

ent.

4. T

he b

acki

ng th

ickn

ess

shal

l be

1/4

in. m

in to

3/8

in.

max

; bac

king

wid

th 1

in. m

in.

5. A

ll pa

rts

may

be

mec

hani

cally

cut

or

mac

hine

OF

C.

6. U

se W

PS

B2.

1.00

1

7. V

isua

l exa

min

atio

n in

acc

orda

nce

with

the

requ

ire-

men

ts o

f °C

10, T

able

1.

Ben

d te

st in

acc

orda

nce

with

the

requ

irem

ents

of 0

C10

, Tab

le 2

.

28

I--- 6 MIN (SEE NOTE 1) 1

NOTE 2

1 -1/2

NOTE 3

3/8

Notes:1. A longer specimen length may be necessary.2. These edges may be oxygen-cut and may or may not be machined.3. The weld reinforcement, and any backing, shall be removed

flush with the surface of the specimen.4. Cut surfaces shall be smooth and parallel.

RADIUS 1/8 MAX

3/8

in. mm

1/8 3

3/8 10

1-1/2 38

6 150

Figure 7 - Face- and Root-Bend Test Specimens

BEST COPY AVAILA LE

29

TAPPED HOLE TO SUITTESTING MACHINE

1 AS REQUIRED

1-1/8

1/4

1--- 3-7/82

3/4

3/4

3/4

AS REQUIRED

PLUNGER MEMBER1-1/2

SHOULDER HARDENEDAND GREASED

3/4

5-1/4

L

R =3/4

4-1/2

1/21 1/8

6-3/4

1/8

3/4 1DIEMEMBER

3/4

7-1/2

9

1-3/16

Figure 8 - Typical Guided-Bend Test Fixture

in. mm

1/16 1.51/8 3.01/4 6.51/2 12.53/4 19.0

1 -1/8 28.52 51.03 76.03-7/8 98.56-3/4 171.57-1/2 190.59 228.5

HARDENED ROLLERS1-1/2 in. INDIAMETER MAY BESUBSTITUTED FORJIG SHOULDERS

7/16

in. mm

3/8 10 1-1/2

7/16 11

3/4 19

1-1/2 38 V A

3/8

ROLLER ANYDIAMETER

WELD

3/4

Figure 9 - Alternative Wrap Around Bend Test Fixture

31_

(9/92)

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Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC)

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