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DEFENITION RATIONALE BIBLIOGRAPHY

DIABETES

MELLITUS

glucose in blood due to defects ininsulin secretion, insulin action, or both.The major source of glucose are

absorption of ingested food andformation of glucose by the liver.

Smeltzer, S.(2010).Medical-Surgical Nursing. p1196.

Bodys inability to metabolizedcarbohydrates, fats, and proteins,leading to hyperglycemia (high bloodglucose level).

McCann, Judith A.Schilling(2005).Professional Guide toDiseases. p.865.

Black, Joyce (2009).Medical- SurgicalNursing: ClinicalManagement forPositiveOutcomes.p.1062.

1. DMGASTROPATHY

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DEFENITION RATIONALE BIBLIOGRAPHY

GASTROPATHYGeneral term for stomach disease www.wikidedia.com

Therefore:

DM

GASTROPATHY

neuromuscular dysfunctions of thestomach, including abnormalities ofgastric contractility, tone, andmyoelectrical activity in patients withdiabetes.

www.springerlink.com

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2. NON-ULCERDYSPEPSIA

DEFENITION RATIONALE BIBLIOGRAPHY

Non- absence

Ulcer Lesions that can occur on any body

surface where necrotic tissue forms asa result of inflammation is sloughed off,leaving a hole.

Kumar,V., Cotran, R.,

& S. Robbins (2003).Robbins BasicPathology. p .

Bleach in the mucosa of the alimentary

tract that extends through themuscularis mucosae into thesubmucosa & deeper.

Mulvihill, Mary Lou

(1995). HumanDiseases: A SystemicApproach. p. 173

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DEFENITION RATIONALE BIBLIOGRAPHY

DYSPEPSIA

Indigestion; upper abdominaldiscomfort associated with eating.

Smeltzer, S.

(2010).Medical-Surgical Nursing. p1196.

Condition of impaired or painfuldigestion resulting from failure of somephase of the normal digestive process

Microsoft Encarta 2008.

CONTINUATION.

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DEFENITION RATIONALE BIBLIOGRAPHY

Therefore:

NON-ULCERDYSPEPSIA

Abdominal discomfort that is causedby gastroesophageal reflux but is not

associated with ulcerations.

www.wrongdiagnosis.com

Also called as non-ulcer stomach painor functional dyspepsia. Signs andsymptoms includes pain or discomfortin your upper abdomen, often

accompanied by bloating, belchingand nausea.

www.mayoclinic.com

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3. NON-BLEEDING PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE

DEFENITION RATIONALE BIBLIOGRAPHY

NON- absence

BLEEDING A potential complication of any ulcer ishemorrhage & severe hemorrhage maylead to shock. Bleeding from the ulcermay appear as hematemesis or bleedingvomitus.

Mulvihill, Mary Lou

(1995). HumanDiseases: A SystemicApproach. p. 175.

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DEFENITION RATIONALE BIBLIOGRAPHY

PEPTIC ULCER

DISEASE

Remitting, relapsing lesions. There aretwo facts in the pathogenesis of pepticulcer:

a. mucosal exposure to gastric acid &pepsinb. association with H. pylori infection

Kumar,V., Cotran, R.,& S. Robbins (2003).Robbins BasicPathology. p 557.

Peptic ulcers are defects in the gastricor doudenal mucosa that extendthrough the muscularis mucosa. H.

pylori infection and NSAID use are themost common etiologic factors.

emedicine.medscape.com

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DEFENITION RATIONALE BIBLIOGRAPHY

Therefore:

NBPUD

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is estimatedas the primary cause for uppergastrointestinal hemorrhage orbleeding.

2 major causes of developing ulcers:a. Interaction with Helicobacter pylorib. Persistent usage of NSAIDS

www.thehealthcarecenter.com

CONTINUATION.