Do NowDo Now

• Identify some elements of a Identify some elements of a successful empire? successful empire?

• What gives a ruler the right to rule? What gives a ruler the right to rule?

Primary Document: Primary Document: Compare EmpiresCompare Empires

Mauryan Empire Mauryan Empire

322-185 BCE322-185 BCEGupta EmpireGupta Empire

320-499 CE320-499 CE

ChandraguptaChandragupta: : 321 321 BCE-298 BCEBCE-298 BCE

ChandraguptaChandragupta: : 321 321 BCE-298 BCEBCE-298 BCE

Unified India.Unified India.

Divided his empire intoDivided his empire into provinces and districts provinces and districts

For taxes and lawFor taxes and law enforcement. enforcement.

Feared assassination Feared assassination

food tasters, slept in differentfood tasters, slept in different rooms, etc. rooms, etc.

301 BCE 301 BCE gave up rule gave up rule

The Maurya EmpireThe Maurya EmpireThe Maurya EmpireThe Maurya Empire

321 BCE – 185 BCE321 BCE – 185 BCE

KautilyaKautilyaKautilyaKautilya ChandraguptaChandragupta’’s advisor.s advisor.

Wrote a guide for the king Wrote a guide for the king

Supports royal power.Supports royal power.

Anarchy is bad Anarchy is bad

Needs single authority to use Needs single authority to use force force

Asoka (304 – 232 Asoka (304 – 232 BCE)BCE)

Asoka (304 – 232 Asoka (304 – 232 BCE)BCE) Converted to Converted to

BuddhismBuddhism

After seeing BattleAfter seeing Battle

Built extensive Built extensive roads.roads.

ConflictConflict how to how to balance keeping balance keeping power with power with Buddhism Buddhism

AsokaAsoka’’s s

EmpireEmpire

AsokaAsoka’’s s

EmpireEmpire

AsokaAsoka’’s law s law codecode

AsokaAsoka’’s law s law codecode Edicts written on Edicts written on

pillarspillars

Each pillar [Each pillar [stupastupa] is ] is 4040’’-50-50’’ high. high.

Buddhist principles Buddhist principles dominate his laws.dominate his laws.

Asoka’s Value Asoka’s Value

• Buddhist Values Buddhist Values – Edicts in this category are – Edicts in this category are concerned with the Buddha’s teachings about how concerned with the Buddha’s teachings about how to live a correct life to live a correct life

• General Welfare General Welfare – Edicts in this category are – Edicts in this category are concerned with making sure people have good concerned with making sure people have good health, shelter, clean water, and enough food health, shelter, clean water, and enough food

• JusticeJustice: Edicts in this category are concerned with : Edicts in this category are concerned with fair laws and treatment in court and jail fair laws and treatment in court and jail

• SecuritySecurity: Edicts in this category are concerned : Edicts in this category are concerned with the protection of people from foreign enemies with the protection of people from foreign enemies

Do Now: Place your 3 most important Do Now: Place your 3 most important achievements in the trophy achievements in the trophy

Gupta Empire:Gupta Empire: 320 CE – 320 CE – 647 CE647 CE

Gupta Empire:Gupta Empire: 320 CE – 320 CE – 647 CE647 CE

Chandra Gupta IChandra Gupta I

““Great King of KingsGreat King of Kings””

Strong Military and Economy Strong Military and Economy

Chandra Gupta II Chandra Gupta II

ruled 375 - 415 CEruled 375 - 415 CE

Expanded Trade Expanded Trade

Promoted a revival in Hinduism !!!Promoted a revival in Hinduism !!!

Gupta Rule

Fa-Hsien was a Chinese Buddhist hinese Buddhist monk who traveled along the monk who traveled along the Silk Road and visited India in Silk Road and visited India in the 5the 5thth century. century.

He reported the people of the He reported the people of the Gupta Kingdom to be happy, Gupta Kingdom to be happy, relatively free of government relatively free of government oppression, and inclined oppression, and inclined towards courtesy and charity. towards courtesy and charity. Other references in his journal, Other references in his journal, however, indicate that the caste however, indicate that the caste system was quickly returning, system was quickly returning, including the features of including the features of "untouchability," the social "untouchability," the social isolation of a lowest class that is isolation of a lowest class that is doomed to menial labor.doomed to menial labor.

Fa-Hsien Describes life in Gupta India

Exploring Gupta India’s GoldenExploring Gupta India’s GoldenAge Age

• You and your partner will visit one station at a time You and your partner will visit one station at a time • EACHEACH of you will record your findings on your map of you will record your findings on your map

– In the In the SETTINGSETTING box use 3 words to describe your box use 3 words to describe your setting setting

– Open the card and read the information about your Open the card and read the information about your achievement. Record information in the achievement. Record information in the NOTESNOTES box box

– At end of the activity you will answer the following At end of the activity you will answer the following prompt using your essay format. prompt using your essay format. “Imagine that are a “Imagine that are a traveler who has spent a month traveling in India traveler who has spent a month traveling in India during the Golden Age. Write an essay explaining during the Golden Age. Write an essay explaining what was most remarkable and impressive thing what was most remarkable and impressive thing you saw during your journey. Support with you saw during your journey. Support with evidenceevidence

International Trade International Trade Routes during the Routes during the

GuptasGuptas

International Trade International Trade Routes during the Routes during the

GuptasGuptas

Extensive Trade:Extensive Trade:4c4c

Extensive Trade:Extensive Trade:4c4c

spices

spices

spicesspices

gold & gold &

ivoryivory

gold & gold & ivoryivory

rice & rice & wheatwheathorseshorses

cotton goods

cotton goods

cotton goods

cotton goodssilkssilks

GuptGuptaa

ArtArt

GuptGuptaa

ArtArt

Greatly influenced Greatly influenced Southeast Asian art & Southeast Asian art &

architecture.architecture.

Gupta Golden AgeGupta Golden AgeProfitable trade and a stable government led to the

“Golden Age of India” under the rule of the Gupta. Math:

Gupta mathematicians developed the concept of zero, and the decimal system based on the number 10 . 

• They created a number system known as Arabic Numerals. This is the number system used throughout the world today. 

Medicine:Gupta physicians developed herbal remedies to treat various illnesses. They also developed a form of plastic surgery for the treatment of facial injuries.  Physicians vaccinated against smallpox, a practice later used in China and Europe.

Science:• Gupta scientists developed the mathematical principle of pi

,a solar calendar and determined that the Earth is round.

MedicineMedicineMedicineMedicine LiteratureLiteratureLiteratureLiterature

MathematicsMathematicsMathematicsMathematicsAstronomyAstronomyAstronomyAstronomy

PrintedPrintedmedicinal medicinal

guidesguides

1000 1000 diseasesdiseasesclassifiedclassified

PlasticPlasticSurgerySurgery

C-sectionsC-sectionsperformeperforme

dd

InoculatioInoculationsns

500 healing500 healingplants plants

identifiedidentified

DecimalDecimalSystemSystem

ConceptConceptof Zeroof Zero

PI = 3.1416PI = 3.1416

KalidasKalidasaa

SolarSolarCalendarCalendar

The The earthearth

is roundis round

GuptaGuptaIndiaIndia

Gupta Gupta AchievemeAchieveme

ntsnts

Gupta Gupta AchievemeAchieveme

ntsnts

The Decline of the GuptasThe Decline of the GuptasThe Decline of the GuptasThe Decline of the Guptas

Invasion of the White Huns in the 4c Invasion of the White Huns in the 4c signaledsignaled the end of the Gupta Golden Age, even the end of the Gupta Golden Age, even thoughthough at first, the Guptas defeated them. at first, the Guptas defeated them.

After the decline of the Gupta empire, After the decline of the Gupta empire, northnorth India broke into a number of separate India broke into a number of separate HinduHindu kingdoms and was not really unified again kingdoms and was not really unified again untiluntil the coming of the Muslims in the 7c. the coming of the Muslims in the 7c.

BhartrhariBhartrhari a 55thth century India court poet century India court poet and philosopher wrote :and philosopher wrote :

““Knowledge is man's crowning mark,Knowledge is man's crowning mark,A treasure secretly buried,A treasure secretly buried,The source of luxury, fame, and bliss,The source of luxury, fame, and bliss,A guru most venerable,A guru most venerable,A friend on foreign journeys,A friend on foreign journeys,The pinnacle of divinity.The pinnacle of divinity.Knowledge is valued by kings Knowledge is valued by kings beyond wealth--- beyond wealth---When he lacks it, a man is a brute.When he lacks it, a man is a brute. “

Legacy of the Gupta KingdomLegacy of the Gupta Kingdom