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Page 1: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread
Page 2: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

• Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration

• Movement continues until equilibrium is reached– Equilibrium: molecules spread evenly

Page 3: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

Diffusion (contd)

• Passive transport: No energy (ATP) required to move molecules

• Which molecule will enter and which will exit this cell?– Oxygen will enter, CO2 will exit

Where is the higher oxygen concentration?

Where is the higher CARBON DIOXIDE concentration?

Page 4: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

The woman inhales a breath of oxygen

Page 5: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

The oxygen spreads into the womans lungs

Page 6: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

The oxygen fills the air sacs (alveoli) located in her lungs

Page 7: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

Where is the HIGH oxygen concentration?

Where is the LOW oxygen concentration?

Due to diffusion, the oxygen will spread from the area of high to the area of low concentration

Page 8: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread
Page 9: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

The heart pumps this oxygen-rich blood around your body

Page 10: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

Cell X needs oxygen just like all cells. But cell X is not in direct contact with the blood and oxygen. So how does cell X get oxygen?

Page 11: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

Where is the HIGH oxygen concentration?

Cell X (and all other cells) gets oxygen through the process of diffusion!

Page 12: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

The reverse process is true w/ carbon dioxide. Over time, CO2 waste builds up in cells. Too much is fatal. It must be removed.

Page 13: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

Where is the HIGH carbon dioxide concentration?

CO2 diffuses from the cells (high concentration) and into the blood stream (low concentration)

Page 14: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

The heart pumps the CO2 rich blood back to the lungs.

Page 15: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread
Page 16: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

Where is the HIGH carbon dioxide concentration?

CO2 diffuses into the air sacs (alveoli)

Page 17: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

The diaphragm

muscle pushes the CO2 out of the lungs

Page 18: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

CO2 is expelled from the woman…the process repeats with every breath!

Page 19: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

Osmosis• Defined: Diffusion

of water from a high to low concentration

• High H2O concentration– Less solutes

– Ex: Distilled water

Distilled water

Cell

Page 20: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

Osmosis• Defined: Diffusion

of water from a high to low concentration

• High H2O concentration– Less solutes

– Ex: Distilled water

• Low H2O concentration– More solutes

– Ex: Salt water

Cell

Salt water

Page 21: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

Group Explanation

A cell has been placed into a mystery solution and appears to have shrunken/shriveled.

1) What can you conclude about the water concentration inside the cells compared to outside?

2) What can you conclude about the solute concentration inside the cells compared to outside?

3) Which type of solution is the cell placed in?

4) Using your explanation of osmosis, explain why the cell appears to have shrunken.

Page 22: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

A cell has been placed into a mystery solution and appears to have shrunken.

1) What can you conclude about the water concentration inside the cells compared to outside?

This means there was a greater water concentration inside the cell and it lost water.

2) What can you conclude about the solute concentration inside the cells compared to outside?

Because the water concentration was high (see question 1), there must have been a low amount of solutes inside the cell.

3) Which type of solution is the cell placed in?

hypertonic

4) Using your explanation of osmosis, explain why the cell appears to have shrunken.

The cell shrunk because it lost water. There was a greater water concentration inside the cell so therefore water diffused out of the cell.

Page 23: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

Facilitated Diffusion

• Defined: Larger molecules enter/exit with the help of protein channels in the plasma membrane

• Q: Why are the molecules moving from left to right and not from right to left?

• A: Left side has the higher concentration

Page 24: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

Kobe Kuiz1) In which direction does diffusion occur?

2) Across which part of the cell does diffusion mostly occur?

3) Which molecule of energy is not required during passive transport?

4) True or False: More solutes creates less concentrated water.

5) Which chemical is involved in osmosis?

6) Examine the picture. If the dots are solutes, where is the high solute concentration?

7) Examine the picture. If the dots are water molecules, where is the low water concentration?

8) Examine the picture. If the dots are water molecules, which way will osmosis occur?

9) Examine the picture. If the dots are solute molecules, which way will osmosis occur?

Page 25: Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached –Equilibrium: molecules spread

Kobe Kuiz10) Place the steps of oxygen flow in the correct order from start to finish.

A – Oxygen diffuses into your cells

B – Your heart pumps oxygen-rich blood around your body

C – Oxygen moves into your lungs

D – Oxygen gas is inhaled

E – Oxygen diffuses from your lungs into your blood

11) Place the steps of CO2 flow in the correct order from start to finish.

A – Your heart pumps CO2-rich blood towards your lungs

B – CO2 waste is created by every cell

C – CO2 is pushed out of your lungs and out of your mouth

D – CO2 diffuses from your blood into your lungs

E – CO2 diffuses from your cells into your blood


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