developments in the application of information technology in business raphael greenberg cis 590
Post on 15-Jan-2016
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Developments in theDevelopments in theApplication of InformationApplication of InformationTechnology in BusinessTechnology in Business
Raphael GreenbergRaphael Greenberg
CIS 590CIS 590
The emergence of information The emergence of information technologytechnology
Late 1950’s thru 1960’s - Silicon chips & Late 1950’s thru 1960’s - Silicon chips & Integrated CircuitsIntegrated CircuitsEarly 1970’s - MicroprocessorsEarly 1970’s - MicroprocessorsEarly 1980’s - Micro-computersEarly 1980’s - Micro-computers
End-user ComputingEnd-user Computing
Key Changes:Key Changes:
1.1. User exposureUser exposure2.2. EconomicsEconomics3.3. ConvergenceConvergence
New approaches to system New approaches to system developmentdevelopment
Linear Linear CyclicalCyclical
Causes:Causes: Exponential effect of faultsExponential effect of faults Constant change in specificationsConstant change in specifications Maintenance in saturated environmentMaintenance in saturated environment
ChangesChanges
Quality assurance, quality control, quality Quality assurance, quality control, quality managementmanagement
High user involvementHigh user involvement
Unified developmentUnified development
New types of systemsNew types of systems
Decision support systemsDecision support systems
EmailEmail
Tele- & video-conferencingTele- & video-conferencing
Voice, text, and image processingVoice, text, and image processing
Shift from provision of data to provision of Shift from provision of data to provision of information and speeding up information information and speeding up information flowsflows
Important new roles for Important new roles for information systemsinformation systems
Information centers (support/mgmt)Information centers (support/mgmt)System strategy / Strategic system planningSystem strategy / Strategic system planningIncrease business competitionIncrease business competition
- build barriers against new entrants- build barriers against new entrants- change the basis of competition- change the basis of competition- change balance of power - suppliers- change balance of power - suppliers- tie in customers- tie in customers- switch costs- switch costs- create new products/services- create new products/services
New DevelopmentsNew Developments
Object-oriented programming/designObject-oriented programming/design
Client-server architectureClient-server architecture
Data communicationsData communications
Image processingImage processing
Multimedia applicationsMultimedia applications
E-commerceE-commerce