development of high (+)-gossypol stocks and genetic control of the character
DESCRIPTION
Development of High (+)-Gossypol Stocks and Genetic Control of the Character. Alois A. Bell, Robert D. Stipanovic, and Lorraine S. Puckhaber USDA-ARS-SPARC College Station, TX. O. O. O. C. H. O. H. C. H. O. H. O. H. H. C. H. O. O. H. H. O. H. O. O. H. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Development of High Development of High (+)-Gossypol Stocks and Genetic (+)-Gossypol Stocks and Genetic
Control of the CharacterControl of the Character
Alois A. Bell, Robert D. Stipanovic, Alois A. Bell, Robert D. Stipanovic, and Lorraine S. Puckhaberand Lorraine S. Puckhaber
USDA-ARS-SPARCUSDA-ARS-SPARCCollege Station, TXCollege Station, TX
Gossypol Structure and SynthesisGossypol Structure and Synthesis
H O
H O
O HC HO
H O
HO
O H
O H
O H
O HC HO
H CO
HemigossypolHemigossypol GossypolGossypol
The (R)-Enantiomer of GossypolThe (R)-Enantiomer of Gossypol[(+)-Gossypol Form][(+)-Gossypol Form]
The (R)-Enantiomer of GossypolThe (R)-Enantiomer of Gossypol[(+)-Gossypol Form][(+)-Gossypol Form]
rotation around bond due to steric hindrance
Effects of Gossypol in Poultry DietEffects of Gossypol in Poultry Diet * *
Treatment n MCWGMCWG† CFCRCFCR†
0% CCS 60 742 a 1.58 c
5% Glandless CCS 30 752 a 1.63 b,c
5% Moco CCS 30 731 a 1.63 b,c
5% Glanded CCS 30 601 b 1.77 a,b
10% Glandless CCS 30 809 a 1.50 c
10% Moco CCS 30 507 c 1.81 a
10% Glanded CCS 30 338 d 1.91 a
Mean Cumulative Weight Gain (MCWG; gm) and Cumulative Feed Conversion Ratios (CFCR) of 3-Wk-Old Broilers
Fed Crushed Cottonseed (CCS)
** From Bailey, C.A. et. al. J. Ag. Food Chem. 2000, 48, 5692-5695.†† Means with no common letter within a column differ significantly (p ≤ 0.05).
Percentages of the Total Gossypol that Occurred as the (+)-Enantiomer in Seed and Flower Petals
Moco Line % (+)-Enantiomer
(Texas No.) Seed Seed * Petals Petals †
2428 95.2 90.0
2439 93.2 97.7
2443 95.9 82.1
2446 96.7 92.7
2447 90.3 97.8
2450 93.4 98.3
2457 94.6 90.5
2461 86.9 98.0
Selected Parents and Gossypol ContentsSelected Parents and Gossypol Contents
* Twenty seeds from a composite sample of several plants were ground together for seed determinations.
† Determined for 1-6 separate flowers from single plants of each line.
Distribution of (+)-Gossypol in BCDistribution of (+)-Gossypol in BC11
(+)-Gossypol Percentages in Petals and Seed of(TX-2428 x Tamcot CAMD-E) x Tamcot CAMD-E
Backcross Progeny
r = 0.6214r2 = 0.3861
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90
% (+)-Gossypol in Seed
% (
+)-G
oss
ypo
l in
Pet
als
AA
CC
BB
DD
Distribution of (+)-Gossypol in BCDistribution of (+)-Gossypol in BC11
(+)-Gossypol Percentages in Petals and Seed of(TX-2443 x Tamcot CAMD-E) x Tamcot CAMD-E
Backcross Progeny
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90
% (+)-Gossypol in Seed
% (
+)-G
oss
ypo
l in
Pet
als
AA
BB
CCDD
r = 0.4005r2 = 0.1604
Distribution of (+)-Gossypol in BCDistribution of (+)-Gossypol in BC11
(+)-Gossypol Percentages in Petals and Seed of(TX-2457 x Tamcot CAMD-E) x Tamcot CAMD-E
Backcross Progeny
r = 0.81r2 = 0.66
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90
% (+)-Gossypol in Seed
% (
+)-G
oss
ypo
l in
Pet
als
AA
BB
CC
DD
Distribution of (+)-Gossypol in BCDistribution of (+)-Gossypol in BC11
(+)-Gossypol Percentages in Petals and Seed of(TX-2457 x Tamcot CAMD-E) x Tamcot CAMD-E
Backcross Progeny
r = 0.81r2 = 0.66
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90
% (+)-Gossypol in Seed
% (
+)-G
oss
ypo
l in
Pet
als
AA
BB
CC
DD
G+1
G+2
G+1G+2
0
5
10
15
20
25
30 57
-58
59-6
0
61-6
2
63-6
4
65-6
6
67-6
8
69-7
0
71-7
2
73-7
4
75-7
6
77-7
8
79-8
0
81-8
2
83-8
4
% (+)-Gossypol
Fre
qu
ency
AA63
BB76
CC68
DD80
Frequency Distribution of (+)-Gossypol Percentages in SeedSeed of BC1 Progeny and
Median Values for Clusters A - D
Frequency Distribution of (+)-Gossypol Percentages in PetalsPetals of BC1 Progeny and
Median Values for Clusters A - D
0
5
10
15
20
25
30 <
60
60-6
1
62-6
3
64-6
5
66-6
7
68-6
9
70-7
1
72-7
3
74-7
5
76-7
7
78-7
9
80-8
1
82-8
3
84-8
5
86-8
7
88-8
9
90-9
1
% (+)-Gossypol
Fre
qu
ency
AA64
BB70
CC79
DD86
Segregation of (+)-Gossypol in PetalsSegregation of (+)-Gossypol in PetalsBC2 Progeny (Suregrow 747)
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
% (
+)-
Go
ss
yp
ol
2 6 1 9 7 5 10 3 4
Plant Number
Segregation of (+)-Gossypol in PetalsSegregation of (+)-Gossypol in PetalsBC2 Progeny (Stoneville 457)
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
% (
+)-
Go
ss
yp
ol
5 8 4 2 9 7 1 3 6 10
Plant Number
Expression of GExpression of G++11 Gene Alone in Petals Gene Alone in Petals
(S1BC3 Progeny of 45-2-4)
50
60
70
80
90
100
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
% (
+)-
Go
ssyp
ol
Plant Number
Expression of GExpression of G++22 Gene Alone in Petals Gene Alone in Petals
(S1BC3 Progeny of 62-8-7)
50
60
70
80
90
100
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
% (
+)-
Go
ssyp
ol
Plant Number
Expression of GExpression of G++11 or G or G++
22
Alone in Petals and Seed
+G Genes% (+)-Gossypol in:
PetalsPetals SeedSeed
None 65 58
G+1 g+
1 74 74
G+1 G+
1 9595 9090
None 64 61
G+2 g+
2 88 70
G+2 G+
2 9090 7474
Expression of Combinations of GExpression of Combinations of G++11 and and
GG++22 in Petals/Seed of Segregating Progeny in Petals/Seed of Segregating Progeny
(S1BC3 Progeny of 47-8-1)
50
60
70
80
90
100
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
% (
+)-
Go
ssyp
ol
Plant Number
Seed
Petals
Percentages of (+)-Gossypol Over Percentages of (+)-Gossypol Over Generations During the Development of Generations During the Development of
Germplasm with Both GGermplasm with Both G++11 and G and G++
22
Accession
Source
Maximum (+)-Gossypol in:
PetalsPetals SeedSeed
No.+G in Seed
BC1 BC2 BC3 S1BC3 S2BC3 S1BC3 S2BC3
2428 75-96 86.0 89.2 89.0 98.3 98.6 91.9 93.2
2443 64-96 84.9 87.8 88.9 98.4 98.2 95.3 95.0
2446 88-97 85.5 89.1 91.4 97.9 98.5 88.8 93.4
2457 70-96 85.6 89.5 89.0 98.0 98.4 91.0 93.1
Percentages of (+)-Gossypol in Progeny Percentages of (+)-Gossypol in Progeny with Homozygous Gwith Homozygous G++
11 or G or G++22 Genes Genes
Accession
Source
S2BC1 Seed S2BC3 Seed
G+1 G+
2 G+1 G+
2
2428 91.2 68.4 86.2 -
2439 90.0 78.7 - -
2443 90.3 63.7 90.7 -
2446 91.7 73.5 - 69.3
2447 92.3 77.0 - -
2450 94.8 76.9 - -
2457 91.7 72.7 90.1 -
2461 95.9 83.0 - 75.3
ConclusionConclusion
1. Combinations of G+1 and G+
2 can be obtained in selfed progeny by combinations of petal and seed analyses.
2. High (+)-gossypol lines that are homozygous and produce 93-95% (+)-gossypol in seed have been developed.
3. The G+1 gene alone can increase the
(+)-gossypol percentage to at least 90% in seed and is being evaluated as a single gene source of high (+)-gossypol.