demands, supplies & priorities. demand sectors irrigation livestock mining industrial commercial...
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Demands, Supplies & Priorities
Demand Sectors
Irrigation
Livestock
Mining
Industrial
Commercial
Ecosystems
DomesticTotal Water Demand
Major Cities
• Water demand data– Municipal and industrial demand
• Aggregated by sector (manufacturing, tourism, etc.)
• Disaggregated by population (e.g., use/capita, use/socioeconomic group)
– Agricultural demands• Aggregated by area (# hectares, annual
water-use/hectare)• Disaggregated by crop water requirements
– Ecosystem demands (in-stream flow requirements)
Demand Data Requirements
Agriculture
Industry
Municipal
CottonRiceWheat...
Electric PowerPetroleumPaper...
South CityWest City...
Irrigation...
CoolingProcessingOthers
Single FamilyMulti-family...
FurrowSprinklerDrip
StandardEfficient...
KitchenBathingWasherToilet...
SECTOR SUBSECTOR END-USE DEVICE
Illustrative Demand Structure
Data can be at the level of a site, or
disaggregated to any level of detail
Entering Demand Data
Supply Types
• Rivers• Reservoirs• Groundwater
– storage capacity– max monthly withdrawal– natural recharge
• Diversions• Other sources (e.g. desalination)
• User defines supply:– Time series data of riverflows
(headflows) cfs, groundwater storage and recharge
– River network (connectivity)
• WEAP simulates supply via simulation of physical hydrology:– Watershed attributes
• Area, land cover, conductivity…– Climate
• Precipitation, temperature, windspeed, and relative humidity
Supply Data Requirements
Reservoir Operations
Inactive Zone
Buffer Zone
Conservation Zone
Top of Inactive
Top of Buffer
Top of Conservation
Total StorageFlood Control Zone
Linking Supply and Demand
Linking supply and demand
Return flows to surface or ground water or treatment plants
Priority System of Allocation
• Demand Priorities• Supply Preferences= Allocation Order
0
36.5
63.5
6.5 unmet; 8%
Same Demand Priorities
• If there are two demands, both with the same priority and insufficient water to meet their needs fully, WEAP will provide equal % of demand to each.
1
3.5 unmet; 8%
0
40
60
10 unmet
Different Demand Priorities
• If the priorities differ, WEAP will satisfy the first priority fully before giving water to the lower priority.
Different Supply Preferences
• The large demand (70 units) has higher priority for river water, but has a greater preference for groundwater
50
Groundwater
40
40
20
50
2
1