DISCIPLINE

Nutrition

Psychology

Biology

Ag Econ

Food Science

Animal Science

Nursing

Health Kinesiology

APPROACH

Genetic

Molecular

Cellular

Organ

System

Organism

Behavior

Policy

DETERMINANTS

Culture

Cognitive

Sensory

Physical

Endocrine

Metabolic

Neural

Thermogenic

Ingestive Behavior Research Center

INGESTIVE

BEHAVIOR

Current IBRC Research Foci

• Metabolic and Neurohormonal Controls of Feeding Behavior

• Lifespan Influences on the Regulation of Ingestion and Body Weight

• The Nature and Function of Gastrointestinal Stimuli

• The Role of Experience, Cognition, and Sensory Stimuli in Disorders of Intake Regulation

Study

Almost Never/ less than once

per month1-3 times per

month 1 time per week2-4 times per

weekgreater than 5 times per week

Hu, et. al, 1998 (Nurses Health Study)

24.8 24.3 NR 23.8 23.4

Ellsworth, et. al., 2001 (Iowa Women's Study)

27.1 26.9 26.7 26.4 26.2

Albert, et. al., 2002 (Physicians Health Study)

24.9 24.9 25.0 NR 24.7*

Jiang et. al., 2002(Nurses Health Study)

24.7 24.3 NR 24.0 23.4

USDA, 2000(CSFII)

Young (6-20yr)

21.2 19.6 NR NR NR

Adults (≥ 21 yr)

26.1 25.6 NR NR NR

Data reflects the combination of the 2 most frequent categories of nut consumption NR, not reported

Factors Contributing to LessThan Predicted Weight Gain

• Strong Appetitive Control

• Elevated Energy Expenditure

• Energy Loss

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

Cha

nge

Of

Hun

ger

Rat

ings

Fro

m B

asel

ine

0 min.

60 min.

120 min.

180 min.

PeanutsPeanut Butter

AlmondsChestnuts

ChocolateRice Cakes

PicklesNo Load

United States

Ghana

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

Ch

an

ge O

f H

un

ger

Rati

ng

s Fr

om

Base

lin

e

PeanutsPeanut Butter

AlmondsChestnuts

ChocolateRice Cakes

PicklesNo Load

Protocol

Energy Intake

Week 4, 8, 17, 21

Compliance

Week 1, 10, 14, 23

Hollis J & Mattes R. Br J Nutr 2007;98:651-656.

Hoad CL et al., J. Nutr 2004;134:2293-2300

Neuroendocrine Factors inFeeding Regulation

• Leptin• Insulin• Amylin• NPY• CRH• UCN• UCNII• Galanin• Neurotensin• CART• Oxytocin• Alpha-MSH

• CCK• Corticosterone• Serotonin• Dopamine• MCH• Orexins• Ghrelin• GLP-1• GLP-2• AgRP• Beacon• Cannabinoids

• TNF-alpha• Beta-Endorphin• Dynorphin• BDNF• PYY• IL-6• IL-1• IL-1RA• Norepinephrine• Amino Acids• PRL-RL• GAL-LP

Factors Contributing to LessThan Predicted Weight Gain

• Strong Appetitive Control

• Elevated Energy Expenditure

• Energy Loss

Protocol

Week 1, 8, 14, 21

Energy Expenditure

RMR & TEF TEEPA

Week 4, 8,14, 21

(3 Days)

Week 8, 21

Hollis J & Mattes R. Br J Nutr 2007;98:651-656.

Factors Contributing to LessThan Predicted Weight Gain

• Strong Appetitive Control

• Elevated Energy Expenditure

• Energy Loss

Ellis et al., AJCN 2004;80:604.

Executive Committee:Director:

Terry Davidson (Psychological Sciences) Associate Director:

Richard Mattes (Foods and Nutrition)

Members: • Wayne Campbell (Foods and Nutrition)• Susan Chen (Agricultural Economics)• Shawn Donkin (Animal Sciences) • Edward Fox, (Psychological Sciences)• Terry Powley (Psychological Sciences) • Susan Swithers (Psychological Sciences)