design, instal,solar array -progress 2

8/2/2019 Design, Instal,Solar Array -Progress 2

1/29

DESIGN &

INSTALLATION

OF A SOLAR ARRAY

Supervised by:

Prof. Dr. Tabrez. A. Shami

Jalil. A .Mirza

Team Members:Khurram Hashmi

Rao Najam

M.Abid Mustufa

M.Zahid Mustufa


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Abstract

To power the lighting load of university front

room on Photovoltaic Solar Panels.


3/29

Project phases Description No of Units

Phase-I Load replacement:

Installing LED saver lamps in place of Compact Fluorescent

lamps. Reduces the load by more than Half

Bringing it down to about 400 Watts

20 (9watt)

+

36 (6 watt)

Phase-II Designing and Installing the solar array:

Includes 8 solar modules 100 Watts each. 800 watt system.

additional support structures as cast Iron stands (to be

provided by the supplier)

includes placing the solar array within campus so as to

harvest maximum solar energy

Solar Inverter (1.5 kVA pure sine Wave)

8

(100 watt each)

Phase-III Short circuit protection and isolation:

Requires Miniature Circuit breakers (MCB), Diodes and DC

fuses

2- MCBs

4 -Fuses

Phase-IV Automated Change Over Implementation:Through an electromechanical relays(contactor)

1


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PHASE - 1

Load Replacement


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Lux. Values - Front office

1 Lux. = 10 foot candle

344

268

217 175

296

240 202

185

186

247209

Entry / Exit

Corner

Office Table

Set-1

Corner

Office Table

Set-2

198

Illumenance values (in Lux)With Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL)

1 Lux = 1 Lumen / m2


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9 watt Warm White LED lamps

Tested forillumenance

(in Lux)

116.7 Lux Power factor

(we found it nearunity)

Draws 20 mA


7/29

Replacing Lights. . .


8/29


9/29

With CFLs

With LEDs

Lighting Comparison


10/29

illumenance values (in Lux)

with LED lamps

185

211

110 175

200

98.1 201

186

96

147129.9

Entry / Exit

CornerOffice Table

Set-1

CornerOffice TableSet-2

1 Lux = 1 Lumen / m2


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PHASE - 2

Solar Array Design


12/29

Solar modules

PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR

SYSTEM

DC/AC

DC/AC

Inverter

CHARGE /

DISCHARGE

Controller

LOAD

Automated

Change over

(PV System / ACmains)

Battery Bank

In one assembly

AC mains


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System Layout

100Watt

100Watt

BatteryCharge

/Discharge

Controller

26AH

26AH

24

volts

12 + 12 = 24 volts

Inverter1.5 kVA

Sine wave

Load

Confine within 12 feet of array toavoid DC voltage drop

Wellsee - 60 A

Battery bank

JQX-62F-2ZPower Relay

WAPDA


14/29

Solar Module Specs

Max Power Output 100 Watt

Max Voltage 18 Volts

Open Circuit Voltage 22.7 Volts

Max Current 5.41 A

Short Circuit Current 5.55 A

Max System voltage 60 Volts

Mono crystalline.


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Optimum Angle Tilt

Co-ordinates of the site: (UCP)

Latitude : 31027 North

Longitude: 74016 East

Pakistan located in Northern Hemisphere (Tropics)

Calculated Tilt

270 Facing true South

270


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Selection Between Solar Array

Output and Grid PowerJQX-62F 2Z

Features:

Model: power relay JQX-62F 2Z 80AOutline dimensions: 95 x 70x 67mm

3) Max. switching current:

80A

4) Max. switching voltage:

28V DC / 250V AC

5) Coil data:a) Nominal voltage:

6 - 220V DC / 6 - 380V ACb) Pick-up voltage:

AC90%, DC75%

d) Coil power: 2.0 W / 2.5VA


17/29

Our Connections

Wapda ACSupply

Inverter Output

Shorted with coil

To Load


18/29

Testing of CFLs for

Luminosity (lux)

Power factor

Methodology


19/29

Lighting Load Front Room with

CFLs

CFLs

(Rated Wattage)

Wattage Number Total watts

Indoor-1 18 20 360

Indoor-2 11 36 396

Total 756

(Volt Amps Drawn)

total current

(amps)

Voltage

(volts)

Total VA

Indoor 2.78 230 639.4power factor 0.872 lead


20/29

Testing CFLs and LEDs

P.C.

C.C.

Power Factor Meter

V

A

Lamp

AC Supply230 Volts60 Hz


21/29

Results -1

READINGS

Power Factor meter

Type Rated

watts

Actual

watts

Voltage Current PF(calculated) PF

(from PF

meter)

Lag/lead phase

angle

watts watts volts mA deg

CFL 11 11 227 46.9 0.97 0.95 lead 19

CFL 18 17 227 73.3 0.98 0.95 lead 18

CFL 23 23 227 94.7 0.94 0.94 lead 20

LED 6 6 227 26.8 0.98 1 Lag 5

LED 7 6 227 26.7 0.99 1 Lag 5

LED 12 14 226 58.2 0.94 1 lead 5

Set up self volts read : 226 V

Set up self Amps : 2.9 mA


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Color And Lux Values OfLed- Savers

Color Wattage Current

drawn

Volt.Amps Illumenance

At

8ft 10 inchesWattage

of CFL

to be

replaced

% of exitisng

equivalent

CFL lamp

Watts Amps volt amps Lux Watt

Pure

White

12 0.07 16.1 247 18 67%

Pure

White

6 0.025 5.75 97.6 11 55%

Warm

White

9 0.02 4.54 116 18 50%

Warm

White

7 0.03 6.9 37.4 11 64%


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Physical Appearance Rating Lux Comments

12 Watt

Pure white Light

247

Lux

To replace 18

watt CFL

7 Watt

Warm White Light

37.4

Lux

To replace 11

watt CFL

9 WattWarm White Light

116Lux

To replace 18watt CFL


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Physical Appearance Rating Lux Comments

3 Watt

Warm White light

- can replace

11 watt CFLOutdoor

wall sockets

(Not tested

for Lux and

VA)

18 Watt

Pure White Light

- too bright to

replace 18

Watt CFL

and does not

reduce Load(Not tested

for Lux and

VA)


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0

5

1015

20

25

30

35

40

45

450 600 1200 1700 2700

Watts

Lumens

LED

CFL

LED vs. CFL (half the wattage)

Replacing CFLs with LED energy savers


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Thank You . .


27/29

supplementary

Supplementary Slides


28/29

800 Watt System Utilization

Utilised Capacity

0

100

200

300

Jan Feb Mar AprMay Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

kWh

Utilisation of 800 Watt System supplying 400 Watts Load

Utilised Capacity Available Capacity


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Comparison of energy received

against energy generated - NREL

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

kWh

Energy / montha 235 Watt panel

energy recievd/month kWh

Inverter conversion

design, instal,solar array -progress 2

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