design and analysis of piping flange in cad ......in this research we have done design and analysis...

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DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF PIPING FLANGE IN CAD SOFTWARE

Shaikh Mohd Maaz *1, Santosh Wankhade*2

*1M.E Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yadavrao Tasgaonkar Institute of Engineering

& Technology, Raigarh, Maharashtra, India.

*2B.E, M.E, Phd(Scholar), Principal, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yadavrao Tasgaonkar

Institute of Engineering & Technology, Raigarh, Maharashtra, India.

ABSTRACT

In this research we have done design and analysis of a piping flange in cad software for safe and optimized

design of a piping flange. Flanges are usually used for applications where pressure is a major concern for

various applications. Flange details is given in ASME B16.5 for flanges till 24 inches and above 24 inches in

ASME B16.47. We have taken a standard flange of 1-1/2 inches of 150 class. We have created a model of the

weld neck flange in solidworks and analysis is done in Ansys. Stresses are compared with safe value as per

ASME B16.5. The analysis shows the area of high stresses on the flange. The results thus obtained is analyzed

for the optimization of flange. We have used SA105 as a flange material which is a carbon steel. We have

optimized the flange design as per requirement with reduced cost for high pressure as per ASME B16.5.

Keywords: Design, Analysis, Optimization, Results.

I. INTRODUCTION A mechanical device to join pipes is known as pipe flange. Pipe flanges are available in multiple shapes, as

welding neck in which the pipe is welded to the collar of the flange, threaded in which the pipe is screwed on

the flange, socket weld like fillet welds connections and many more type of flanges are available in ASME codes

as well as EN standards. The most common type of flange used in piping industry is welding neck type of flange.

These flanges are available in carbon steel, Low carbon steel, Alloys, Duplex, Super Duplex. We have chosen

Carbon steel material grade SA105 which is the most widely used material globally. Carbon steel flanges are

available in multiple sizes depending upon the application and type of industry. There are many industries

where these flanges are used in many ways. Oil and gas industry, Refineries, Power plants and many other such

industries where piping components are required to carry fluids from one place to another. To supply fluid

pipes and fittings are required in multiple sizes. Pressure and temperature is also considered before choosing

flange. Before choosing flange analysis and test need to be done to check the pressure of the pipes and fittings

that it can handle. There are many NDT test are required to be done as per ASME standards. Dye penetrant test

to check surface crack and internal flaws in the material, Ultrasonic testing to check internal defects, Hardness

machine to check hardness and many NDT testing to check the fitness of the material.

Figure 1: Ultrasonic testing machine


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Figure 2. Hardness machine

Flange marking details

a) Manufacturers logo

b) Pressure rating class

c) ASME B16 designation

d) Nominal pipe size

e) The letter ‘R’ and the corresponding ring groove number for ring joint flanges

f) The letters ‘PL’ shall precede the grade symbol followed by the material grade of pipe

g) Type of flange facing

h) Schedule or wall thickness for weld-neck flange

i) Heat number or lot number

Figure 3. WNRF Flange


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II. METHODOLOGY

Software used for designing and analysis of flange

In today’s market, there are many CAD software are available like Autocad, Solidworks, catia, Pro-e and analysis

software’s like Ansys. Design software used is Solidworks and analysis software used is Ansys

Flange Material properties

Table 1. Flange material data for SA105

Parameter Value

Yield strength in % 250Mpa(min)

Ultimate tensile strength in % 485Mpa(min)

Elongation In % 30%(min)

Reduction in area in % 30%(min)

Hardness in HBW 187HBW (max)

Material test certificate

Figure 4: Material test certificate from laboratory


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III. MODELING AND ANALYSIS

Modeling of flange in solidworks software

Figure 5: Solidworks model of weld neck flange

Figure 6: Bottom view of a flange

Figure 7: Front view of a flange


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Analysis of flange in Ansys software

Figure 8: Mesh model of flange

The smaller size of the grain, the more accurate will be your results. Nodes=20426, Elements=11316. The

boundary conditions for pressure vessel are pressure applied on the inside diameter and the chamfer weld

neck is set as a constraint. The movements of the flange is taken in Z-axis. A mesh analysis is done on the FEA

model of flange to ensure the optimized mesh size of FEA model.

Figure 9: Maximum principal stress

The maximum principal stress can be seen on the base of the hub in red colour. Minimum value of stress is -

2.7092Mpa and maximum value of stress is 37.406Mpa.

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION a) The results obtained from Ansys software proves that this flange can bear more pressure than the

allowable pressure given in ASME.

b) Thus, we can choose a class lower as prescribed in ASME B16.5 to reduce cost of manufacturing.

c) Working pressure given in ASME B16.5 for 1-1/2 - inch flange at 200 deg Celsius is 13.8 bar.

d) Hence design is safe.


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V. CONCLUSION

Weld neck flange can be analyzed using cad software for pressure rating and for checking allowable safe

working pressure and optimized model for higher pressure application.

a) Yield strength is 322.09Mpa

b) Ultimate tensile strength is 560.79Mpa

c) Percent elongation is 43.20%

d) Percent reduction is 66.53%

e) Hardness is 158HBW

Hence, considering all these mechanical properties our flange design is safe and have higher application of

pressure as compared with standard ASME data.

VI. REFERENCES [1] ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessels Code Section II Materials-Part D, 2013.

[2] ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessels Code Section II Materials-Part A,2015.

[3] ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessels Code Section VIII, Div. 2, Part5, 2015 Edition, ASME, NY, USA.

[4] ASME B16.5. Pipe flanges and flanged fittings, 2009.

[5] “Design, Analysis and Optimization of Non- Standard Weld Neck Body Flange in Small Pressure Vessel

Journals- Global Research and Development Journal for Engineering | Volume 3 | Issue 6 | May 2018

ISSN: 2455-5703.

[6] “Review Paper on the Failure Analysis of Weld: Neck Flanges” ISSN 2278 – 0211 Vol 3 Issue 9 IJIRD

[7] “A Stress Analysis of Pipe Flange Connections” Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology NOVEMBER 1991,

Vol. 113.

[8] “Analysis of Stresses in Bolted Flange” IOSR Journal of Mechanical & Civil Engineering (IOSRJMCE) e-

ISSN: 2278-1684, P-ISSN: 2320-334X PP 61-64.

[9] ” Leak tightness analysis of bolted body flange of heat exchanger near pass partition plate”

International Journal of Management and Applied Science, ISSN: 2394-7926 Volume-3, Issue-9, Sep.-

2017.

[10] “Design and Failure Analysis of Flange Coupling with Uniform Strengthen Bolts” Vol. 6, Issue 1, January

2017 DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2017.0601074.

design and analysis of piping flange in cad ......in this research we have done design and analysis...

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