delivering subsea solutions

��

��

��

KW Ltd, Fetcham Park House, Lower Road, Fetcham, Surrey KT22 9HD Tel: +44 (0)1372 371122 email: [email protected]

Delivering subsea solutions… KW Ltd is an independent engineering

company, founded in 1999, offering design

and analysis as well as specialist consultancy

and third party support services in Subsea

Pipelines and Structures. We also provide

specialist services in civil, structural,

mechanical, marine and coastal engineering.

The company has an international reputation for

independent, innovative and high quality

engineering. Our clients appreciate our flexible and

responsive service, delivering added value in the

form of safe, reliable and cost-effective solutions.

The company has an impressive track record

serving oil and gas majors and independents,

installation contractors and suppliers. Our strength

and differentiator is in the technical excellence and

attitude of our team: we employ highly experienced

engineers with wide ranging competencies in

structures, geotechnical, civil and mechanical

engineering. We have the ability to deliver tailored

solutions whether in the context of conventional

Subsea tie-back projects in the North Sea, or of

some of the most challenging projects worldwide

involving deepwaters, HPHT and extreme natural

environments.

Contents

Our Services:

Subsea Pipeline Detailed Design

Subsea Structures Detailed Design

Installation Engineering

Survey and Routing

UHB / OOS

Lateral Buckling / Pipeline Walking

HPHT Systems

Pipe-in-Pipe

FE Analysis

Coastal Engineering

Our Design Track Record:

Conceptual, Pre-FEED and FEED

Detailed Design

Owner Engineer and Design Support

Our Consultancy Track Record:

Lateral Buckling / Pipeline Walking

OOS /UHB

Egypt Projects and Cairo Office:

Track Record

Other Information:

Quality Management Systems (QMS)

Offices and Contacts

KW Ltd

Using This Document

Click on the contents below to go to the page you require. Clicking on the KW logo in the header will take you back to this page.

��

��


Conceptual to Detailed Design of Subsea Pipelines

Technical Excellence, Delivered on Time

Founded to pioneer new standards of engineering excellence, KW is now firmly established as a premier force in international pipeline engineering. Our rapid ascendancy and enviable track record of success are driven by technical expertise, innovative vision and sharp customer focus. Our highly experienced team of pipeline engineers is supported by industry-leading technical specialists in structural mechanics, FEA, geotechnics and materials technology.

A rigorous approach to project management, unswerving quality control and our exceptional CAD team complete the picture. Seamless integration of key technical disciplines allows innovation to flourish in our approach to complex design challenges. This enables us to deliver fresh, effective and economical design solutions within the tight schedules required by today’s fast-track developments.

KW undertake design projects for both pipelay contractors (as part of EPC projects) and for Operators. In the North Sea we are very experienced in Subsea Tie-back Projects, which generally cover the smaller diameter flowlines emanating from HPHT reservoirs, requiring pipe-in-pipe or insulated pipelines.

Away from the North Sea we are working with clients in North Africa and the Mediterranean for both shallow and deep water field developments, encompassing flowlines, interfield and trunklines, subsea structures, manifolds, risers and shore works.

We undertake projects in deepwater locations including West Africa and are continuously enhancing our deep and ultra deepwater capability, where again we see particular added value through our technology edge.

• Traditional subsea pipeline systems

• Manifolds and other subsea structures

• Risers and spools

• Shore approach

• Subsea tie-backs

• HPHT fields

• Pipe-in-pipe and insulated pipelines

• Deep and ultra-deep waters

• Exotic materials

• Highly undulating seabeds

• Challenging environments and soil conditions


Subsea Structures

Key Assets

The continuing trend towards subsea developments places ever greater emphasis on the need for cost effective and practical subsea structures. These structures must support and protect critical piping and equipment for the life of the field, whilst providing easy diver/ROV access for critical intervention tasks. Reliable performance of these assets is critical to the success of a development, requiring great care and attention to detail in design.

Our comprehensive design service covers conceptual, FEED, preliminary and detailed engineering of all types of subsea structure, supported by our team of experienced subsea engineers. We work closely with client, installation contractor and fabricator throughout the project to ensure suitability of final design and compress schedule.

Structure Types

Our design team has experience of all types of subsea structures in deep and shallow water, including Manifolds, Templates, SSIV protection, PLEM, Subsea Distribution Assemblies, Wellhead protection, Drill centers, Dynamic riser bases, Subsea PLR modules, PLET and in-line Wye/Tee assemblies.

Layout

Early use of modern 3D CAD tools to define layout of piping, valves, actuators, flanges, tie-ins and equipment. Size and weight optimised to suit installation vessel and fabrication facility. Designs tailored to suite diver or ROV IRM philosophies (tie-in, valve operation, equipment installation/retrieval).

Structural Analyses

State of the art structural design software is used to develop efficient structure designs in accordance either limit state or permissible stress codes. Global analysis covers load-out, transportation, marine lifting and in-place analysis including hydrodynamic and earthquake loading. External loads from dropped object impact, trawl snag and pipeline tie-ins are also addressed. Piping assemblies adjoining spools and foundations are included in the global structural analysis to capture critical interaction effects. Piping and fitting analysis and design to ASME B31.3, B31.8 ,etc.

Foundations

Our geotechnical specialists have wide experience in soil characterisation and subsequent design of piled, gravity or suction pile foundations. Rigorous seismic analysis and design can be provided when required. P-Y curve and limit equilibrium methods are backed up by sophisticated numerical modelling when appropriate.

Design Package

Provision of preliminary, conceptual and detail design drawings (2D and 3D), material take-off, weight take-off, specifications, design reports, procedures, philosophy documents, studies. Preliminary drawings and MTO provided as early as possible to expedite procurement of long lead items.

Folding in-line Wye for Deep Water

WaGE CATS Tee Structure



Engineering and Support for Offshore Operations

The installation phase of an offshore project inevitably carries substantial cost and risk. Successful installation campaigns require thoroughly engineered offshore operations, with the utmost attention to detail. KW has a strong record of working closely with contractors to optimise cost and quantify risk of offshore operations. Our specialist engineering skills and broad experience complement the capabilities of offshore contractors, enabling fully engineered solutions to be prepared within fast-track project schedules.

We provide a range of installation engineering solutions for pipelay, trenching/burial, T&I, survey and rock dump contractors, including:

• Full rigid and flexible pipelay analysis (reeling, S-lay, J-lay, bundle tow, shore pulls)

• Riser installation and J-tube pull-in

• Vessel mooring and station keeping

• Trenching and ploughability analysis

• Installation of Subsea structures and spools

• Installation of fixed structures (including float-over analysis)

Project Highlights

Conoco Mimas & Tethys Pipelay Installation Engineering

Detailed simulation of pipelay operations using S-lay with floating stinger (start-up, normal lay, A&R), including rigorous analysis of vessel motions and wave-current effects. ECA to determine AUT defect size limits. Detailed design of pipe stacking and sea fastening arrangements. Specification and supervision of lay barge mooring analysis. Detailed FEA of stinger hitch arrangement, and design of strengthening modifications.

Saudi Aramco Duba Offloading Platform Float-Over

Concept and detailed design of unique ‘skid and float-over’ installation of 1000t offloading platform onto piles. Detailed design of all installation systems, including barge strengthening, bespoke hydraulic skidding system and extended tilt beams. Sea-keeping, ballasting, stability and longitudinal strength analysis of barge. Design of adjustable pile installation guide frames to accurately locate permanent piles. Preparation of detailed drawings and procedures.

Talisman Tweedsmuir Spools

Comprehensive installation engineering services to support deployment of numerous spools in extensive North Sea development. Lifting analysis and design of rigging; deck layouts; sea-fastening design; ad-hoc support to offshore operations.

Spool lifting

Platform float-over

Pipelay simulation


Survey and Routing

Critical Up-front Task

Optimal route selection at the outset of an offshore pipeline project has the potential to minimise subsequent design challenges and dramatically reduce construction costs. The critical importance of routing decisions is recognised in our approach, which combines extensive experience with rapid and effective analysis tools to screen candidate routes.

Whilst these specialist skills are generally available to office-based desk studies and detailed engineering, our ability to perform rapid analysis onboard the offshore survey vessel is unique within the industry. In many cases we are able to avoid geohazards, eliminate spanning, and minimise installation difficulties even before completion of the survey.

Where routing challenges cannot be resolved offshore, we ensure the survey data acquired is adequate for rigorous assessment during FEED and detailed design.

Project Highlights

Gulf of Aqaba Crossing, 2003

The 36” pipeline passes from Taba in Egypt to Aqaba in Jordan, crossing the 860m deep Gulf of Aqaba: a depth record for a large diameter pipeline. Both sides of the gulf are extremely steep, with numerous gullies and unstable slopes, and delicate corals at the shore approaches. Any pre- or post-lay intervention would have been very costly, with no scope for trenching or rock cover. Identifying a suitable route was particularly challenging, requiring sophisticated numerical analysis to minimise span lengths and avoid landslide run-out zones. KW supported the owner, EGC, at every stage of the project, with routing specialists present on all offshore surveys. The final selected route eliminated all intervention requirements, in spite of extremely challenging seabed terrain.

Agiba Project: Gulf of Suez, 2005

Offshore and Onshore Support for pipeline routed in shallow waters with extensive reefs and rocky areas off the east coast of Egypt. Pipeline route optimized to avoid excessive spanning, relax installation tolerances, and avoid severe cross slopes to ensure lateral stability.

North Idku Project: North Africa, 2006

Pipeline route optimized to avoid reef and pass through flat seabed to improve trenching conditions. Pipeline route length minimized. Offshore support was provided to acquire firsthand data and perform real time route selection. Survey operations adjusted in the field to suite selected route.

Avoidance of seabed features

Gulf of Aqaba bathymetry

Gulf of Aqaba route candidates

Online pipe-seabed interaction modelling

Upheaval Buckling and Out-of-Straightness Analysis


KW UHB/OOS Experience

Out-of-straightness (OOS) analysis is one of KW’s main

strengths that enables the company to remain at the

leading edge of upheaval buckling (UHB) analysis.

KW OOS Analysis

KW have developed an accurate and consistent OOS

analysis methodology, which is based on the use of the

SAGE Profile FE package combined with the Download

Monitoring System (DMS) to calculate the download

requirement to prevent upheaval buckling in pipelines.

The KW OOS analysis method is combined with a reliability-

based approach in order to capture the uncertainty in

design input parameters. ABAQUS non-linear FEA is used to

calibrate the OOS analysis models for HPHT and pipe-in-

pipe applications.

The DMS analysis tool, pioneered and developed by KW

staff, has been used on almost all the pipelines installed in

the North Sea since 1999. The analysis method has been

subject to DnV, Lloyds and Bureau Veritas scrutiny and

verification on several projects.

Past experience has shown that assessment of the amount

of rock cover has incorporated a large degree of

conservatism resulting in excessive cost to the installation

contractor. Thus, KW’s main OOS analysis objectives are:

• To provide an adequate level of safety in the operating

pipeline to ensure upheaval buckling will not occur

during the operating life of the pipeline.

• To minimise the volume of rock required to eliminate

upheaval buckling, commensurate with the requirements

for adequate safety.

KW Assurance

A dedicated, proactive, and responsive engineering team

with extensive experience of advanced structural mechanics

and pipeline engineering is assigned to respond to the

project’s demands.

The ability of KW to perform the OOS analysis on a very

fast track schedule can be demonstrated by reference to

our track record in this field over the past years. Rock dump

schedules can be provided as swiftly as within 24hrs, if

required, from the receipt of raw OOS survey data.

(Courtesy van Oord Offshore)

3.63.53.43.33.23.13.02.92.8

9000 9100 9200 9300 9400 9500 9600 9700 9800 9900 100003.63.53.43.33.23.13.02.92.8

9000 9100 9200 9300 9400 9500 9600 9700 9800 9900 10000

3.63.53.43.33.23.13.02.92.8

9000 9100 9200 9300 9400 9500 9600 9700 9800 9900 10000

Download monitoring system – KW analysis tool

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

9000 9100 9200 9300 9400 9500 9600 9700 9800 9900 10000

KP (m)

Rock

Cov

er D

epth

to T

OP

(m)

-146.0

-145.5

-145.0

-144.5

-144.0

-143.5

-143.0

-142.5

Wat

er D

epth

( m)Conventional Analysis

DMS Method (SAGE Profile)

Seabed Profile

KW OOS analysis solution in relation to the conventional analysis method

Pipeline stabilisation (Courtesy van Oord Offshore)


Lateral Buckling & Pipeline Walking

A New Requirement in Pipeline Engineering

The move to deep water and higher temperatures and pressures in recent years has introduced lateral buckling and walking as new requirements in the pipeline design process. Where practical and economic considerations prevent burial of pipelines, the potential to ‘snake’ and ‘walk’ is often unavoidable. Advanced design and analysis methods, often coupled with special construction measures, are then needed to ensure a safe and reliable system containing ‘engineered’ lateral buckles.

KW have been at the forefront of developments in this specialist field, with a substantial track record of lateral buckling and walking studies for leading international contractors and operators worldwide. The mitigation measures required to control walking and lateral buckling can be very costly. KW has wide experience in the design of fully integrated solutions, designed to guarantee pipeline integrity for minimum overall cost.

Specialist Services

KW can deploy a wide range of analysis tools and techniques, suitable for preliminary concept studies, tender design/validation, FEED and detailed design. Typical tasks include:

• Review of soil parameters and estimate of pipe-soil interaction forces. Specification of additional in-situ and laboratory soil tests.

• Rapid screening assessment using analytical methods (Hobbs, Taylor and Gan).

• Advanced non-linear FEA of buckle initiation and post-bukling response, including non-linear pipe-soil interaction modelling.

• Numerical analysis of interaction of trawl gear with buckled pipelines.

• Detailed FEA of strain localisation effects at field joints, forgings and weak joints.

• Analytical and FE analysis of walking (including effects of slope, thermal transients and curve pull-out).

• Global analysis of interaction of walking and lateral buckling.

• Fracture mechanics and low cycle fatigue assessments (girth weld ECA).

• Reliability analyses, to optimise buckle spacing.

Practical, optimised designs are developed, in full compliance with chosen design codes and either SAFEBUCK or DNV RP-F110 guidance.

-4000

-3500

-3000

-2500

-2000

-1500

-1000

-500

0

5000 2 4 6 8 10 12

Lateral Displacement at the buckle Crown [m]

Driv

ing

Forc

e [k

N]

FE Solution Analytical Solution

-3000

-2500

-2000

-1500

-1000

-500

00 2 4 6 8 10 12

KP

Effe

ctiv

e A

xial

For

ce [k

N]

Lateral Buckle Laterally Restrained

Feed-in Spacing

0.E+00

5.E-04

1.E-03

2.E-03

2.E-03

3.E-03

3.E-03

4.E-03

4.E-03

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000Distance from Pipe End or Previous Buckle

Prob

abili

ty o

f For

mat

ion

of R

ogue

Buc

kle

and

No

Form

atio

n of

Inte

nded

Buc

kle Rogue Buckle End

Rogue Buckle Mid-Line

Evolution of buckle shape

Buckle initiation force

Reliability analysis

Buckled & unbuckled force profiles


HPHT Systems

HPHT Design Experience

The feasibility of constructing pipelines to transport high temperature and pressure contents has become central to the development of marginal fields. Pipeline systems with fluid temperatures of 160°C or more have been and are currently being designed.

At temperatures above about 120°C several factors become primary which are not significant for pipelines transporting lower temperature contents. These factors include:

• The effect of elevated temperatures on the mechanical properties of the pipeline steel, including carbon steel, corrosion resistant alloys (CRA) and CRA lined carbon steel pipe.

• Practical problems of designing pipeline systems that can be validated by current codes based on limiting stress conditions and the relevance of limit state codes to high temperature pipelines.

• The requirement to adopt a strain-based design methodology, where the adjective ‘strain-based’ is used to describe pipelines where the traditional limit on the equivalent stress in the pipeline is replaced by a limit on the strain experienced by the material.

These factors must be resolved in order to ensure that HT/HP pipelines can be operated with suitable levels of safety.

HPHT Design Experience

Since its inception, KW Ltd has been in the forefront of HPHT pipeline technology. Our work has ranged from conceptual design through to development of detailed design and assessment of operating pipelines. To provide a sound technical base for these activities, KW has been involved in Research and Development via JIPs, extensive testing, technical development and input to guidelines and standards.

Technical Capability

• Detailed analysis of single pipe and pipe-in-pipe systems transporting high temperature and / or high pressure, including interaction with HIPPS.

• Detailed finite element analysis and design of pipelines suseptibe to lateral buckling.

• Limit State and Strain Based Analysis and Assessment, including analysis of cyclic loading conditions and fatigue limit states.

• Experience of Trenching and Burial of Pipelines, including expertise in incorporating the effects of strain based analysis in the upheaval buckling calculations.

UHB analysis of reeled PIP

End bulkhead – limit state design

Reeling residual curvature test


Pipe-in-Pipe Systems

Pipe-in-Pipe Design Experience

Since its inception, KW Ltd has worked on the design of pipe-in-pipe systems. The projects have ranged from support to operators and design assurance, to performance of conceptual and detailed design. KW has analysed and designed numerous pipe-in-pipe systems, from bonded systems to sliding reeled systems. Detailed Design Projects have included HPHT and deep water pipeline systems.

KW can demonstrate a first class technical capability coupled with an unrivalled track record in the field of detailed design and analysis of pipe-in-pipe systems. We believe that this background ensures KW provides the service and support required for the successful completion of pipe-in-pipe projects.


Detailed analysis of pipe-in-pipe systems, including:

• Determination of flowline material properties.

• Detailed design of end and midline bulkheads.

• Evaluation of requirements for water stops and optimised spacing.

• Detailed design of field joints.

• Thermal analysis for pipe-in-pipe, bulkheads and field joints.

• Analysis of sliding pipe systems and effect of reeling residual strains on in-place behaviour.

Limit State and Strain Based Analysis and Assessment, including:

• Preparation of assessment limits for the required forms of strength limit states.

• The use of finite element modelling for strain based analysis.

• The preparation of limiting strain levels relating to the flowline and outer pipe materials.

• Evaluation of strain limits for fracture and application of ECA methodologies.

• Analysis of cyclic loading conditions and fatigue limit states.

In addition, upheaval buckling/OOS and lateral buckling solutions have been developed as part of detailed design.


FE Analysis

Key Technology

Advanced numerical analysis is central to developing effective solutions to today’s engineering challenges. Our staff includes a team of technical specialists with extensive advanced FEA experience gained largely in the oil and gas sector.

This specialist knowledge, combined with a responsive and proactive approach to problem solving and sound practical engineering skills underpin the full range of our technical services.

Application

Our state of the art ABAQUS FEA system is deployed on a wide range of projects, ranging from detailed 3D analysis of forgings to global models of entire pipeline systems. A few application areas are highlighted below.

Studies

Pipeline lateral buckling and walking analysis, ultimate load assessments, impact analysis, fishing gear interaction analysis, failure investigations, and fitness for purpose assessments to justify use of outwith-code equipment.

Concept, FEED and Detailed Design

Appropriate FE methods are fully integrated into the design of subsea facilities, ensuring accurate performance predictions for pipelines, spools and structures. Pipe-soil interaction, reeling deformations, and post-yield response of HTHP systems are all modelled using advanced non-linear FEA techniques.

Seismic and Dynamic Response

Application of dynamic FE analysis to seismic design. Pipeline span assessments routinely use FE methods to accurately model non-linear effects.

Computational Geomechanics

Conventional P-Y curves and limit equilibrium methods are supplemented by nonlinear FEA as required for foundation design. Analysis of ultimate capacity, stiffness, consolidation, settlement and seismic performance are all routinely performed by our FE team.


Marine lifting studies, barge modification, deck float-over simulation, static and dynamic pipelay analysis.

Strengthening Study for an FPSO

Pipeline Local Buckling Capacity

Soil/Structure Interaction

Coastal Engineering Studies

Coastal Engineering Experience

Marine works in coastal regions is an area in which KW Ltd has a keen interest and growing expertise. The range of coastal engineering studies already carried out include the following:

• Coastal protection works for pipeline shore crossings.

• Design of breakwaters, including submerged breakwaters.

• Wave penetration modelling in water basins/ lagoons.

• Hydrodynamics modelling.

• Water quality modelling.

• Sea walls, quay walls, piers.


Numerical modelling of marine processes, including:

• Wave propagation.

• Tidal/hydrodynamics modelling.

• Dispersion modelling.

Design of marine works, including:

• Pipeline landfalls or shore crossings.

• Intakes and outfalls.

• Port and Harbour Works.

• Breakwaters.

• Fixed structures.

• Floating structures.

Environmental Impact Studies associated with coastal works:

• Assessment of sediment transport effects.

• Prediction of pollutant concentrations.

• Prediction of thermal effects.

In addition, KW can undertake the management of coastal projects and co-ordination of associated studies such as physical modelling and marine life impacts.

0 100 200 300 400 500 6000

100

200

300

0.001

0.002

0.003

0.004

0.005

0.006

0.007

0.008

0.009

0.01

0.011

0.012

0.013

0.014

0.015

0.016

0.017

0.018

Reference Vectors

4E-006 0.019

Hydrodynamic modelling

Wave penetration modelling

0 100 200 300 400 500 6000

100

200

300

25.5

26

26.5

27

27.5

28

Wave temperature modelling


��

��

of 1


Conceptual, Pre-FEED & FEED Design Track Record

Project Client Date Scope of Facilities

Okporo Nigeria

Addax/Subsea7 2006- FEED study for the Okporo field which encompasses a two-well subsea development tied back via flexible to an existing FPSO.

Topaz North Sea

RWE/Vision Oil & Gas

2006- FEED of a 15km 8” subsea tie-back development in Southern North Sea.

North Idku Egypt

RWE/Genesis 2006 FEED of 7km 10” infield and 33km 16” export pipelines and tie-in spools including shore approach design.

Raven Egypt

BP 2005 Conceptual design of a subsea deepwater field.

Devenick Field Development North Sea

BP 2004 Pre-FEED engineering has been carried out by KW for a pipeline (10” x 12km) system transporting high-temperature/high-pressure corrosive fluids. The requirement has been to identify and assess the provision of suitable pipe materials are acceptable costs.

Ongoing support is being provided to BP.

Offshore North Sinai Egypt

GUPCO 2004 Pre-FEED was carried out to determine the requirements of the pipe and seabed preparation.

Saturn Field Development (Saturn & Munro pipelines) North Sea

ConocoPhillips 2004 FEED engineering was carried out and provided the basis for proceeding with the design of an extensive pipeline system in areas of high environmental loading.

Helvellyn Field Development North Sea

ATP 2003 FEED and route selection in mobile sand wave areas.

Detailed design of pipeline (8” x 16km, associated subsea structures and riser.

Terra Nova Newfoundland

Technip

(Petro-Canada)

2003 Concept design of insulated 10in single pipe and 16in/10in high temperature PIP options for infield flowlines.

Gulf of Aqaba Pipeline Jordan

East Gas Company

2002/03 Pre-FEED and FEED engineering for this large diameter (36” x 15km) technically challenging project, including deepwater (900m), rough seabed terrain and seismic hazards. Specified and supervised survey and interpretation of survey results.

Retains record to-date for largest diameter pipeline installed in 900m water depth.

Tangguh North Sea

BP 2002 Conceptual design for the twin CRA internally clad pipelines (24” x 16km) carrying corrosive fluid in an environment of very high environmental loading.

The Pre-FEED included the application of limit state methods to the assessment of the pipeline during operation to determine requirements for measures to prevent spans.

of 2


Detailed Design Track Record


Haifa Bay Loading Line Mediterranean

PEI 2006- Detailed design of a 3km heated oil loading line including design of offshore PLEM.

GUPCO Rehabilitation Project Egypt

GUPCO 2006- Detailed design of five replacement pipelines, 18km 16-inch Trunkline, 1.5km 12-inch Flowline, 3.2km 16-inch Flowline, 2.2km 20-inch Flowline, 2.7 km 16-inch Flowline and associated tie-in Spoolpieces, Risers and shore approach.

Starling North Sea

Allseas/Shell 2006- Detailed design of 33km of 12”/20” production pipe-in-pipe and tie-in spools from Starling manifold to Shearwater platform.

Chiswick North Sea

CH4/Technip 2006 Detailed design of a 12km 10” with 1.5” piggy back from platform to platform including tie-in spool.

Teal North Sea

Shell/Technip 2006 Detailed design of a 1.5km 8” super duplex infield pipeline in Central North Sea.

Howe P2 Development North Sea

Technip 2005-06 Detailed design of high pressure / high temperature pipe (3.6km of 6” with 3” piggy back).

Marmara Crossing Turkey

Botas/ Oztas-Peker

2005-06 Detailed design of 36” x 17km pipeline with two landfall crossings.

Paladin WaGE North Sea

Technip 2005-06 Detailed design of pipelines (2, 6, 10” x 11km) and associated subsea structures for North Sea field development.

Saturn Field Development (Mimas and Tethys pipelines) North Sea

ConocoPhillips 2005-06 Detailed design of pipeline (twin 10” x 12km and 4km) and associated subsea structures.

Horne and Wren North Sea

Saipem/Tullow 2004/05 Detailed design of 20 km 10” Gas Export + 2” Hydrate Inhibitor piggy back pipelines and associated tie-in spools.

BP Greater Plutonio Development Offshore Angola

Stolt Offshore SA (BP)

2004 Analysis of lateral buckling and walking response of production, gas lift and service deep water flowlines. Development of range of mitigation measures required to ensure robust design solution.

Optimisation of mitigation based on better defined soil friction parameters from tests.

Structural design of suction pile anchors to prevent walking.

Offshore North Sinai Egypt

GUPCO 2004 Detailed design (60km, 22” pipeline) interfaced with onshore pipeline engineering.

Saturn Field Development (Saturn & Munro pipelines) North Sea

ConocoPhillips 2004 Detailed Design of pipeline and associated subsea structures (14” x 42km and 10” x 6km, with 3” methanol) and tie-in spools.

of 2


Detailed Design Track Record


Baobab Field Development West Africa

Technip/CNR/ Subsea 7

2003/04 Detailed design of a 1500m deep 12/16” pipe in pipe and 6” single pipe, and associated in-line Wye and Tee structures

Installation support and fitness for purpose assessment.

Howe Field PI Development North Sea

Shell/Technip 2003/04 Detailed design of high pressure / high temperature pipe in pipe (14km of 12/8” with 3” piggy back).

Rose Development North Sea

Subsea7/ Centrica

2003/04 Detailed design of 10”/30” caisson riser installed in vacant drill slot. Specialist support to design of associated 10” pipeline.

Gulf of Aqaba Pipeline Jordan

East Gas Company

2002/03 8km long offshore section of 36”trunk line. Carried out detailed design, interfaced with onshore pipeline engineering, provided management and specialist engineering for Owner. Contracted to supervise annual IRM.

Retains record to-date for largest diameter pipeline installed in 900m water depth.

Helvellyn Development North Sea

ATP Oil and Gas 2002 Detailed design of 16km, 8in pipeline, spools and retrofit caisson riser. Follow-on construction support services.

of 2


Owner Engineer & Design Support Track Record


Saqqara BP 2006 Review of Detailed Design Documentation. Development of a Pipeline Management Plan & STRATEGY.

Cannonball Trinidad BP 2006 Represent BP on repair of a buckled pipeline.

Buzzard Field Development North Sea

Nexans / Encana 2004 Review of Saipem detailed pipeline design.

Verification of subsea Wye and Tee forgings using 3D FE methods.

Critical review of six sub-sea structure designs.

Saturn and Munro Field Developments North Sea

ConocoPhillips 2004 Design supervision/review and verification.

Installation Analysis review and verification.

Out-of-straightness analysis for installed pipeline.

Rhum Field Development North Sea

BP 2002 Supervision of detailed design of high temperature pipeline system, transporting highly corrosive fluids.

Preparation of CRA lined pipe (mechanically bonded) test specification and budget, supervision of test, assessment of results and preparation of installation and operation.

Independent verification of ultimate strength and upheaval bucking response of reeled PIP system using non-linear FEA.

Viscount Field Development North Sea

CDS/Conoco 2002 Review of Saipem pipeline and sub-sea structures detailed design.

Gulf of Aqaba Pipeline Development Egypt

East Gas Company

2002- Client’s Project Manager.

Supervision of detailed pipeline design.

Client’s representative during installation of pipeline and shore crossing.

On-going supervision of annual surveys, and interpretation of survey data.

CMS-III Development

North Sea

Conoco 2001 Design supervision/review and verification.

Out-of-straightness analysis for installed pipeline.

Corrib Field Development Ireland

Stolt Offshore 2001 Independent safety review / HAZID.

Design supervision.

Upheaval buckling analysis of flexible flowline.

Tangguh Field Development Indonesia

BP 2001 Preliminary design and route selection.

Support to BP in the analysis of route data and selection of optimum route.

Review of DnV design guidelines.

Preparation of CRA lined pipe (mechanically bonded) test specification and budget, supervision of test, assessment of results and preparation of installation and operation limits.

Assurance of JPK (Perth) FEED and Saipem Detailed Design Activities, especially upheaval buckling.

of 2


Owner Engineer & Design Support Track Record


Ormen Lange Norwegian Sea

BP 2001 Represented BP on Span Technical Committee.

Jade Field Development North Sea

Phillips 2000-2001

Acted as the pipeline engineer for Phillips UK supervising and assessing pipe-in-pipe design work by JPK and EMC.

Acted as the pipeline engineer for Phillips UK supervising and assessing the spool design work by APA.

Review and verification of complete Jade pipeline design.

Detailed verification of lateral snaking analysis performed by JPK and EMC.

Support to PPCo for assessment of operating pipeline and pipeline protection measures.

Erskine Replacement Pipeline North Sea

Texaco 2000 Verification of the design work being performed by JPK, EMC and CSOL, plus support to Texaco.

Provide specialist engineering support to JPK on the design of the Erskine pipeline, including strain based design, limit state design, upheaval buckling and review of reports from the design team.

Design and supervision of testing and analysis of CRA lined (metallurgically bonded) riser.

Keith Bundle North Sea

BHP Billiton 2000 Review of documents, assessment of design analysis methods, and support of client at meetings.

of 2


Lateral Buckling / Pipeline Walking Track Record


Qatar II Pipelines Gulf

Technip Abu Dhabi (ExxonMobil)

2006 Analysis of lateral buckling response of 34” and 38” concrete coated pipelines using detailed non-linear FEA.

Design of robust mitigation measures to ensure reliable buckle initiation, and maximum strains and stress ranges within acceptable limits.

Akpo Development Offshore Nigeria

Saipem SA (Total)

2006 Verification of contractor’s lateral buckling and walking analysis for 10” infield deep water flowlines in, using detailed non-linear ABAQUS FE models.

Haifa Bay Pipeline Israel

Petroleum & Energy Infrastructures Ltd

2006 Detailed analysis of lateral buckling response of 32” oil loading pipeline, required to replace existing line damaged due to lateral buckling in operation. Design of lateral buckling mitigation measures, including analysis and assessment using DNV RP-F110 methodology.

North Idku Pipeline Offshore North Egypt

Genesis (NIPETCO Consortium)

2006 Detailed analysis of lateral buckling and trawling response of exposed 16in gas export and 10in infield flowlines. Developed mitigation measures to ensure strains remain acceptable, taking account of strain concentration at field joints. Construction costs minimised by avoidance of trenching.

Erha North Development Offshore Nigeria

Acergy Services SA (ExxonMobil)

2005 Analysis of lateral buckling and walking response of 10” production, 6” test and 10” WI deep water flowlines using detailed non-linear FEA. Detailed 3D FEA of strain localisation at J-Lay collars.

Design of robust mitigation measures (sleepers) to ensure reliable buckle initiation, with maximum strains and stress ranges within acceptable limits. Elimination of walking by optimal placement of lateral buckles.

EPC2B Development Offshore Nigeria

Acergy Services SA (ExxonMobil)

2005 Analysis of lateral buckling response of 20in gas import and 18in gas export flowlines using detailed non-linear FEA.

Modification of crossing design to provide reliable buckle initiation feature, with maximum strains and stress ranges within acceptable limits.

BP Greater Plutonio Development Offshore Angola

Stolt Offshore SA (BP)

2004 Analysis of lateral buckling and walking response of production, gas lift and service deep water flowlines. Development of range of mitigation measures required to ensure robust design solution.

Optimisation of mitigation based on better defined soil friction parameters from tests.

Structural design of suction pile anchors to prevent walking.

of 2


Lateral Buckling / Pipeline Walking Track Record


Azeri Field Development Caspian Sea

McDermott (BP)

2004 Detailed FEA of lateral buckling response for 30in oil export and 16in WI pipelines. Use of as-laid OOS survey data to assess likely locations of on-bottom buckles.

Evaluation of various mitigation strategies, including in-line expansion spools, sleepers and snake-lay.

Final solution was a single additional 30” in-line spool, with no mitigation required for 16” line.

Baobab Field Development Offshore Cote d’Ivoire

Technip and Subsea7 (CNR)

2003 Non-linear FEA of lateral buckling and slope walking response of deep water PIP system, as part of detailed design activity. Structural design of suction pile anchors to prevent walking.

Simian-Sapphire Pipeline System Offshore Egypt

Genesis (Burullus)

2003 Lateral buckling analysis of 10in deep water gas flowlines using detailed non-linear ABAQUS FE models. Assessment of effects of trawl board impact/pullover, and its interaction with lateral buckling. Assessment of integrity in accordance with DNV OS-F101. Assessment of walking potential due to thermal transients and seabed slopes.

Terra Nova FEED Offshore Newfoundland

Technip

(Petro-Canada)

2003 Preliminary lateral buckling assessment of insulated 10in single pipe and 16in/10in high temperature PIP options. Concept design of mitigation measures.

Penguin Pipeline UK North Sea

Shell 2001 Verification of JPK lateral buckling analysis. Specification and assistance in procurement of pipe-soil interaction geotechnical tests.

Jade Pipeline UK North Sea

Phillips 2000 Detailed non-linear FEA of lateral buckling of very high temperature PIP system, to assess potential for snake lay design option and verify results from JPK design team.

of 4


OOS / UHB Track Record

Project Client / Owner Date Scope of Facilities

Minke Field Development Acergy G De France

2007 8” (15.1km)

Mimas & Tethys Field Development

ConocoPhillips 2007 10”/3” Piggybacked Line (3km) 10”/3” Piggybacked Line (14km)

Rev Field Development Talisman 2007 12” (9.2km)

Affleck Field Development TOUK Maersk

2007 12”/8” Pip (28km)

Ettrick Nexen Field Development

Nexen 2007 10”/ 4” + 2x8 Flexibles (1.4km) 6” Flexible (6.5km)

Tweedsmuir Field Development

TOUK Talisman

2006 10”/4” Piggybacked Line(52.8km) 10” Pipeline (5.94km)

Paladin Enoch Development Subsea7 Talisman

2006 8"/3" piggybacked (15km)

Talisman Blane Development Talisman

2006 10" (33km), 8" (33km)

Talisman Galley Redevelopment

Talisman

2006 10" (23.5km)

Maria Field Development TOUK BG Group

2006 12" (11km)

Wenlock and Davy East Development

Pegasus AT & Bluewater

2006 6" (5.7km), 8"/3" piggybacked (36km)

Teal P2 Development TOUK Shell

2006 8" (1.34km)

Njord Field Development Acergy Nor Norsk Hydro

2006 12" (40.3km)

Alvheim Development Project TONOR Marathon

2006 2 off 12" Rigid (2.2km), 1 off 12" Rigid (4.5km), 1 off 10" (5.3km), 1 off 14" (36.5km), 1 off 14" (3.6km)

Arthur III Development Project

Pegasus Exxon Mobil

2006 8" Flexible (2.7km)

Vilje Development Project TONOR Norsk Hydro

2006 1 off 12" Rigid (19km), 1 off 6" Rigid (21km)

WINZ L5C Field Development Subsea7 Wintershall

2006 1 off 10" 13%Cr (8.1km)

Merganser Field Development TOUK Shell

2006 8" (3.8km)

Newfield Grove Development Newfield

2006 10" (13.3km)

Forvie Development Project Stolt TOTAL

2005 8" Rigid (2.2km) and 8" Rigid (0.5km)

L4G Development Subsea7 TOTAL

2005 6" Rigid (10.6km) and 10"/3" piggyback (6.7km)

of 4




PICT Field Development TOUK Petro-Canada UK

2005 12"/4" (18.9km) & 6" (18km)

Simian & Sapphire Field Development

TOUK GUPCO

2005 4" x 4 pipelines (113.6km, 45.6km, 83.3km, 16.1km)

Valdemar B to Tyra West B Stolt Maersk

2005 12" Rigid (18.3km)

Howe Field Development Shell

2005 12"/8" PIP & 4" Piggback (14km)

Mobile Arthur II - Flexible Stolt Maersk

2005 8" Flexible (3.6km) - Ex Gawain Flexible

Tors Development Project Pegasus ATP

2005 8" Rigid (20km) and 12" Rigid (20km)

Vigdis Field Development Stolt Norsk Hydro

2004 12" (4.4km) & 12" (4.3km) & 12" (9.2km) & 10" Flexible (4.9km)

Stine Segment-I Field Location

Subsea7 Dong

2004 8"/3" (8.9km)

Ninian Field Development Subsea7 CNR

2004 10" (5.6km)

Howe Field Development TOUK Shell

2004 12"/8" PIP & 4" Piggback (14km)

K4BE-K4A TOUK TOTAL

2004 10" (8km)

Q5-A to Q8-B Development Project

Stolt Wintershall

2004 8" (14km)

10" WI Replacement Project Stolt Paladin Expro

2004 10" (8.3km)

D12A Field Development Subsea7 Wintershall

2004 10" (4.9km)

Annabel Field Development Subsea7 VPC

2004 10" (17.73km)

Camelot Arthur Field Development

Stolt Exxon Mobil

2004 12" (29.2km)

Banff FPSO to Banff Manifold Development Project

PGS

2004 8" Felxible pipeline (1.7km)

Scoter Field Development TOUK Shell

2003 12" (11.7km)

Juno Field Development TOUK BG & BP

2003 8" (6.3km) & 6" (3.4km) & 6" (4.4km) & 16" (12.9km) & 3" (7.1km) & 8" (5.4km) & 12" (14.8km)

CMS III Field Development Stolt ConocoPhillips

2003 12" (12.8km) & 12"/3" (21.5km) & 10"/3" (8.4km) & 10"/3" (8.4km) & 10"/3" (5.5km)

Brae B - Miller and Braemar Field Development

TOUK Maarathon

2003 10"/6" PIP (12km), 16" (8.5km)

of 4




Skirne Byggve Field Development

Stolt TOTAL

2003 12" (25.1km)

Greensand Field Development TOUK Marathon

2003 10" (6.9km)

Nuggets NGE-N3 Development Project

TOUK TOTAL

2003 8"/4" (13.1km)

Seven Heads Field Development

TOUK Ramco

2003 8" X 5 pipelines (1.44km, 4.6km, 6.2km, 5.7km, 7.4km)

Rose Field Development Subsea7 Centrica Resources

2003 10" (9.1km)

L5-B Field Development Subsea7 Wntershall

2003 10" (6.4km)

K7 Field Development Stolt NAM

2003 12" (16.8km)

West Akhen Field Development

BP GUPCO

2002 14"/3" (20.6km) & 6" (20.5km)

Caledonia-Britannia Field Development

TOUK ChevronTexaco

2002 12"/8" PIP (5.9km) & 4" piggyback

Helvellyn Field Development CDS ATP

2002 8" (15.5km)

Viscount Field Development ConocoPhillips

2002 12"/3" (11.3km)

Guillemont Field Development TOUK Amerada Hess

2002 4" (13.6km)

ETAP Satellite Development Project

Stolt BP

2002 10"/4" (19.6km) & 10" (12.8km) & 10" (2.2km)

South Everest Field Development

Stolt BP

2001 7.5" Flexible (7.4km)

Beauly Field Development Stolt Talisman

2001 6"/2" (5.2km)

Birch Field Development VPC

2001 10" (13.7km) Post Buckling Analysis

Kyle Field Development TOUK Maersk

2001 12" (17km)

Nuggets Phase-I Field Development

TOUK TOTAL

2001 12" (39.5 km) & 12" (14.4km) & 6" (4.3km)

Kinsale Area Gas Fields Reprofiling Development

TOUK Marathon

2001 12" (7km)

Vale Field Development Stolt Norsk Hydro

2001 8" (16km)

Blake Field Development TOUK BG

2001 16"/12" PIP (9km) & 12" (8.9km) & 12" (8.8km)

of 4




North Davy Field Development

TOUK BP

2001 8" (10.2km)

Hotton Field Development TOUK BP

2001 8" (11.6km)

Otter Field Development TOUK TOTAL

2001 10" (21km) & 10" (21km)

Hannay Field Development Stolt Talisman

2001 8"/3" (13.2km) - DnV Design was adopted

Lewis-I Field Development TOUK Exxon Mobil

2001 14"/8" PIP (7km)

Angus Field Development Amerada Hess

2001 8"/3" (15.6km)

Kinsale Area Gas Fields Reprofiling Development (interplatform)

TOUK Marathon

2001 12" (5km) & 12" (1.2km)

Halfdan Field Development Stolt Maersk

2000 12" (8.6km) & 12" (8.7km) & 14" (16.7km)

Cook Enterprise Field Development

TOUK Enterprise Oil

2000 12"/8" PIP & 4" Piggback (11.7km)

Vixen Field Development TOUK ConocoPhillips

2000 10" (8.5km)

L8 Field Development Stolt Wintershall

2000 6" (10.2km) & 12" (2.9km)

Bittern Field Development Stolt Amerada Hess

1999 8" (22km) & 10" (22km) & 12" (22km) & 4" (22km)

Orion Field Development Stolt Talisman

1999 10" (15.4km)

Jupiter Phase II Development Project

Mentor ConocoPhillips

1999 12"/4" (4.5km)

ECA Development Project Mentor BG

1999 10" (26.4km)

Kinsale-Bravo Development Project

TOUK Marathon

1999 12" (6.9km)

North West Bell Development Project

APA Amaco

1999 6" (9.3km)

of 2


Egypt Projects and Cairo Office Track Record


Gulf Of Aqaba Annual Survey / Assessment

EGC Ongoing Assess integrity of gulf of Aqaba pipeline as per annual survey carried out.

Rehabilitation Phase 1 GUPCO 2007 Detailed design of five replacement pipelines, an 18km 16” trunkline, 1.5km 12-inch Flowline, 3.2km 16” Flowline, 2.2km 20” Flowline, 2.7 km 16” Flowline and associated tie-in spoolpieces, risers and shore approach.

Damaged Pipeline Evaluation and Repair

Confidential 2007 Assess repair solutions for 16” pipeline.

Saqqara Project BP 2006 Review of Detailed Design Documentation. Development of a Pipeline Management Plan & strategy.

TGPS Turkey to Greece Pipeline

Oztas-Peker J V 2006 Detailed design of the section of the Turkey to Greece pipeline that crosses the Bosphorus. 36” gas trunkline, with maximum water depth of 60 metres.

North Idku RWE 2006 Structural Design Review.

North Idku RWE 2006 Pipeline Detailed Design and Shore Approach for two pipelines, 10” line from Platform NP2 to NP1, and 16” pipeline from NP1 to shore of the Mediterranean Sea.

Akhen GUPCO 2006 Integrity assessment and developing a remediation and repair plan for the snagged 6” Akhen condensate line bypass.

Western Desert to Dashour Pipeline

GUPCO 2006 Engineering and development of a first stage repair programme for the pipeline in order to stabilise its condition and reduce the risk of failure to acceptable levels prior to a more comprehensive rehabilitation programme being undertaken.

DNV IPIC & Petrojet DNV 2006 Pipeline inspection for 26” line for DNV.

Western Desert Pipeline System

GUPCO 2006 Over pressurised pipeline fitness for purpose assessment.

Technical Training Programme

PMS 2006 Provided technical training course to PMS engineers.

Raven Field BP 2006 Perform conceptual studies for the BP Raven deepwater gas development. Work includes review of pipeline installation across deepwater channel soft foundations for manifolds and assessment of seabed movements.

Training course PMS 2005 Provision of technical training course for PMS engineering personnel.

DUBA Petrojet 2005 Pile Drivability Analysis for Duba Project Onshore section.

of 2


Egypt Projects and Cairo Office Track Record


ESMA II GUPCO 2005 Performed a design review and risk assessment of the current ESMA II pipeline configuration and operating conditions to determine the fitness for purpose for the remaining operational life.

Saqqara Early Production System

GUPCO 2005 Internal corrosion analysis and materials selection study for temporary early production system for the GUPCO Saqqara project.

Ras Shukheir Loading Lines

GUPCO 2005 Assess integrity of main oil export loading lines from the Ras Shukheir tank farm to the tanker bays.

Gulf of Aqaba Inspection Database and Pipeline Engineering Training Course

EGC 2005 Provided technical training course to PMS engineers.

Rehabilitation Project GUPCO 2005 Provision of technical support services as part of remnant life assessment of Gulf of Suez assets.

Agiba Ashrafi Field Impresub 2005 Performed route engineering for new gas lift pipeline during the pre-engineering survey.

Sidi Krir Pre-QMS ENPPI 2002 Feasibility Design for Marine Filling Station.

Gulf of Aqaba Pipeline EGC 2001/02 Project management, detailed design and installation and commissioning supervision for a 36” Gas line across the gulf of Aqaba, approx. 17 km up to 900 metres water depth.

Scarab/Saffron Burullus 2001 Verification of Manifold Foundation.

Akhen GUPCO 2000/01 Engineering supervision of design and installation. Trenching supervision.

Hap’y GUPCO 1999/00 Management and Supervision of alternative trenching operation and stabilisation of pipe.

��

��

www.kwltd.com

Quality Management Systems (QMS) KW Ltd is fully committed to the application of quality to provide services and products of excellence that achieve our client’s satisfaction. KW operates a Quality Management System that has been independently assessed and is accredited to BS EN ISO 9001:2000.

Top management are responsible for ensuring that the requirements of the Quality Management System are implemented and maintained. KW ensures that team members at all levels of the company are fully informed of the quality requirements and our aim to provide customer satisfaction. All personnel are encouraged to be involved in the development and application of the Quality Management System and to provide benefit to our clients through continual improvement.

KW is registered with First Point Assessment Limited where performance indicators are established and monitored.

Offices and Contacts

Fetcham, Surrey (Head Office) KW Ltd Fetcham Park House Lower Road Fetcham KT22 9HD United Kingdom +44 (0)1372 371122 (tel) +44 (0)1372 371123 (fax)

Aberdeen Office KW Ltd Regus House 1 Berry Street Aberdeen AB25 1HF United Kingdom +44 (0)1224 843792 (tel) +44 (0)1372 371123 (fax)

Cairo Office KW Egypt 3, Road 3 Maadi Cairo Egypt +20 (0)23 784460 (tel) +20 (0)23 782178 (fax)

KW Ltd Registered in England No. 03764131

��

��

www.kwltd.com

delivering subsea solutions

Documents

suction pile

high environmental

fatigue limit

cyclic loading

900m water

phillips uk

robust mitigation

limit equilibrium