DISEASE OCCURRENCE COMPARISON

DISEASE OCCURRENCE COMPARISONJoko MulyantoDepartment of Public Health & Community MedicineFaculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal SoedirmanLEARNING OBJECTIVEUnderstand and explain concept of disease occurrence comparisonUnderstand and explain absolute comparisonUnderstand and explain relative comparisonBACKGROUNDComparing disease occurrence in groups of people who have different exposure.Calculate the risk of getting ill-health as result of exposureDescribe the strength of association between exposure and outcome

TYPE OF DISEASE OCCURRENCE COMPARISONAbsolute comparisonRelative comparisonABSOLUTE COMPARISONRisk differenceAttributable fractionPopulation attributable riskRISK DIFFERENCEDifference in rates occurrence between exposed and unexposed group in population.The groups should be similar, only difference in factor being analysed.Standardized comparisonI.e. difference incidence rate of stroke in women who smoke and women who never smoke.ATTRIBUTABLE FRACTIONEtiological fractionThe proportion of all cases that can be attributed to a particular exposureDividing the risk difference by the incidence among the exposed population.

POPULATION ATTRIBUTABLE RISKThe incidence of disease in population that is associated with an exposure to risk factor

RELATIVE COMPARISON Relative risk, risk ratio (RR).Odd ratio

RELATIVE RISK The ratio of the risk of occurrence of a disease among exposed group to the unexposed group.

ODD RATIO

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