DNA and Molecular Genetics

DNA structure

Replication

Gene concept

Transcription

Translation

Uses

Evidence

Life cycle

Evidence

Rough

Smooth Smooth

Bacteria

Rough

Heated Smooth

HeatedSmooth

Heat to 60oC

bacteria died

Smooth bacteria

cause mouse die

Rough bacteria

no change

Rough Rough

Heated Smooth

Heated Smooth

Heated Smooth

Rough

Heated smooth bacteria mixed with rough can cause mouse dead

Some things transmit to rough.

Life cycle of Bacteriophage

ANIMATION

DNA Structure

Nucleic Acids

Phosphate

Ribose

base

Adenine

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Purine Pyrimidine

Nucleic Acid

ATGC combination

During cell division, DNA must reproduce itself, so that all genetic information can be transferred to daughter cells.

There are three hypothesis about DNA replication.

DNA Replication

Experiment

Semiconservative Replicatio

n

Replication mechanismA

NIM

AT

ION

AN

IMA

TIO

N

Gene concept

Gene is a sequence of DNA.

Each chromosome contains a lot of gene.

Each gene control a characteristic. So each chromosome may control a lot of gene.

How do gene control characteristic?

Gene is a sequence of DNA which contain genetic information. A messenger transports the information out the nucleus. The messenger is read by ribosome and transform to protein as building block of our body. The messenger is messenger RNA.

Transcription

ANIMATION

How do mRNA work?

Translation

tRNA

Translation

Translation

ANIMATION

Code of codon

Whole Process

Use of DNA technology

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