designing and developing interactive multimedia edci 663 educational technology purdue university
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Designing and Developing Interactive Multimedia
EDCI 663
Educational Technology
Purdue University
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Systems Approach
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Preliminary Planning
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Initial Steps
A n a lyzeIn s tru c tion a l Task
A n a lyzeL earn ers
C on s id e r S u itab ilityo f M ed iu m
A ssess N eed s an dId en tify
In s tru c tion a l G oa ls
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Assess Needs
Begin by determining an instructional need that you plan to address. Is there a gap between what learners
should be able to do and what they can do?
How can you assess the need for instruction?
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Identify Goals
Educational goals are broad, overall purposes or plans for instruction.Example: “Students should understand the
process by which new cells are duplicated from older cells.”
Identify the general goals you have for your instructional unit.
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Analyze Audience
Audience analysisWho will your learners be?
What are their characteristics? Be as specific as you can be in identifying as many relevant characteristics as you can.
How can you analyze your audience?
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Task Analysis
Instructional task analysisWhat content will you need to present?
What content already exists? Can you modify it? What must be created?
Is certain content prerequisite to other content? How will you sequence or otherwise organize your content?
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Multimedia Suitability
Is multimedia appropriate?Does your instructional goal warrant the
use of multimedia?
What will multimedia contribute?
Is the contribution of the multimedia worth the extra time and expense required to create it?
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Beginning Design
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Early Design Steps
D eve lopA ssessm en t
M easu res
W riteP erfo rm an ce
O b jec tives
G ath erR esou rces
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Gather Resources
Resource acquisition is one of the most important processes in multimedia development. Assemble your:Text
Still Images
Video
Audio
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Organize Resources
In addition to acquiring the resources, it can be equally important to properly organize and label them.
Use a consistent naming scheme and store like items in folders for easy access.
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Objectives
Educational objectives are specific statements of what students will be able to do upon completion of the instruction.Example: “The student will be able to name
four stages of mitosis and describe the processes that occur at each stage.”
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Writing Objectives
Well-written objectives specify three component parts, although some parts may be assumed:PerformanceConditionsCriteria
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Objective Example
Given a diagram of a plant or animal cell, the student will be able to correctly label at least seven major cell organelles or structures.
Write objectives for your own content that include performance, conditions, and criteria.
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Develop Assessments
As you create your objectives, also develop means of assessing them, e.g., write quiz or review questions.
Developing assessments at the outset will help you to see where your objectives may need to be adjusted and insure that you provide appropriate instruction.
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Design
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Design Steps
S e lec t A u th orin gE n viron m en t
D eve lop F low ch artsan d S to ryb oard s
P lan U ser In te rfacean d
In s tru c tion a l S tra teg ies
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Plan User Interface
Consistency
Mimic real-world functionality
Flexibility - provide multiple ways of doing things
Provide status cues
Aesthetics – use clean design and nice colors
Help – provide help for users
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Instructional Strategies
Identify key mechanisms for promoting learning, e.g., Embedded questions with informative
feedbackUse of structured content presentation,
such as simple to complex build-upUse of metaphorsElaborative construction activities
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Flowcharts and Storyboards
Flowcharts are used to identify logical program flow.
Storyboards are used to depict what program frames will look like.
Correct?
Yes
No
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Authoring Environment
For practical reasons, this step often occurs earlier but, when possible, it is best to match the authoring environment to specific project needs.
Options: Programming languages
Multimedia/hypermedia development tools
Authoring systems
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Development
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Development Steps
W riteS u p p ortin g
M ateria l
F orm ativeE va lu a tion
C rea teM u ltim ed ia
P rog ram
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Create Program
Interactivity
Learner control
Clear organization
Sequencing and branching
High-quality media
Personality
Makes use of medium
Rapid pacing / information dense
Clear and simple frames
Team approach
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Formative Evaluation
Throughout the process, evaluate each step, and use that information make revisions.
Formative evaluators should include:Yourself
SMEs and peers
Example users
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Support Material
As the final program is taking shape, prepare documentation to support the program.Printed matter
Online documentation and help
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Implement and Evaluate
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Implement Program
The final step is to actually implement the program with the intended users. In the real world, this can involve significant logistical, maintenance, and support issues.
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Summative Evaluation
As a final step, you should evaluate the performance of the finished product with the actual target users. This evaluation is meant to confirm that the product does what it is supposed to do.
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The End