Digital Divide in Russia

Alexey Soldatov,

RRC “Kurchatov Institute”

Overall

US-Russia

Traffic

Growth

Gigabytes

Per

Month

1999-091999-101999-111999-122000-012000-022000-032000-042000-052000-062000-072000-082000-092000-102000-112000-122001-012001-022001-032001-042001-052001-062001-072001-082001-092001-102001-112001-122002-012002-022002-032002-042002-052002-062002-072002-082002-092002-102002-112002-122003-012003-022003-032003-042003-052003-062003-072003-082003-092003-102003-112003-12

Russia to US0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

Gig

ab

yte

s

Month

Direction

Russia to US US to Russia

Network

Growth

After

December

2001,

Moscow

19

99

-09

19

99

-10

19

99

-11

19

99

-12

20

00

-01

20

00

-02

20

00

-03

20

00

-04

20

00

-05

20

00

-06

20

00

-07

20

00

-08

20

00

-09

20

00

-10

20

00

-11

20

00

-12

20

01

-01

20

01

-02

20

01

-03

20

01

-04

20

01

-05

20

01

-06

20

01

-07

20

01

-08

20

01

-09

20

01

-10

20

01

-11

20

01

-12

20

02

-01

20

02

-02

20

02

-03

20

02

-04

20

02

-05

20

02

-06

20

02

-09

20

02

-10

20

02

-11

20

02

-12

20

03

-01

20

03

-02

20

03

-03

20

03

-04

20

03

-05

20

03

-06

20

03

-07

20

03

-08

20

03

-09

20

03

-10

20

03

-11

20

03

-12

20

04

-01

Moscow

-

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

1,400,000

1,600,000

1,800,000

Meg

ab

ytes T

ran

sfe

rred

Month

City

Moscow Use of NaukaNet Since 1999

Moscow

December 2001: Kurchatov Institute/RIPN becomes primary network operator and opens new 45 Mbps network to S&E users across Russia – including many new institutions in MoscowDecember 2001: Kurchatov Institute/RIPN becomes primary network operator and opens new 45 Mbps network to S&E users across Russia – including many new institutions in Moscow

Users

of

Advanced

Network

Services

Unique IP Addresses using NaukaNet

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

1999-091999-101999-111999-122000-012000-022000-032000-042000-052000-062000-072000-082000-092000-102000-112000-122001-012001-022001-032001-042001-052001-062001-072001-082001-092001-102001-122002-012002-022002-032002-042002-052002-092002-102002-112002-122003-012003-022003-032003-042003-052003-072003-082003-092003-102003-112003-12

Month

Nu

mb

er

of

IP A

dd

resses

Russia

USA

Europe

Asia

Note: Drop in European IPs in summer, 2003 due to network improvements in Europepermitting direct exchange of European-Russia traffic in Europe. Note: Drop in European IPs in summer, 2003 due to network improvements in Europepermitting direct exchange of European-Russia traffic in Europe.

High

Energy

Physics

Applications

Note: During some months, 40% of all traffic from Russia across the high speed network is from Russian High Energy Physics community. Note: During some months, 40% of all traffic from Russia across the high speed network is from Russian High Energy Physics community.

1999-091999-10

1999-111999-12

2000-012000-02

2000-032000-04

2000-052000-06

2000-072000-08

2000-092000-10

2000-112000-12

2001-012001-02

2001-032001-04

2001-052001-06

2001-072001-08

2001-092001-10

2001-122002-01

2002-022002-03

2002-042002-05

2002-062002-07

2002-082002-09

2002-102002-11

2002-122003-01

2003-022003-03

HEP MegabytesAll Russia Megabytes

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

Megabytes

Month

HEP Source Traffic and Total Russia Source Traffic

• to develop computer communications in the interests of Research & Education (R&E);

• to coordinate IP networking in Russia;• to promote research studies in the field of computer

communications;• to support R&E organizations in getting access to the

Internet information resources via public networks.

Russian Institute for Public Network

Russian Institute for Public Networks (RIPN) has been founded by Russian Ministry of Science, Russian Ministry of Education and Russian Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute". The aims declared were the following:

RBNet general information

• About 50 points of presence around Russia• Backbone services for R&E networks: regional,

corporate, specialized …• Two-level architecture• Protocols supported:

- IP- Frame relay- ATM- IP MPLS

• VPN services• Support of regional Internet Exchanges

Universities

Research Centre

Supercomputer

R&D Networks:-Regional-Corporative-Specialized...

End Users:-Universities-Research Centers-Supercomputer Centers...

Universities

Research Centre

SupercomputerUniversities

Research Centre

Supercomputer

RBNet

General Scheme of R&D networking in Russia

RBNet links

(General scheme)

RBNet links (European part and Ural)

RBNet links(Siberia and Far East)

RBNet-2 links(Plan for 2004 year)

Moscow RBNet PoP

• Distributed architecture (3 PoPs)

• Transport system: Gigabit Ethernet and ATM

(155/622Mbps)

• Fiber optic network (about 200 km)

• 24*7 support by RIPN

• NOC location: Kurchatov Institute

Plan of development – 2004

• International links:– 622 Mbps Moscow-Stockholm (RBNet POP)

– 2x155 Mbps Stockholm-Chicago

(connection to Star TAP/ StarLight via FASTNet)

– 2x155 Mbps, connection to GEANT in Stockholm

• Domestic– 155 Mbps Novosibirsk-Moscow

– 90 Mbps Ekaterinburg-Moscow

– 45 Mbps Khabarovsk-Novosibirsk

– 45 Mbps Kazan-N.Novgorod-Moscow

StockholmRBNet POP

Cisco12000

Moscow

SPB

Cisco12000

Cisco7507

NMBBSMBB

MSU/RAS

SCCSPB-IX

R&D

SCCR&D

MSK-IX

nxE1

E3/T3

E3/T3

STM1

FEInternational

Backup

StarTAP/StarLightChicago

Cisco7507

Cisco7206

Cisco75077206

RBNet/FASTnetplan of development - 2003.

RegionalConnectivity

InternationalBackup

Cisco7507

IPv6

Multicast

R&Dpeering

TELIA

GEANT

Cisco75077206

Interconnection of Russian R&D Networks

RBNet

RegionalR&D Networks

RegionalR&D Networks

RegionalR&D Networks

RUNnet

FREEnet

MSUnet

JINR

RASnet

RUHEP

RSSI

MSK-IX

RELARN-IP

Note 10 Gbps

Connections to Poland,

Czech Republic, Hungary

Pan-European Multi-Gigabit Backbone (33 Countries)

January 2004

Planning Underway for “GEANT2” (GN2) Multi-Lambda Backbone, to Start In 2005

RUNNET

TRANSTELECOM

Moscow city map. Location of HEP centers are indicated, as well location of M9-Internet-Exchange Point M9-IX

GLOBAL RING NETWORK FOR ADVANCED APPLICATIONS

DEVELOPMENTRussia-China-USA Science & Education Network