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Page 1: Department of Modern Languages. Gramática nueva The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do …” (something)

Department ofModern Languages

La Lengua española

Page 2: Department of Modern Languages. Gramática nueva The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do …” (something)

Gramática nueva

Los verbos -ar en el tiempo presente

Page 3: Department of Modern Languages. Gramática nueva The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do …” (something)

The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do …” (something).

For example:

to speak, to eat, to write… etc.

The Spanish infinitive always ends in r

Los verbos en el tiempo presente

HABLAR COMER ESCRIBIR

Page 4: Department of Modern Languages. Gramática nueva The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do …” (something)

The ending: The last two letters of the infinitive always consists of two letters.

Los verbos en el tiempo presente

hablarcomerescribircantaraprender

hablarcomerescribircantaraprender

There are three types or categories of verbs in Spanish:

those that end in ar, those that end in er, and those that end in ir

Page 5: Department of Modern Languages. Gramática nueva The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do …” (something)

The stem or root: Whatever is left after removing the ending from the infinitive.

The stem can consist of a variable number of letters, depending on the length of the verb in question.

Los verbos en el tiempo presente

HABLAR COMER ESCRIBIR

HABL- COM- ESCRIB-

Page 6: Department of Modern Languages. Gramática nueva The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do …” (something)

El infinitivo – el sufijo = la raíz

salirconocercostarcorrer

hablarcomerescribircantar

Voluntarios

Page 7: Department of Modern Languages. Gramática nueva The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do …” (something)

When we conjugate any verb we always begin with its stem.

To conjugate a verb To put a verb in its correct person and number so that we know who is doing the action.

Los verbos en el tiempo presente

HABLAR

HABL-

Page 8: Department of Modern Languages. Gramática nueva The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do …” (something)

Los verbos en el tiempo presente

aah bloa

ah blasa

ah blaa

habl mosa

áhabl isá

ah blana

All persons and numbers are based on the stem.

Notice which vowel gets the emphasis!

yo

túUd.élella

nosotros/as

vosotros/as

ellosellas

Uds.

hablar

Page 9: Department of Modern Languages. Gramática nueva The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do …” (something)

auest diou

uest diasu

uest diau

estudi mosa

áestudi isá

uest dianu

Its stem?

The emphasis?

VoluntariosLos verbos -ar en el

tiempo presente

estudiar

Page 10: Department of Modern Languages. Gramática nueva The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do …” (something)

estudio estudiamosestudias estudiáisestudia estudian

La biblioteca es un buen lugar para estudiar.

Verb forms that refer to people that are within the conversation flip to their “opposite” form.

¿Qué estudias tú?

Yo estudio matemáticas

.

¿Qué estudian ustedes?

Page 11: Department of Modern Languages. Gramática nueva The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do …” (something)

Gramática nueva

Los verbos -er / -ir en el tiempo presente

Page 12: Department of Modern Languages. Gramática nueva The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do …” (something)

The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form of the verb. responder

The fundamental parts of the verb

The ending: The last two letters of the infinitive.

The stem: What is left after taking the ending from the infinitive.

-er

respond-

Page 13: Department of Modern Languages. Gramática nueva The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do …” (something)

The following verbs are regular -er / -ir verbs and they are conjugated according to the pattern that follows:

aprender to learn

beber to drink

abrir to open

creer to believe

escribir to write

vender to sell

(+ a + infinitive) (to do something)

Los verbos en el tiempo presente

Page 14: Department of Modern Languages. Gramática nueva The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do …” (something)

Los verbos en el tiempo presente

All persons and numbers are based on the stem.

aprender

eeapr ndoe

eapr ndese

eapr ndee

aprend mose

éaprend isé

eapr ndeneThe emphasis?

Page 15: Department of Modern Languages. Gramática nueva The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do …” (something)

Los verbos en el tiempo presente

All persons and numbers are based on the stem.

escribir

iiescr boi

iescr besi

iescr bei

escrib mosi

íescrib sí

iescr beniThe emphasis?

Page 16: Department of Modern Languages. Gramática nueva The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do …” (something)

Los verbos en el tiempo presente

The verb ver (to see or to watch) is irregular only in its yo form. Also notice that the vosotros/as form has no written accent because it is only one syllable.

ver

veo

ves

ve

vemos

veis

ven

(not vo)

Page 17: Department of Modern Languages. Gramática nueva The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do …” (something)

vivo

vives

vive

vivimos

vivís

viven

Its stem?

vivir

VoluntariosLos verbos -ir en el

tiempo presente

Page 18: Department of Modern Languages. Gramática nueva The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do …” (something)

CON

CLUSIÓN

¿Qué forma del verbo es correcta?

1. ¿Tú ____ a países diferentes en el verano? a. viajo b. viaja c. viajas

2. Yo ____ en los restaurantes de Oxford.a. comemos b. como c. comes

3. Nosotros ____ en un apartamento grande. a. vive b. viven c. vivimos

Page 19: Department of Modern Languages. Gramática nueva The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do …” (something)

Adiós y hasta luego

RECORDAD QUE…

…PARA APRENDER,

¡ES NECESARIO PRACTICAR!