distributed battle simulations program east region bos team military decision making process mdmp

Distributed Battle Simulations Program East Region BOS Team

MILITARY DECISION MAKING PROCESSMILITARY DECISION MAKING PROCESS

MDMP


• Purpose

– To familiarize NCOs with the steps in the Military Decision Making Process.

– To identify how and where NCOs can support the Military Decision Making Process.

MDMP


OVERVIEW

• The Seven Steps of the MDMP

• TTP- How and Where NCOs Facilitate Successful MDMP

• POC Information


• Receipt of mission

• Mission analysis

• COA development

• COA analysis

• COA comparison

• COA approval

• Orders production

– Rehearsal– Execution

STEPS in the MDMP

FM 101-5 pg 5-2


MDMP ADVANTAGES

• It analyzes and compares multiple friendly and enemy COAs in an attempt to identify the most effective friendly COA.

• It produces the greatest integration, coordination, and synchronization for an operation and minimizes the risk of overlooking a critical event.

• It produces a detailed OPORD/OPLAN.


MDMP DISADVANTAGE

• It can be a time-consuming process. (if you are untrained and unpracticed)


OutputInput

Mission of Higher Cdr’s Initial Guidance

Warning Order 1

Receipt of Mission- Initial Assessment

- Update Staff Estimates

- Prepare for Mission Analysis

FM 101-5 pgs 5-3, 5-4

MILITARY DECISION MAKING PROCESS STEP 1


NCOs IN THE MDMP

• Prepare TOC for planning process• Prepare and distribute warning orders• Log receipt of all warning orders, OPORDs, and FRAGOS• Use your TACSOP• Gather appropriate maps of AO• Gather appropriate FMs• Configure plans tent for Mission Analysis

RECEIPT OF MISSION


Cdr’s Intent / Guidance

OutputInput

Mission

Staff Estimates

Mission Analysis- Analysis of Higher Msn/Intent

- Identify Specified / Implied Tasks /

Essential Tasks

- Review Task Org / Assets

- Determine Restrictions

- Assess Risk

- Identify Critical Facts/ Assumptions

Initial IPB Products

Restated Mission

Staff Products

Warning Order 2

Battlefield Framework

Preliminary Movement

FM 102-5 pgs 5-4, 5-5 thru 5-11

Facts & Assumptions

MILITARY DECISION MAKING

PROCESS STEP 2


NCOs IN THE MDMP

MISSION ANALYSIS

• Copy graphics• Prepare and update status charts• Prepare terrain sketches• Update and post unit reports• Conduct mission analysis as a member of your staff section

CALL NEWSLETTER 95-12


• Serve as a recorder during process

• Post Mission Analysis Briefing chart (agenda)

• Make copies of Cdr’s intent of guidance

• Brief commander and staff

NCOs IN THE MDMP

MISSION ANALYSIS (con’t)


USED DURING MISSION ANALYSIS & COA DEVELOPMENT

Butcher Block Marker Pens1:50,000 Map of AOAcetate CoverUnit SymbolsRecorder(s)Briefing AgendaOverlays (ops graphics, enemy SITEMP, obstacles)

NCO AZIMUTH CHECK


Restated Mission

Cdr's Guidance / Intent

OutputInput

Course of Action Development- Analyze Relative Combat Power

- Generate Options

- Array Initial Forces

- Develop the Scheme of Maneuver

- Assign Headquarters

- Prepare COA Statements / Sketches

COA Stmts / Sketches

Enemy COAs

Staff Estimates

FM 101-5 pgs 5-4, 5-11 thru 5-16



NCOs IN THE MDMP

COA DEVELOPMENT

• Prepare charts and products for COA development• Assist in the development of COAs• Sketch COAs• Support briefing requirements• Assist with preparation of COA statements where necessary• Post COA briefing chart (if required)• Record Cdr’s guidance or adjustments to specific COAs



• Graphically portrays the scheme of maneuver.

• At a minimum, the sketch should include the array of generic forces (enemy and friendly) and control measures.

• Can be on any media – what it portrays is more important than its form.

• Stands alone.

• Sketches for multiple COAs in the same operation

should be identical (terrain, enemy sitemp, obstacles)

FM 101-5, pg 5-14

COA SKETCH


• COA sketch must include:

– Phase lines– Ground and/or air axes of advance– Zones of attack or defensive sectors– Assembly areas– Strongpoints– Battle positions– Engagement areas– Objectives

COA DEVELOPMENT

FM 101-5 pgs 5-11 thru 5-16


– FEBA or LD/LC– Major obstacles– Fire support coordination measures– Main effort designated in the offense– Enemy situation

COA DEVELOPMENT

• COA sketch must include: (con’t)


• Depict Terrain

• Array the Enemy and Avenues of Approach

• Apply Higher Hqs Graphics

• Show Scheme of Maneuver

COA SKETCH

• Show key and decisive terrain.

• Show significant changes in relief.

• Show principle vegetated areas.

• Show built-up areas.

• Any other feature that plays a significant role in the scheme of maneuver.

KALMAL

STEP ONEDEPICT TERRAIN

KALMAL

• Show all avenues.

• Identify most likely avenue.

• Extend avenues throughout your sector.

• Enemy event template can be overlaid along most likely.

STEP TWOSHOW ENEMY AVENUES OF APPROACH

KALMAL

STEP TWO (con’t)SHOW ENEMY AVENUES OF APPROACH

(-)

Enemy forces may be arrayed along the avenues of approach to provide additional visualization.

KALMAL

• Use all control measures from overlay.

• Do not rename control measures.

STEP THREEAPPLY HIGHER’S GRAPHICS

PL SILVER

PL GOLD (LOA)

PL GOLD (LOA)

PL ZINC

PL RED(FEBA)

PL ZINC

PL RED(FEBA)

PL SILVER

(-)

PL COPPERPL COPPER

KALMAL

PL GOLD (LOA)

PL ZINC

PL SILVER

PL RED(FEBA)

PL GOLD (LOA)

PL ZINC

PL RED(FEBA)

PL SILVER

(-)

I I

PL BLUE (BHL)

PL BLUE (BHL)

PL COPPERPL COPPER

G G

I I

FINAL SKETCH

Integrates Obstacle Effects and Belts

I I

I II


STEP FOURSHOW SCHEME OF MANEUVER

• Use symbols from FM 101-5-1, App C

• Paint a picture for the commander and staff

• Create a separate sketch for actions on the objective if necessary

• Identify the decisive point

• Work through the battlefield framework

• Write down task and purpose for each sub-element

PL KENNEDY

O/O FEBA(PL CARTER)

PL HOOVER

LD/LC(PL LINCOLN)

BHO(PL GARFIELD)

O/O FEBA(PL CARTER)

PL KENNEDY

PL HOOVER

BHO(PL GARFIELD) LD/LC

(PL LINCOLN)

N

OPEL MTNS

BLACK MTNS

CUDDEBACK LAKE

(D

EPRESSION)

GRAVEL HILLS

XX

X

X

LOA(PL REAGAN)

PL REAGANII

II

II

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

COA SKETCHSHOW SCHEMEOF MANEUVER

OBJDOG

OBJCAT

OBJOWL

TF3, the O/O Main Effort, follows in the northeast, attacks to exploit the breach of TF1 and defeat the enemy BRAG vic OBJ OWL to complete the defeat of the 311 MIBR and secure PL Reagan.

OBJFISH

(+)

(-)


COA Stmts / Sketches

Staff COA

War Game Results

Mission to Subordinates

CCIR

OutputInput

Enemy COA

- Conduct War Game

Course of Action Analysis

Task Organization

FM 101-5 pgs 5-4, 5-16 thru 5-24



• Remain unbiased

• List advantages and disadvantages (as found)for each COA

• Continually assess COA feasibility, acceptability, and suitability

• Avoid drawing premature conclusions and gathering facts to support such conclusions

• Compare COAs during comparison process: not during war game

FM 101-5 pgs 5-4, 5-16 thru 5-24

COA ANALYSIS WAR GAMING RULES


• Gather the tools

• List all friendly forces

• List assumptions

• List known critical events and decision points

• Determine evaluation criteria

FM 101-5 pgs 5-17 thru 5-22

COA ANALYSIS WAR GAMING STEPS


COA ANALYSIS WAR GAMING STEPS (con’t)

• Select the war game method (avenue/belt/box)

• Select method to record and display results (sync matrix or sketch note)

• War game the battle and assess the results


• Modified COA

• Refinement of task organization

• The sync matrix and decision support template

• Identification of location and commitment of reserve

• Refined CCIR

• Identify / confirm DPs / NAIs, TAIs

• Identify, analyze, and evaluate strengths and weaknesses of the COA

• Integrate the targeting process (refine EFSTs)

FM 101-5 pgs 5-23 thru 5-24

COA ANALYSIS 8 CRITICAL WAR GAME RESULTS


NCOs IN THE MDMP

COA ANALYSIS

• Collect and prepare tools/charts/products– Prepare unit icons for movement on the map– Blank sheet of acetate on the map– Post the assumptions– Post the COA sketch and statement– Post the evaluation criteria– Prepare the sync matrix w/appropriate task organization



NCOs IN THE MDMP

COA ANALYSIS

• Serve as a war-game recorder• Conduct war-game session• Post war-game briefing chart (if required)• Monitor time and keep the staff on track


OutputInput

War Game Results Decision MatrixCourse of Action Comparison- Assess Risk

- Compare COAs

- Recommendation

Establish Criteria

FM 101-5 pgs 5-4, 5-24



• Post appropriate decision matrix format for use during comparison

• Ensure each selected COA:

– Pose the minimum risk to soldiers, equipment, and mission accomplishment

– Best position the force for future operations

FM 101-5 pg 5-24

NCOs IN THE MDMP

COA COMPARISON


–Provide the best flexibility to meet “unknowns” during execution

–Provide maximum latitude for initiative by subordinates

COA COMPARISON (con’t)

NCOs IN THE MDMP


NCOs IN THE MDMP

COA DECISION BRIEF

• Post decision briefing chart• Make recommendations• Record/post commander’s guidance • Support briefing requirements



Course of Action ApprovalDecision Matrix

Specified Type of Order / Rehearsal

High Pay-Off Target List

- Select COA

- Assess Risk

- Specify Type of Order

Approved COA

Refined Cdr’s Intent

OutputInput

FM 101-5 pgs 5-4, 5-26

Warning Order 3



Approved COA Orders Production- Translate into Plan / Order

- Incorporate Branches and Sequels

- Establish Control Measures

- Synchronize Plan / Order

OPORD / OPLAN

OutputInput

FM 101-5 pgs 5-4, 5-26



NCOs IN THE MDMP

ORDERS PREPARATION

• Write/Type annexes• Consolidate annexes• Reproduce orders/graphics• Review/read orders• Anticipate and support briefing requirements• Stay informed and involved



• 5 Types of Rehearsals– Confirmation Brief– Backbrief– Combined Arms Rehearsal– Support Rehearsal– Battle Drill or SOP Rehearsal

FM 101-5 pgs 5-2, & APP GCALL NEWSLETTER 98-5

REHEARSALS


NCOs IN THE MDMP

REHEARSALS

• Prepare terrain models• Communication plan (COMEX)• RTO training (radio log)• Recording changes/posting changes• Large scale rehearsals require BFV/Tank Cdr, 1SG, PSG, and Section NCOIC to be intimately familiar with plan


Questions?

distributed battle simulations program east region bos team military decision making process mdmp

Documents

mission analysis analysis

mission analysis fm

unpracticed slide

mdmp fm

staff ncos

mdmp ttp

planning process

timeconsuming process