C lam

CNG TY TNHH DEWBERRY VIT NAM----oOo----

N BO V MI TRNGCNG TY TNHH DEWBERRY VIT NAML K1, NG D9, KCN M PHC, HUYN BN CT TNH BNH DNG

CH C S

N V T VN

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CNG TY TNHH DEWBERRY VIT NAM

CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM c lp - T do - Hnh phc

S:

/ Bnh Dng, ngy thng nm 2011

V/v: ngh ph duyt n bo v mi trng ca c s Cng ty TNHH Dewberry VN.

Knh gi: - S Ti Nguyn v Mi Trng tnh Bnh Dng Chng ti l: CNG TY TNHH DEWBERRY VIT NAM - a im hot ng: ng N01, Cm SX An Thnh, Thun An, Bnh Dng - a ch lin h: L K1, ng D9, KCN M Phc, Bn Ct, Bnh Dng - in thoi: 0650. 3558085 Fax : 0650. 3558084

Xin gi Qu C quan nhng h s sau: - 07 (by) n bo v mi trng ca Cng ty TNHH Dewberry Vit Nam; - 01 (Mt) Bn sao giy chng nhn ng k kinh doanh; Chng ti xin bo m v trung thc ca cc s liu, ti liu trong cc vn bn nu trn v cam kt rng: Cng Ty TNHH Dewberry Vit Nam chng ti khng s dng cc loi ha cht, chng vi sinh b cm theo quy nh ca Vit Nam v theo quy nh ca cc cng c quc t m Vit Nam l thnh vin; cc tiu chun, quy chun, cc quy nh c trch lc v s dng trong cc h s nu trn ca chng ti l hon ton ng s thc v ang cn hiu lc p dng. Nu c g sai chng ti xin hon ton chu trch nhim trc php lut ca Nc Cng ha x hi ch ngha Vit Nam. ngh S Ti Nguyn v Mi Trng tnh Bnh Dng thm nh v ph duyt n bo v mi trng cho Cng Ty TNHH Dewberry Vit Nam chng ti. Ni nhn: - Nh trn; - Lu. CH C S

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CHNG 1 S LC V TNH HNH HOT NG CHNH CA CNG TY TNHH DEWBERRY VIT NAM1. 1. THNG TIN CHUNG 1.1.1. Tn c s CNG TY TNHH DEWBERRY VIT NAM 1.1.2. a im xy dng - a ch - i din - Chc v : ng N01, Cm SX An Thnh, Huyn Thun An, Tnh Bnh Dng Fax : 0650. 3558084 : Mr. PATRICE JERMANN : Gim c Ti Chnh - in thoi : 0650. 3558085

1.1.3. Ranh gii tip gip Cng Ty TNHH Dewberry Vit Nam nm trong Cm sn xut An Thnh, c ranh gii tip gip nh sau : - Pha Bc gip Khu Dn C - Pha Nam gip ng N01, Cm sn xut An Thnh - Pha ng gip Cng Ty Thp Nam Kim - Pha Ty gip Kho Ngoi Quan Bnh Dng 1.1.4. Loi hnh doanh nghip Doanh nghip hot ng theo hnh thc Cng ty TNHH Mt thnh vin tr ln Cng Ty TNHH Dewberry Vit Nam chnh thc i vo hot ng 12/2005 cho n nay. 1.2. QU TRNH V HIN TRNG HOT NG CA CNG TY 1.2.1. Loi hnh sn xut Ngnh ngh hot ng: Sn xut gia cng cc sn phm g Thi gian hot ng ca cng ty : 8 gi/ngy

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1.2.2. Quy m hot ng 1.2.2.1. Cng ngh sn xut Quy trnh cng ngh sn xut ca Cng ty c th hin trong hnh sau:Hng bn thnh phm

X l b mt

Tieng on Bui

Sn

Sn mu

Vernis

Kh thi Bui

Kim tra sn phm

Hang kem chat lng

ng gi sn phm

Chat thai ran

Nhp kho

Xut cho khch hng

Hnh 1.1: Quy trnh cng ngh sn xut ti Cng ty Thuyt minh quy trnh sn xut: Nguyn liu l hng g bn thnh phm c nhp v nh my s c lu tr kho cha ca nh my. Cc loi hng bn thnh phm ny c a qua cng on x l b mt l ch nhm lm trng b mt, sau qua cng on phun sn. Ty thuc vo yu cu ca khch hng m sn phm c th c phun sn, sn mu hoc nh 4

bng bng vernis. Sn phm to thnh c a qua kim tra c t yu cu k thut quy nh. Thnh phm c a vo ng gi, v nhp kho chun b cho xut xng. 1.2.2.2. Sn phm v cng sut sn phm Sn phm ca Cng ty ch yu l cc sn phm g gia dng nh gh, bn, ging, t Sn phm c cung cp cho nhu cu s dng trong nc v c xut khu sang nc ngoi. Cng sut sn phm c th hin qua Bng 1.1 sau: Bng 1.1: Danh mc sn phm v sn lng sn xut trong 1 nm STT Tn sn phm n v Sn lng/nm 01 Gh Tn 10,4 02 Bn Tn 32,76 03 Khc (ging, t, trang tr ni tht, k, ) Tn 453,6 TNG CNG Tn 496,76 (Ngun: Cng ty TNHH DEWBERRY VIT NAM - 2010) 1.2.2.3. Danh mc my mc, thit b Cc my mc thit b trong dy chuyn sn xut ca Cng ty khi a vo s dng l cc my mi hon ton ch yu nhp khu t i Loan v ton b thit b c thit k v sn xut vo nm 2005 2007. Danh mc my mc, thit b ca Cng ty c th hin qua Bng 1.2 Bng 1.2: Danh sch cc thit b, my mc phuc vu sn xut STT 1 2 3 4 Tn thit b, my mc My hi My ch nhm Sng phun sn Bung sn n v tnh Ci Ci Ci H thng Nc SX i Loan i Loan i Loan Vit Nam S lng 6 65 39 12

(Ngun: Cng ty TNHH DEWBERRY VIT NAM - 2010)

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1.2.2.4. Nhu cu nguyn nhin liu v nng lng Nhu cu nguyn, nhin liu v nng lng cho nm sn xut n nh c th hin qua Bng 1.3 Bng 1.3: Nhu cu nguyn, nhin liu s dng trong sn xut A. STT 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 NGUYN LIU, HA CHT Tn nguyn liu, ha cht G bn thnh phm Sn Vernis Keo 502 Dung mi 803 Vn MDF inh, c, vt Dung mi dng chng mc (DM 009) Du nh bng (xi vng) Bng keo giy Giy ch nhm Ng kim tay nm TNG CNG B. NHIN LIU 01 Xng dng pha sn TNG CNG n v Tn Tn Tn Tn Tn Tn Tn Tn Tn Tn Tn Tn Tn Tn Tn S lng/nm 500 10 0.24 0.12 9.612 0.6 0.36 0.08 0.6 0.24 0.36 0.16 522.372 2.32 2.32

(Ngun: Cng ty TNHH DEWBERRY VIT NAM - 2010) 1.2.3. Nhu cu s dng nc Ngun nc s dng cho Cng Ty TNHH Dewberry Vit Nam c ly t h thng nc do X nghip cp thot nc tnh Bnh Dng cung cp. Ngun nc ny ch yu c phc v-

Ngun nc ging khoan phc v cho gic v v sinh khch sn (20m3/ngy.m).

Nu tnh theo tiu chun th nhu cu mi cn b cng nhn vin dung nc cho sinh hot 150lt/ngy v khch ngh li ti khch sn th 120lt/ngi. Nh vy lu lng nc c s dng ti khch sn Thin nh sau: - Khch ngh li ti khch sn vo ma cao im l 228 ngi/ngy th lng nc tiu th hng ngy l 27m3/ngy.m.

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- Cn b cng nhn vin phc v ti khch sn l 72 ngi th lng nc tiu th hng ngy l 11m3/ngy.m. Nh vy, tng lng nc tiu th cho ton khch sn Thi Bnh Dng l 38m3/ngy.m. 1.2.4. Nhu cu in Ngun in s dng cho khch sn Thin c ly t ngun cung cp in lc thnh ph. Ngun in c ly t in 3 pha, t s qua trm bin p (ch doanh nghip u t) phc v cho khch sn. Ngoi ra, Ch doanh nghip cn u t thm my pht in d phng (cng sut 400KVA), trnh trng hp khi mt in. 1.2.5. Nguyn, vt liu dung cho khch sn Mt s nguyn vt liu chnh dng cho khch sn Thin phc v khch nh sau : -

Hi sn ti sng (tm, c, mc, cua), ngun cung cp cho khch sn yu t cc i l tnh cung cp. Hi sn ng lnh (mc kh, sc xch, kh b,) Rau qu v cc mt hng gia v, Cc loi bia v nc ung,

1.2.6. Nhin liu dng cho khch sn Nhin liu dng cho khch sn nh sau: - Du DO phc v cho my pht in d phng, bnh qun mi thng s dng cho nhu cu l 30lt/thng (nhng ngy mt in). Gas phc v cho nhu cu nu n ca khch sn Ha cht s dng cho h bi l Clorin phc v cho qu trnh kh trng.

2.7. Nhu cu nhn cng Tng s lng cn b cng nhn vin phc v v iu hnh ti khch sn Thin l 72 ngi. Cn b iu hnh v qun l khch sn l 10 ngi Nhn vin phc v khch sn 62 ngi. 7

Hu ht cn b cng nhn vin lm vic ti khch sn iu c hng nhng nhu cu x hi m nh nc quy nh.

CHNG 2. THNG K, NH GI CC NGUN THI CHNH PHT SINH T HOT NG KHCH SN NG PHNG II 2.1. Thng k cc ngun thi chnh 2.1.1.Cc ngun gy tc ng lin quan ti cht thi (a)Cc ngun gy tc ng lm nhim khng kh c lit k ti bng 2.1. Bng 2.1: Ngun pht sinh kh thi STT Hang muc cng trnh 1 Khu vc t my pht in 2 Khu tp trung cht thi rn 3 Nh n, nh hng 4 Khu vc xe 5 Khu vc b t hoi Ngun gy nhim Kh thi my pht in, ting n Mi hi do phn hu rc thi Bi, mi hi do thc n d tha Bi, hi xng, du r r Cc kh NH3, H2S, CH4 ...

- Kh thi do hot ng ca my pht in: Trong qu trnh hot ng, khch sn s dng in li, tuy nhin vn c s dng my pht in d phng trong trng hp mt in li. Khi my pht in hot ng, s pht sinh cc kh thi: bi, SOx, NOx, CO, HC,c kh nng l gim cht lng mi trng ti khu vc khi cc thng s trn vt qu tiu chun cho php. - Kh thi t cc hot ng khc: Trong qu trnh hot ng ca khch sn, c kh nng r r kh t h thng iu ha nhit , gas ca khu vc nh bp cng nh cc kh t nhin c hnh thnh t hot ng x l nc thi, thu gom v x l rc thi...s pht sinh cc kh nh NH3, H2S, CH4 ...c kh nng gy nhim khng kh ti khu vc khch sn. Cc hot ng vn chuyn nguyn vt liu cung cp cho khu vc nh hng, vn chuyn khch du lch... ca cc phng tin giao thng cng lm pht sinh kh thi: bi, SOx, NOx, HC... c kh nng gy nhim khng kh. (b). Ngun pht sinh nc thi Ngun pht sinh nc thi c lit k ti bng 2.2. Bng 2.2: Ngun pht sinh nc thi STT 1 2 Hang muc cng trnh Loai nc thai Khch sn, nh hng, khu vc nhn Nc thai sinh hoat vin Sn, ng, mai nha, cac khu vc l Nc ma chay tran8

thin

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- Nc thi sinh hot Nc thi sinh hot pht sinh t khu vc v sinh cac phong ngu, nha hang...Trong nc thai sinh hoat c cc thnh phn cn b, cc cht hu c, cht dinh dng v vi sinh gy bnh s lm nhim mi trng nu khng c x l. gim thiu nhim t nc thi sinh hot, chng ti xy dng h thng b t hoai x l nc thi t nh v sinh v thu cc n v ht hm v sinh ht nh k. - Nc ma chy trn Nc ma chy trn (nht l thi im u cn ma) trn mt bng cua khach san se cun theo nhiu thanh phn nhim khc nhau bao gm: cat, soi, t ... se lam gia tng nhim, h hai h thng cng chung (tc nghen) nu khng c x l s b. gii quyt vn ny, ton b nc ma u c thu gom qua h ga lng, lc t, ct trc khi chy vo h thng cng thot nc ma trn ng Trn Ph. (c). Ngun pht sinh cht thi rn Cht thi rn pht sinh ti khach san ch yu l rac sinh hot, bn thi t cc hm t hoi (xem Bng 2.3). Bng 2.3: Ngun gc pht sinh cht thi rn ca khch sn STT Hang muc cng trinh Ngun gc nhim cht thai rn 1 Khu vc khch sn, nh hng, dch v Rc thi sinh hot 2 My pht in Gi lau dnh du m 3 Hm t hoi Bn thi Tt c cht thi rn s c thu gom, phn loi v a v khu tp trung rc thi ca khch sn, sau hp ng vi n v c chc nng vn chuyn v khu x l cht thi rn ca thnh ph Nha Trang. 2.1.2 Cc ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan ti cht thi v d bo cc ri ro v s c mi trng Cc ngun gy tc ng mi trng khng lin quan n cht thi trong giai on hot ng cng nh nhng ri ro v s c mi trng c th xy ra trong hot ng ca khach san c trnh by trong Bng 2.4. Bng 2.4: Cc ngun gy tc ng mi trng khng lin quan n cht thi do hot ng ca Khach san STT Ngun gy tac ng 1 R r nhin liu v chy n ti khu vc cha nguyn nhin liu. 2 S c chy n do chp in.

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2.2. nh gi tc ng mi trng 2.2.1. Tc ng n mi trng khng kh V tng th, hot ng khch sn s t gy tc ng nhiu n mi trng khng kh ca khu vc. Cc nhn t gy nhim khng kh c xem xt y l: - nhim do kh thi, ting n t phng tin vn ti. - nhim khng kh t kh thi my pht in (khi bi ct in li). - nhim do nhit d ca h thng iu ho khng kh (a). nhim do kh thi giao thng vn ti D kin lng khch trong nhng ngy cao im l 170 ngi. Nh vy, d bo s lt xe khch ra vo khu vc khch sn hng ngy khong 7 lt xe ra vo/ngy (xe but 25 ch ngi). Tnh ton ti lng cc cht gy nhim khng kh sinh ra t hot ng vn chuyn du khch (xe buyt) trn khu vc khch sn c nu trong Bng 2.5 di y. Bng 2.5. Ti lng cc cht gy nhim khng kh trong kh thi xe khch 25 ch Tng tai lng STT Cht nhim H s nhim (kg/1000 km) (kg/ngy) 1 Bi 0,9 0,063 2 SO2 4,1S 0,0143 3 NOx 14,4 1,008 4 CO 2,9 0,203 5 THC 0,8 0,056 Ngun:Rapid Assessment WHO Ghi ch: S: hm lng lu hunh trong du DO l 0,05%. Qung ng xe chy l 10 km. S lt xe ra vo l 7 lt/ngy. (b). Ting n do phng tin giao thng vn ti Mc n cc i ca cc loi xe c gii c tng hp theo cc ti liu k thut v trnh by nh trong Bng 2.6. di y. STT 1 2 Bng 2.6. Mc n ca cc loi xe c gii. Loai xe Mc n (dBA) Xe du lch 77 Xe mini bus 84

n ca cc loi xe c gii trong bng trn u cao hn tiu chun n cho php ti khu dn c, khch sn, nh ngh, c quan hnh chnh c qui nh ti11

TCVN 5949 1998. Tuy nhin, tc ng do ting n pht sinh t hot ng chuyn ch khch du lch l ch c tnh cht gin on nn khng ng k. (c). nhim do nhit d ca h thng iu ho khng kh Vic s dng cc my iu ha nhit s c nhng tc ng nht nh n mi trng khng kh. C th nh sau: - Lm nh hng xu ti cnh quan mi trng th do mt ngoi ca cng trnh kin trc c lp t cc dn nng ca my iu ho vi nhiu dng, kiu khc nhau. - Nhit d t dn nng my iu ho thi vo mi trng s lm cho nhit mi trng khng kh tng cao gy nhim nhit. - Cc loi my iu ho c kh nng r r mi cht lm lnh s gy nhim kh quyn v tc ng tiu cc ti tng zn. (d). Mc nhim do kh thi my pht in Khi ngun in chnh (li in quc gia) c s c, Khch sn c s dng 01(mt) my pht in Diesel c cng sut l 250 KVA, phng trong nhng trng hp mt in t li in thnh ph. nh mc tiu hao nng nhin liu l 15kg du DO/h/my (tnh cho 1 my hot ng lin tc l 15 kg/h). My pht in s dng nhin liu l du DO (hm lng S=0,05%). Da trn cc h s ti lng ca T chc Y t Th gii (WHO) c th c tnh tng ti lng cc cht gy nhim (xem bng 2.7). Bng 2.7. Ti lng cc cht gy nhim kh t kh thi my pht in Cht nhim H s Ti lng kg/tn g/s kg/h Bi 0,71 0,01 0.003 SO2 20S 0,015 0.004 NOx 9,62 0,14 0.04 CO 2,19 0,03 0.008 HC 0,791 0,01 0.003 Ghi ch: Tnh cho trng hp hm lng lu hunh trong du DO l 0,05 %. Thng thng qu trnh t nhin liu, lng kh d l 30%. Khi nhit kh thi l 2000C th lng kh thi t chy 1kg du DO l 38 m 3. Lu lng khi thai la 570 m3/gi hay 0,16 m3/s (inh mc tiu thu: 15 kg du DO/gi). Da vo lu lng kh thi v ti lng nhim cua may phat in, c th tnh nng ca kh thi mi my pht in theo bng 2.8.

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Bng 2.8. Nng cc cht gy nhim trong kh thi my pht in Nng Nng TCVN 5939 2005 Cht iu kin thc iu kin chun Ct A nhim 3 3 (mg/m ) (mg/Nm ) (mg/Nm3) Bi 18.75 32.4375 320 SO2 25 43.25 1200 NOx 250 432.5 800 CO 50 86.5 800 HC 18.75 32.4375 Ghi ch: - Nm3 - Th tch kh quy v iu kin tiu chun - TCVN 5939-2005, Ct : Tiu chun kh thi cng nghip i vi bi v cc cht v c - Ct A. - H s lu lng ngun thi Kp= 1 - Gi tr h s Kv= 0,8 ng vi khu vc thnh ph. So snh nng cc cht gy nhim trong kh thi my pht in vi tiu chun TCVN 5939 - 2005 (Ct A, h s Kp=1 & Kv=0,8) cho thy cc cht gy nhim trong kh thi my pht in u co nng nm trong mc cho phep cua Tiu chun. (e). nhim khc Cac dang nhim khng khi khac bao gm: - Mui thc n t hot ng ch bin ti khu vc nh hng - nhim kh pht sinh t h thng iu ha Thc t la mc nhim do cac ngun trn khng ang k, t gy anh hng n khng kh khu vc khach san va khu vc dn c ln cn nu c cc bin php k thut v qun l tt. Chng ti vn s p dng cc bin php gim thiu nh: phn loi tai ngun, inh ky v sinh, s dng cc thng cha rc y kn; kim tra thng xuyn cc h thng iu ha, my lnh khng gy r r mi cht lnh Vic chm soc cy xanh ti khu vc s c lc phi s dung cc ha cht bo v thc vt. Nu khng c cc bin php qun l v s dng ph hp th ha cht bo v thc vt s gy ra nhng tc ng co hai nht nh n mi trng v sc kho ca cng nhn trc tip chm sc xanh v gim cht lng mi trng khng kh ti khu vc khch sn. (g). Tc ng co hai ca cc cht gy nhim khng kh Tc ng ca cc cht gy nhim khng kh c th hin qua bng 2.9.

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Bng 2.9. Tc ng ca cc cht gy nhim khng kh STT Thng s Tc ng - Kch thch h hp, x ha phi, ung th phi 1 Bi - Gy tn thng da, gic mc mt, bnh ng tiu ha - Gy nh hng h h hp, phn tn vo mu. - SO2 c th nhim c qua da, lm gim d tr kim trong mu. Kh axt (SOx, - To ma axt nh hng xu ti s pht trin 2 NOx). thm thc vt v cy trng. - Tng cng qu trnh n mn kim loi, ph hy vt liu b tng v cc cng trnh nh ca. - nh hng xu n kh hu, h sinh thi. - Gim kh nng vn chuyn xy ca mu n Oxyt cacbon 3 cc t chc, t bo do CO kt hp vi (CO) Hemoglobin thnh cacboxyhemoglobin. - Gy ri lon h hp phi. Kh cacbonic 4 - Gy hiu ng nh knh. (CO2) - Tc hi n h sinh thi. Hydrocarbon Gy nhim c cp tnh: suy nhc, chng mt, 5 (HC) nhc u, ri lon gic quan c khi gy t vong. - Gy ri lon h hp Ha cht bo - Kch thch mnh ln mi, ming 6 v thc vt - Tip xc lu vi nng cao nguy him n tnh mng nh gi hin trng cht lng mi trng khng kh ti khch sn, Chng ti thu Vin Pasteur Nha Trang ly 01 mu khng kh ti khu vc bi xe khch sn v phn tch. Kt qu phn tch cht lng khng kh c trnh by trong bng 2.10. Bng 2.10. Kt qu phn tch mu khng kh ti bi xe. Nng cht gy nhim (mg/m3) V tr n ly Bi l (dBA) SO2 NO2 HC mu lng K1 60,3 0,182 0,29 0,18 Vt (*) (**) (**) (**) TCVN 60 0,3 0,35 0,2 5,0(***) Ghi ch: - (*) TCVN 5949 - 1998: m hc- Ting n khu vc cng cng v dn c- mc n ti a cho php. - (**) TCVN 5937-2005: Cht lng khng kh - Tiu chun14

cht lng khng kh bao quanh. - (***) TCVN 5938-2005: Cht lng khng kh - nng ti a cho php ca mt s cht c hi trong khng kh xung quanh. V tr ly mu: - K1: ti khu vc bi xe - ngy 9/02/2009 Nhn xt: So snh kt qu phn tch vi cc Tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam TCVN 5937-2005, TCVN 5949-1998 cho thy: n ti khu vc vt gii hn tiu chun cho php khng nhiu. Kt qu trn l do nh hng ca cc phng tin giao thng gn khu vc. Cc thng s Bi, SO2 v NO2 ti cc mu phn tch u nm trong gi tr gii hn cho php. T kt qu phn tch mu khng kh ti khu vc cho thy cht lng khng kh ti Khch sn ng Phng II tng i tt. Hu ht cc thng s u nm trong gi tr gii hn cho php. 2.2.2. Tc ng n mi trng nc Hoat ng cua khch sn pht sinh nc thai sinh hoat la mt trong nhng ngun gy nhim cn c quan tm, quan ly cao nht. Trong nc thi sinh hot c nhiu cht hu c, cht l lng cng nh cc vi khun gy bnh. Thnh phn c trng ca nc thi sinh hot c nu trong bng 2.11 Bng 2.11. Thnh phn c trng ca nc thi sinh hot Nng Cht nhim n vi Thp Trung Cao binh Cht rn tng cng mg/l 350 720 1200 Ha tan (TDS) mg/l 250 500 850 L lng (SS) mg/l 100 220 350 Cht rn lng c mg/l 5 10 20 BOD5 mg/l 110 220 400 Tng cng carbon hu c mg/l 80 160 290 COD mg/l 250 500 1000 Nit tng (N) mg/l 20 40 85 Hu c 8 15 35 Amoni t do 12 25 50 Nitrt Nitrt Tng Coliform MPN/100ml 106-107 107-108 107-109 Ngun: Wastewater Enginnering Treatment, Diposal, Reuse, Mc GRAW HILL15

International Edition. Third Edition, 1991 (a). Tc ng do nc thi sinh hot Khch sn ng Phng gm 9 tng dch v, gm 85 phng ngh vi tiu chun hng thng. Nhu cu nc cp dnh cho cc hot ng ca khch sn nh trong bng 1.4 (bng tnh nhu cu nc s dng hng ngy ca khch sn), theo cc nhu cu dng nc pht sinh nc thi l: khu khch sn; nhu cu s dng nc ca nhn vin; khu vc kinh doanh, dch v; khu nh hng. Tng lng nc cc khu ny l: 36 m3/ngy. Tng lng nc thi sinh hot cn x l (80 % nc cp): 29 m3/ngy m. Tng tai lng cht nhim trong nc thai sinh hoat hang ngay cua khach san c c tinh nh sau: Khch sn hot ng ht cng sut l 180 ngi (170 khch lu tr v 10 nhn vin) Bng 2.12. Tng ti lng cc cht gy nhim trong nc thi sinh hot Ti lng cht gy Khi lng STT Cht gy nhim nhim (g/ngi/ngy) (kg/ngy) 1 BOD5 45 54 8,1 9,72 2 SS 70 145 12,6 26,1 Du m (thc 3 10 30 1,8 5,4 phm) 4 Tng Nit 6 12 1,1 2,2 5 Tng Phospho 0,8 4,0 0,1 0,5 Ngun: S. J. Arceivala, 1985 Nc thai sinh hoat cua toan b khach san c thu gom v b t hoai (02 b co dung tich 9 m3). Kt qua khao sat chung (i vi nhiu b t hoai) cho thy, hiu qua x ly cua b t hoai khng cao, nng cac cht nhim con vt mc cho phep cua QCVN kha nhiu ln, cu th nh Bang 2.13. nh sau: Bng 2.13: Nng cc cht gy nhim trong nc thi sinh hot Nng cc cht gy nhim (mg/l) Cht gy STT Khng C h thng QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT nhim x l b t hoi CMax=CxK(Ct A, K= 1) 1 BOD5 279 335 69,7 83,7 30 2 SS 434 900 108,5 225 500 3 Du m 62 186 15,5 46,5 10 4 Tng Nit 37,9 75,8 9,5 19 15* 5 Tng Phospho 3,4 17,2 0,9 4,3 4* Ghi ch:16

- QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT: Cht lng nc - Nc thi sinh hot - Gii hn cho php. - (*)Tiu chunVit Nam TCVN 5945-2005 - Gi tr gii hn cc thng s v nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi cng nghip. So snh nng cc cht nhim chnh trong nc thi sinh hot qua x l bng b t hoi vi QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT (Ct A, K= 1) cho thy: Cc ch tiu nhim BOD5 , du m u vt gii hn cho php; hm lng SS nm trong gii hn cho php. Cc ch tiu Tng Nit, Tng Phospho so vi TCVN 5945-2005 u vt gii hn cho php Nc thi sinh hot khi x l bng b t hoi cha t Quy chun Vit Nam cn c x l tip trc khi x ra ngun tip nhn cng thot nc thnh ph. (b). Tc ng do nc ma chy trn Khi tri ma, lng nc ma chay tran tai khu vc din tch trng ca khch sn cng trng (din tich 1.144 m2) se at khoang 34,32 m3 (i vi cn ma 30 mm). Trong 10 phut u tin, nc ma chay tran cun theo rc thi, t, ct, cn du m trn mt bng khu vc khach san v chy vo cc h ga thu nc ma v chy vo cng thoat nc ma ca thnh ph trn ng Trn Hng o. c tnh nng trung bnh cc cht gy nhim trong nc ma chy trn nh sau: tng Nit: 0,5 - 1,5 mg/l; Phospho: 0,004 - 0,03 mg/l; COD: 10 - 20 mg/l; SS: 10 - 20 mg/l. So vi cc ngun thi khc, th nc ma chy trn c nh gi l kh sch. V vy, chng ti thu gom nc ma chy trn vo h thng thot nc ma ring v qua song chn rc, lng lc ti h ga trc khi thot ra h thng cng thot nc ma ca Thnh ph. (c). Tc ng ca cc cht gy nhim trong nc thi Tc ng ca cc thanh phn gy nhim trong nc thi sinh hoat c th hin trong Bng 2.14. Bng 2.14.Tc ng ca cc cht gy nhim trong nc thi STT Thng s Tc ng - nh hng n cht lng nc, nng xy ha tan trong nc (DO) 1 Nhit - nh hng tc v dng phn hy cc hp cht hu c trong nc Cc cht hu - Gim nng xy Ha tan trong nc 2 c - nh hng n ti nguyn thy sinh Cht rn l nh hng n cht lng nc, ti nguyn thy 3 lng sinh Cc cht dinh Gy hin tng ph dng, nh hng ti cht 4 dng (N,P) lng nc, s sng thy sinh.17

STT

Thng s

5

Cc vi khun

Tc ng Nc c ln vi khun gy bnh l nguyn nhn ca cc dch bnh thng hn, ph thng hn, l, t. Coliform l nhm vi khun gy bnh ng rut E.Coli (Escherichia Coli) l vi khun thuc nhm Coliform, ch th nhim do phn ngi.

2.2.3. Tc ng do cht thi rn (a). nh gi mc nhim ca cht thi rn - Cht thi rn sinh hot: Tng khi lng cht thi rn sinh hot phat sinh ra trong nhng ngy cao im ti khch sn ng ng Phng vo khong 200 kg/ng.m. Lng cht thi rn nay s c thu gom v phn loi ti cc phng ngh, khu dch vsau s c a v v tr tp trung cht thi rn ca khch sn v c Cng ty Mi trng th Nha Trang thu gom hng ngy v vn chuyn v bai rac cua thanh ph x l. - i vi cht thi rn t hot ng chm sc cy xanh nh l cy, cnh cy co s lng it, mc nh hng khng nhiu v s c thu gom v x l chung vi rc thi sinh hot; - Cht thai rn nguy hi (nhim du) nh gie lau dnh du, lon ng du nht, bng n v, acqui, pin... t khu vc may phat in, khu ky thut, khu xe ... co s lng it, se c chng ti thu gom theo qui nh cht thi nguy hi v hp ng vi n v c chc nng x ly theo qui nh. - Cht thai rn la bun thai t h thng x ly nc thai tp trung, b t hoai hp ng vi Cng ty Mi trng th Nha Trang inh ky thu gom v x l. (b). Tc hi ca nhim cht thi rn - Cc thnh phn hu c d phn hu ca rc sinh hot khi thi vo mi trng m khng qua x l thch hp s gy ra nhiu tc hi cho mi trng sng. Qu trnh phn hy rc hu c s pht sinh ra cc cht kh gy mi hi, tc ng n cht lng khng kh khu vc xung quanh, nh hng n cuc sng v cc hot ng kinh t khc trong vng. - Cc thnh phn tr trong rc sinh hot gm giy cc loi, nylon, nha, kim loi, thy tinh, v.vgy mt m quan. - Cc thnh phn nguy hi trong rc thi sinh hot: nh pin, acquy, du m thi, gi dnh du v.vkhi thi vo mi trng s gy nhim ngun nc, t, gy tc hi cho sc khe con ngi v nh hng ti cc h sinh thi. 2.2.4. Tc ng do ting n, rung Ting n v rung cao hn tiu chun s gy nh hng n sc khe nh gy mt ng, mt mi, gy tm l kh chu cho khch du lch v nhn vin lm vic ti khch sn. Tip xc vi ting n c cng cao trong thi gian di s lm thnh lc gim st, dn ti bnh ic. Theo TCVN 5949:1998: m hc 18

Ting n khu vc cng cng v dn c. Mc n ti a cho php, ti bng 1: Gii hn ti a cho php ting n khu vc cng cng v dn c (theo mc m tng ng) th ti dng 2. ca bng ny th gii hn cho php ting n khu dn c, khch sn, nh ngh, c quan hnh chnh th trong khong thi gian t t 6h n 18h l 60 dBA; t 18h n 22h l 55 dBA; t 22h n 6h sng hm sau l 50 dBA. Ting n, rung gy ra do cc phng tin giao thng vn ti, my pht indo hot ng ca ca khch sn s gy gy ra nhng nh hng nht nh n sinh hot ca khch v cng ng dn c xung quanh. Cc loi xe khc nhau s pht sinh mc n khc nhau. V d xe du lch nh c mc n 77 dBA, xe ti - xe khch: 84 - 95dBA, xe m t: 94 dBA v.v Mc n ca cc loi xe c gii c nu trong bng 2.15. Bng 2.15. Mc n ca cc loi xe c gii Loai xe Xe du lch Xe mini bus Xe th thao Xe vn ti Xe m t 4 th Xe m t 2 th Ting n (dBA) 77 84 91 93 94 80 -100

2.2.5. S c, ri ro v tai bin mi trng (a). Ri ro chy n Cc nguyn nhn dn n chy n bao gm: - R r nhin liu (xng du, hi gaz) ti cc khu cha nhin liu, my pht in d phng, khu xe, bp. - Vt tn thuc ca khch du lch, nhn vin vo khu vc d chy; - S c v cc thit b in: dy trn, dy in, ng c, qut, my lnh b qu ti trong qu trnh vn hnh, pht sinh nhit v dn n chy; Nhng thit hai do chay n (nu xay ra) la rt ln va nguy him. Bn canh o, khi c, bui tro s gy nh hng co hai n mi trng. Tuy nhin, kh nng xy ra s c ti khu vc khch sn l rt thp do h s an toan chng chay n cua toa nha rt cao kt hp vi s trang b cc trang thit b v thc cnh gic v PCCC ca i ngu nhn vin, ky thut cua khch sn. 2.2.6. Cc tc ng tiu cc n kinh t x hi khu vc Hoat ng cua khch sn t gy ra cc tac ng tiu cc n kinh t xa hi trong khu vc phng Lc Tho ngoai tr mt s vn : - Tng lu lng giao thng trong khu vc. - Lu lng khch gia tng c th gy ra mt s bt n v an ninh, trt t ti khu vc khach sn.19

- Gia tng cc vn v v sinh mi trng thi ti khu vc. Chung ti se chu ng v tich cc hp tac vi chnh quyn a phng thc hin cac bin phap hu hiu bao v mi trng, an ninh trt t va an toan giao thng trong khu vc. CHNG 3. CC GII PHP TNG TH, CC HNG MC CNG TRNH BO V MI TRNG V K HOCH THC HIN. 1. Cc bin php bo v mi trng thc hin - Rc thi pht sinh c thu gom x l ng theo quy nh. 2. Cc bin php bo v mi trng cn tn ti, cha thc hin. - Cht thi nguy hi cha c thu gom ng quy nh; - Cha c bip php x l nc thi sinh hot t Quy chun Vit Nam - Cha c bin php chng n, chng rung, khi t my pht in d phng. 3. Cc hng mc cng trnh bo v mi trng s thc hin b sung v k hoch xy lp hoc lp t cng trnh x l: - Lp t ng khi, ng gim thanh cho my pht in d phng. - Thu gom v k hp ng vi cc n v c chc nng x l cht thi nguy hi x l cht thi nguy hi. - Chng ti s xin php cc C quan, cp c thm quyn u ni nc thi sinh hot vo h thng thot nc ca thnh ph. - Thi gian hon thnh cc bin php, cc hng mc cng trnh bo v mi trng n 31/12/2009. 4. Chng trnh qun l v gim st mi trng 4.1. Chng trnh qun l mi trng Cc bin php tng cng qun l mi trng ca khch sn s c p dng nh sau: - Trong qu trnh hot ng ca khch sn, chng ti cam kt tun th cc quy nh ti Quyt nh s 02/2003/Q-BTNMT ngy 29 thng 7 nm 2003 ca B trng B ti Nguyn v Mi trng v vic Ban hnh Quy ch Bo v mi trng trong lnh vc du lch. - Chng ti s lp k hoch v chng trnh hnh ng bo v mi trng ti khch sn, phi hp cht ch vi cc c quan qun l mi trng a phng trong vic thanh tra, kim tra, quan trc cht lng mi trng; phi hp thm nh, kim tra cc cng trnh hng mc kin trc, cc h thng k thut x l mi20

trng, phng chng s c nhm m bo cc quy nh v tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam. - Chng ti s phi hp vi cc c quan qun l chc nng v PCCC, phng chng s c mi trng xy dng phng n phng chng s c chy n, r r nguyn nhin liu v ho cht ti khch sn. - Thng xuyn kim tra cng tc bo v mi trng ti khch sn. - T chc thng xuyn cng tc tuyn truyn, gio dc v thc v trch nhim bo v mi trng ti khch sn cho cn b cng nhn vin chc ca cng ty v du khch l hnh, lu tr. C cc bng hiu, bng quy ch ni quy bo v mi trng c th... 4.2. Chng trnh gim st mi trng Gim st cht thi: Gim st cht lng khng kh - Thng s gim st: Bi, kh SO2, NO2, CO, HC, n; - S mu: 01 mu; - V tr gim st: khu vc bi xe - Tn s gim st: 2 ln/nm; - Thit b thu mu v phng php phn tch: Theo qui nh - Tiu chun so snh: Tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam. (TCVN 5937: 2005, TCVN 5938: 2005, TCVN 5949 - 1998) 4.3. Ch bo co Doanh nghip t nhn Khch sn ng Phng s chu trch nhim thc hin chng trnh gim st v bo co mi trng hng nm theo quy nh. Vic gim st cht lng mi trng ti cc ngun pht sinh nhim trong khch sn nhm nh gi hin trng cht lng mi trng, cung cp thng tin mi trng ti vc khch sn, nh k gi bo co v c quan ph duyt n bo v mi trng kim tra, gim st. Tn sut bo co l 02 ln/nm (trc ngy 15 thng 6 v ngy 15 thng 12 hng nm). 5. Cam kt thc hin n bo v mi trng: Chng ti cam kt thc hin nghim chnh v y cc bin php bo v mi trng trong n a trnh. Cc cng vic nu trn chng ti s hon thnh theo ng ni dung, yu cu v tin ca n bo v mi trng c thm nh v xc nhn. - Phng n khng ch nhim khng kh, ting n rung s t TCVN 5949-1998, TCVN 5937-2005, TCVN 5938-2005, - p dng cc bin php v sinh an ton lao ng v cc bin php phng chng s c mi trng.21

- Cht thi rn sinh hot: m bo cht thi rn c thu gom v x l theo ng yu cu an ton v sinh v Ngh nh s 59/2007/N-CP ngy 09/04/2007 ca Chnh ph V qun l cht thi rn; - Cht thi nguy hi: Tun th Thng t s 12/2006/TT-BTNMT ngy 26/12/2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v/v hng dn iu kin hnh ngh v th tc lp h s, ng k, cp php hnh ngh, m s qun l cht thi nguy hi; Quyt nh s 23/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 26/12/2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng V/v Ban hnh danh mc cht thi nguy hi; Chng ti xin hon ton chu trch nhim trc php lut trong qu trnh hot ng nu vi phm cc quy nh v bo v mi trng. Nha Trang, ngy thng 03 nm 2009 GIM C

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